Kentucky expedition crossed into Indiana, and completed the work which General Scott had begun.

The Indians continued hostile after the treaty of 1795, owing to the efforts of Tecumseh, but a portion of them sold their lands to the United States for the benefit of the white settlers.

In 1802 and 1803, and again in 1807, unsuccessful efforts were made to introduce slavery into the Indiana territory in spite of the prohibition of the ordinance by which the territory had been ceded to the United States.

The Indians having become troublesome again, the Governor, General William Henry Harrison, summoned the people to take up arms against them. The savages were led by Tecumseh and his brother The Prophet, two able and determined chieftains. General Harrison marched into their country with a considerable force. On the 7th of November, 1811, he appeared with his army before Tippecanoe (the Prophet's town) on the Wabash, and demanded that the savages should restore all the property they had taken from the whites. A conference was held between the American commander and Tecumseh, in which it was agreed that hostilities should not begin until the next. morning. Harrison, however, knew that the Indians would not scruple to disregard the truce, and bivouacked his army in order of battle. His suspicions were realized. Just before daylight Tecumseh made a furious attack upon the American camp, but, thanks to the wise precautions of Harrison, was repulsed, and his warriors routed with terrible loss. Harrison followed up his victory by devastating the Indian country. Soon after this the tribes sued for peace.

During the war of 1812 the Indians joined the British in their efforts against the Americans, but were terribly punished for so doing. Their warriors were slain and their country laid waste, and in the battle of the Thames their famous chieftain, Tecumseh, was killed.

In the year 1800 the region now included in the States of Illinois and Indiana was organized as the Territory of Indiana. In 1809 Illinois Territory was separated from Indiana.

On the 29th of June, 1816, a State Constitution was adopted by the people, in Convention, and on the 11th of December, of the same year, Indiana was admitted into the Union as a sovereign State.

The new State grew rapidly, and attracted settlers from all parts of the country. Emigrants from Europe also came over, and it entered upon that splendid career of wealth and prosperity which it is still pursuing.

During the late war Indiana furnished 195,147 troops to the service of the United States.

CITIES AND TOWNS.

Besides the capital, the principal cities and towns of the State are, New Albany, Evansville, Fort Wayne, Lafayette, Terre Haute, Madison, Richmond, Laporte, Jeffersonville, Logansport, and Michigan City.

INDIANAPOLIS,

The capital and largest city of the State, is situated in Marion county, on the west fork of White River, just below the mouth of Fall Creek, 109 miles northwest of Cincinnati, 200 miles southeast of Chicago, and 573 miles west by north of Washington. Latitude, 39° 46′ N.; longitude, 86° 5' W. It is located in an extensive plain, and lies in almost the exact centre of the State. The city is regularly laid out, and is well built. It is making rapid progress every year in the character of its edifices, both public and private, and is now noted as one of the handsomest and most attractive of the Western capitals. The streets are wide, and generally cross each other at right angles. Four of them, however, are diagonal, and converge to a circular area in the centre of the town. Washington street is the principal thoroughfare, and is 120 feet wide. The streets are well paved, are shaded with trees, and are traversed by lines of street railways. The

business portions boast many handsome and showy structures, and the private streets contain a large number of elegant residences.

The public buildings are a credit to the city and State. The State House is a noble edifice, built in imitation of the Parthenon, and surmounted by a dome. Its dimensions are 180 by 80 feet. The Court House and the Union Depot are the other prominent buildings.

The schools of the city are excellent and prosperous. The public schools deserve special commendation, and the private academies and seminaries are well conducted. The Northwestern Christian University, conducted by the Christian Church, the Baptist Female College, the Indiana Female College, and the Indiana Medical College, are located here. The State and Mercantile Libraries are the principal collections of books.

The Benevolent Institutions are, the State Lunatic Asylum, the State Asylums for the Blind, and for the Deaf and Dumb, and several local institutions for the relief of the poor and afflicted.

The city contains about 34 churches, and several newspaper offices, is lighted with gas, and is supplied with pure water. It is provided with an efficient police force, and a steam fire department, and is governed by a Mayor and Council. In 1870 the population was 48,244. Eight railway lines centre at Indianapolis, and make it one of the most important railway points in America.

Manufactures are carried on to a limited extent, iron, machinery, paper, flour, and window sashes being the principal products.

Indianapolis is noted for its rapid growth. In 1820, when the site was selected for the capital of the State, it was covered with a dense forest. The first settlement was made in the spring of that year, and on the 1st of January, 1825, the State offices were removed from Corydon to this place. The State Capitol was finished in 1834.

EVANSVILLE,

In Vanderburgh county, on the northern bank of the Ohio, is the second city of the State, with respect to population. It is 200 miles above the mouth of the Ohio, 200 miles below Louisville, Ky., and 144 miles southwest of Indianapolis. The city lies on a high bank of the river, the ground sloping gradually from the first street to the edge of the water. It is well built, and presents a handsome appearance from the river. The principal streets are wide and well paved. The public buildings are, the Court House, the Marine Hospital of the United States, and the State Bank. The city is lighted with gas, and

is supplied with water from the Ohio. It contains about 30 churches, a number of public and private schools, about 4 newspaper offices, and several hotels. It is governed by a Mayor and Council. In 1870 the population was 22,830.

Evansville is one of the most important places in the State. It is the terminus of the Wabash and Erie Canal, which is 462 miles long, and the principal market of the famous Green River Valley of Kentucky. The annual exports of the city exceed $8,000,000 in value, of which pork, lard, and tobacco are the principal articles. The city is also extensively engaged in the manufacture of iron, brass, and flour. The coal for this purpose is mined about a mile from the Court House. A large portion of the population is of German origin.

The town was laid out in 1836, at which time the site was covered with a dense forest. It received its name from Robert Morgan Evans, a native of Virginia, one of the original proprietors.

FORT WAYNE,

In Allen county, is situated at the confluence of the St. Joseph's and St. Mary's rivers, which here unite and form the Maumee. It is 112 miles northeast of Indianapolis, and 96 west of Toledo, Ohio. The city is laid out on the level prairie land, and is well built. It has grown rapidly in the past ten years, and its railway connections have made it a place of considerable importance. The Wabash and Erie Canal connects it with the Ohio and Lake Erie. It contains about 10 churches, 4 news

paper offices, several public schools, a female college, and the county buildings, and is lighted with gas and supplied with water. It is the chief market for the rich ocuntry surrounding it, and is a place of considerable trade. It is governed by a Mayor and Council. In 1870, the population was 17,718, making it the third city of the State.

Fort Wayne occupies the site of the "Twightwee Village" of the Miami Indians. The French at an early day built a trading-post here, and in 1764, the English erected a fort on the spot. In 1794, General Anthony Wayne erected a new fort, which was called by his name, and which has given its name to the present city. It was continued as a military-post until 1841, until the removal westward of the Miamis and Potawatomies.

NEW ALBANY,

In Floyd county, on the right bank of the Ohio River, is the fourth city of the State. It is 3 miles below the falls of the Ohio, and 5 miles below Louisville, 136 miles below Cincinnati, and 100 miles south-by-east from Indianapolis. It is a handsome city, built on level ground, at a slight elevation above the river, with broad well-paved streets, shaded with handsome trees. It contains some showy buildings and fine residences. The principal are the county buildings.

The city is lighted with gas, and is supplied with water from the