NEW YORK AND ERIE RAILROAD.-The work on this road is pushed forward, it is said, with great vigor. It is intended to complete it from Otisville, the present terminus, to Port Jervis during the coming autumn. The distance is only twelve miles and contains much the hardest and heaviest work on the whole line of the road.Upwards of two thousand men are now employed on those twelve miles. The directors are confident that when opened to Port Jervis, the receipts of the road will be increased at least thirty per

cent.

It gives us pleasure to hear so good an account of the progress of this great, almost national, work, and we trust it will, hereafter, encounter none of the difficulties that have hitherto so seriously retarded its prosecution, and even jeoparded its existence. The New York and Erie is one of those great trunks of railway designed, like the Baltimore & Ohio and the Charleston & Nashville, to connect the seaboard with the West and is second to neither of these in importance or the aggregate of business it will command. In the general increase of business throughout the country, and the necessity for its prompt despatch, facilities such as will be afforded by the construction of this road are absolutely indispensable, and we look forward to its completion as a new era in the history of the trade, commerce and prosperity of the West.

In this connection it is with much gratification that we are able to say that the gentlemen having in charge the Attica & Hornellsville roadthe link designed to connect this city with the New York & Erie, and make Buffalo in fact the western terminus of that work-fully appreciate the important interests committed to their charge, and will be able to command the amplest means to complete their road in the most substantial manner

as speedily as may be desirable. The whole line from this city to New York, we confidently trust will be finished and in operation by the close of the year 1849, or early in the season of 1850. Before that time the various companies on the line from here to Albany will have re-constructed their roads and re-laid the track with the heavy rail, and we shall then only need-what we must have a railroad round the south shore of Lake Erie, and thence to the Mississippi, to make Buffalo as great a focus of railway traffic as it now is of trade by lake and canal craft. No jealousy need be entertained of the drafts made upon western trade by the Baltimore & Ohio, or routes still farther south. They are too far south to affect the trade that naturally tends hitherward, and were not this the fact, the business would suffice for all.

ted. The same is true of the various works desigued to carry off the products of the vast and rapidly enlarging region that tends to this port as a common centre. Each year widens the area of our commercial transactions. The completion of the Illinois & Michigan Canal-an event that will be witnessed this fall-will draw bitherward a large share of the trade of Southern Illinois, Missouri and Iowa, that heretofore has descended the Mississippi and found New Orleans almost its exclusive market. Soon, too, the basin of Lake Superior will be opened, and in a few years will be witnessed there changes as magical as those which in the last ten years have made the shores of Lake Michigan a wonder and a miracle. The merely physical progress of our country at this tine, is beyond all former precedent, yet none who watch it with observant eye, can doubt that all we see is but a faint foreshadowing of what is to come, if wise forecast and intelligennt enterprize shall govern our future movements.-Com. Advertiser.

The Mexican Rumors.

From the N. O. Picayune, Aug. 3.

Little light has been thrown since our last upon the rumored entry of Gen. Scott into the city of Mexico. The propeller Washington has arrived, having left Vera Cruz on the 22d ult.-not 25th and Brazos on the 27th. The brig Mary so late as the Massachusetts-Tampico on the Jane has also arrived from Tampico, having left there on the 26th ult. So far as we can learn, tion whatever of Gen. Scott's victory. Letters the latest accounts from Tampico made no menof the 25th in abundance have been received in town from Tampico. They say not a word of the entrance said to have been made on the 17theight days previously.

It is clear that there was no such story current in Tampico. Private letters would have mentioned it, and Capt. Hussey, of the Mary Jane, would have heard of it. He heard nothing of Tampico and the capital have been interrupted the kind. How far communications between by the late expedition of Col. DeRussey, we have been unable to learn; we have no later Mexican papers by either of the arrivals. But even were the usual mail entirely broken up, it fall of the capital must inevitably have reached would seem as if so important an event as the Tampico in eight or nine days, transmitted "from

mouth to mouth."

The National finds a confirmation of the news of its extra in a letter from the Brazos of the tory had been read to the troops at Matamoros on 27th, which says that an account of Scott's vicparade the evening of the 26th. At Galveston they had the same report the 30th, brought by a vessel which left the Rio Grande n the 26th. prevalence at Matamoros on the 26th, and the How far the original rumor is confirmed by its absolute silence in regard to it at Tampico the same day, every reader can judge by a glance at the map.

Production and consequent traffic have thus far We have taken some pains to follow to their sources many reports in relation to Gen. Soott's greatly exceeded the commercial facilities that position. We still incline to the belief that he have been created. Take our harbor for an illus- did not march from Puebla before the 15th. By tration. If all the projects that have been devis- the map most in vogue Puebla is eighty-seven ed for its improvement and extension were atonce miles from the capital, and we do not believe that his march will be entirely unopposed. We undertaken and vigorously prosecuted, they would have thus barely indicated some points which the not be found more than sufficient when comple-reader will consider in forming his opinion. It is

now supposed that our next intelligence from Vera Cruz will be brought by the Fashion. She left here on Thursday, the 224 ult., for that port, and should there be intelligence of importance to be communicated, it is thought she would return

at once.

From the Army of Gen. Taylor. The propeller Washington, from Vera Cruz and Tampico, tonched at the Brazos on the 27th, ult. and received a mail from the army of Gen. Taylor.

The American flag of the 24th ult. contains not a word of any interest here.

Passengers from Matamoros, who came over on the Washington, tell us that the day that they left that city news was received there by Mexican merchants that Gen. Scott had had an action with the Mexicans at Rio Frio and defeated them totally, with a loss on his part of three hundred men. This news the Bee says was read at the head of the troops at Matamoros.

We presume this was done on the 26th-the day before the Washington left the Brazos. Gen. Scott entered Mexico on the 17th ult., this would give niue days for the news to reach Matamoros-a distance of 250 leagnes by the way of San Louis Potosi and the Tula pass. The time is amply sufficient for the transmission of the news. But we have accounts to the 26th from Tampico also, which is several hundred miles nearer the capital, and yet not a word of Gen.

Scott's victory.

Furthermore, our correspondent at Monterey, writing on the 13th, says they had received a rumor there that Gen. Scott had defeated a very large force, under Santa Anna near the city of Mexico. This was a Mexican rumor, and very possibly was as authentic as the one which reached Matamoros a few days later.

Correspondence of the N. O. Picayune.
MONTEREY, Mexico, July 13, 1847.

Intelligence was received here a few days since from San Luis, via Saltillo, that Gen. Scott had met a very large force under Santa Anna, near the city of Mexico, and defeated them. It is reported here that Maj. Chevalie, of the Texas Rangers, met with a serious accident a few days since at Saltillo, from which it is feared he will not recover. He was about starting for Parras, and while on horseback was taken with a fit and fell to the ground, receiving severe injuries This may delay the expedition to Parras for some days. Gen. Cushing proceeds tomorrow morning to Saltillo to take command of his brigade, or such portion of it as is in the field there.

The inhabitants of Monterey seem to be gradually returning to the city.. At mass in the cathedral on Sunday morning there were full four hundred able-bodied men upon their knees, and neurly as many women and children.

A rumor is current here today, brought in by a Mexican, that a party which started from here day before yesterday morning, numbering something like twenty, were attacked near Agua Frio, nearly half their number killed. on their way down, by a party of rancheros, and

The party consisted of Col. Reuben Davis, 2d Mississippi regiment, Capt. Davis, assistant quartermaster U. S. A., and others. I place little confidence in the report, as it comes from a Mexjean source, although the informant most posifively avers that he saw six dead bodies himself. [This rumor was totally false-all the parties meetioned arrived here today.] The health of the city is good-at Saltillo not so good as it has been, the North Carolina and Mississippi troops suffering severely from diarrhea.

Very late from Oregon and California.

Among the passengers last night on board the Tributary, from St. Joseph, were Messrs. Shaw and Bolder, direct from Oregon. They left the The day we started for Mamalequi an interest-frontier settlement of that country on the 5th of ing incident occurred at Gen. Taylor's camp. A May, and arrived at St. Joseph on the 27th ult., Mexican lady residing in Monterey drove up to having made the trip in eighty-three days. The the general's tent, accompanied by three young company to which they were attached, was comchildren, two girls and a boy, and solicited advice posed of niucteen persons, three or four of whom from him. She said she was extremely anxious stopped on the route. They met with little diffithat her children should be properly and thorough-culty on the route, except from the Pawnees, who ly educated at some good institution in the United States, and particularly that they should be taught the English language, and she was desirous of taking them herself to the United States for that purpose, but being totally unacquainted there, wished the advice of some competent per as to what course she should pursue.

The general gave her good advice, and promised her conveyance and escort to the Brazos by the next train that goes down. She appeared to be a very intelligent and lady-like person, and of very pleasing manners. A happy thing would it be for Mexico if she had a few more such mothers as this one-quickly would her destiny be changed.

levied contributions upon them, in the shape of clothes, tobacco, a few mules, &c. Their danger might have been more serious had it not been for the intervention of an old chief, who gave them the protection of forty of his warriors for a fifteen miles race, and then deemed their services of suf ficient value to enforce a further contribution.

These gentlemen inform us, that the emigrants to California and Oregon were making very handsome progress, being some twenty-five days ahead of the time usually occupied by the emigrants. One company, Davidson's, was met at Big Sandy, and two at Green River. The Mormous, with six hundred and seventy-six wagons, were met at the forks of the Platte, on their route Everything is perfectly quiet here, but I sup- to California. The Twelve Apostles, as they are pose Dr. Lushington will be on hand this after-called, were at Fort Bridger, and it was undernoon, creating some little confusion, as the five companies of the Massachusetts regiment are to be paid off today.

The unruly ones were taught a pretty severe lesson on Sunday last. Six or eight had been tried by courtmartial for drunkenness, disobedience of orders, and offences of that character, and they received their sentence in presence of the battalion. One sergeant was reduced to the Tanks, and the rest were sentenced to do police duty and wear a bail and chain, for varions periods of from one week to one month. It will do a world of good if followed up properly.

stood that the Mormons would not proceed, this season, further than the neighborhood of the Salt Lake. All the emigrants, as we have said, were getting along very well.

At Fort Hall, these gentlemen met with Mr. Samuel Bracuan, and four others, who had arrived there for the purpose of piloting the emigrants on the route to California. From Mr. Brannan, who is described as the editor of the "California Star," they obtained information up to the 25th of Msy-the most important of which is, that Col. Fremont had been placed under arrest by Gen. Kearny, for disobedience of orders,

and ordered to the United States for trial. He either had left, or would leave immediately, for the States. Commodore Stockton was also on his way home. The American fleet was engaged in operations against Mazatlan, Acapulco and other towns in Lower California, and the troops had been ordered in the same direction. Gen. Kearny, it was understood, would leave for California in time to reach home in September. Things were not in a very quiet er settled condi

tion.

an official copy of the treaty, after its ratification, was then received. The Spectator says: "What we published in our last, as purporting to be the treaty, proves to be such, although we doubted it at the time. We can say nothing for the document, but much against it. It certainly, in our estimation, can never be popular with the great body of the Americans in Oregon. We shall wait anxiously to see how this singular circumstance can be accounted for at home, and how this surprising and unconditional surrender of right will be justified."

D. E. White, Indian Agent for the Oregon Territory, who was in the States in the early portion of last year, and took his departure for Oregon in July or August, by the way of Panama, had not reached Oregon City when these gentlemen left, and fears were entertained for his safety.

We ought to have stated, yesterday, that all the persons composing the family of the Douners, of Springfield, Ill., perished in the California mountains, last winter.

These gentlemen add, if possible, to the horror of the accounts heretofore received in relation An election was to be held, on the first Monday to the sufferings of the emigrating parties which of June, for Governor, county officers, and memfailed to reach California last winter. Seventy-bers of the Legislature. A. L. Lovejoy is an three of them perished in the snow, and from nounced as a candidate for Governor. famine, and the living survived only by feasting on their dead companions. Among the number of this unfortunate party was a miscreant, by the name of Keysberg, who left the States in Col. Russell's company. He had a wife with him, and contrived, at the extremity of their sufferings, to send her to the California settlements, when relieved by persons who went out to aid them. This villian remained behind to rob the dead and living of their property. A family of the name of Donner, of Springfield, Ill., was robbed by him of about $4,000, which he cached NEW YORK, Aug. 16th-7 P. M. along with other spoils. He. was suspected, We have arrivals but no later news from Mexthreatened, and finally preparations were made ico. Santa Anna is in effect Dictator, a quorum to haug him up, and then he disclosed the places, of the National Congress cannot be got together. where the money was to be found. To add to A council of Generals hope to await Gen. Scott's the enormity of his offences, he is said to have march instead of marching upon him. Money boasted of having lived, for a time, upon the to support the army is collected with extreme difdead body of Mrs. George Donner, even when ficulty. Santa Anna is said to have 23,000 men provisions were within his reach. Other enor- and near 100 pieces of artillery in the capital. mities are told of this devil incarnate, but he survived them all and was employed in the army at the last accounts. The whole of the family of Reeds, connexions of the Douners, has reached Sutter's settlement in safety, after enduring almost incredible sufferings.

It was the expectation of these gentlemen to be accompanied from Oregon by Commodore Drake, of the British ship Modeste, Mr. John J. Campbell, and perhaps others. But as they failed to meet them at the time appointed, at Fort Hall, this party traveled slowly, in the hope of being overtaken by them. This they did not do; and they are probably some fifteen days be hind. As the party is small, the Pawnees may, it is feared, deal roughly with them, should they be met by them.

Regarding the affairs of Oregon, we have been able to obtain no news which would interest this section of the country.

flag were allowed to go as far as Rio Frio. CanCol. Harney and his Dragoons with a white anlizo and the Mexican soldiers were so frightened at the sight of him as to run away leaving their private baggage behind.

Gen. Alinote has been sent off with but one day's notice to take command of Tulacingo, which his friends call a persecution. Filizola was between Durango and Saltillo, with 1,000 men, supposed to be watching for Gen. Taylor. of Ibarra. Pacheco is Minister of foreign relations, in place

Tampico news to 30th ult, is received.

Russy's expedition, is alive.
Lieut. Tannahill supposed to be killed in De

Prisoners doing well.

It is said Gen. Garay has 14 prisoners-20 fewer than reported were killed. Garay has 3,000 men within 10 miles of Tampico. He cuts off nearly all supplies from the country and has stopThe Republican of the next day adds the fol-ped interior trade. The U. S. Schooner Petrel lowing:

The gentlemen who have recently arrived from Oregon have placed at our disposal a file of the Oregon Spectator, from March 4th, to April 29.h. They are filled with discussions upon the relative merits of particular routes of travel, and matters purely local in their character.

We notice the appointment of J. Quinn Thornton, formerly of this State, and more recently of Quincy, Ill., to be Supreme Judge of Oregon territory, vice P. H. Burne, resigned.

William Hibbert, lately of Illinois, died at Oregon City on the 10th of March.

The Oregon Treaty does not appear to have been at all acceptable to the Spectator, or to any portion of the people of Oregon. Several versions of the treaty were received there, but the trae one, which was received in the St. Louis Republican, of the 30th of July, was less acceptable than any of the others. Doubts were loudly expressed of its genuineness, but these doubts finally gave way, about the middle of April, as

with increased armament and a detachment of marines passed up the Panuco on the 29th, supposed to intimidate Garay's men, and prevent interception of despatches from Gen. Taylor.

Some Louisiana volunteers have been stealing cartridges and selling them to the Mexicans for 12 cts. each. The troops were healthy.

INDICTED FOR MANSLAUGHTER. The grand jury of the Court of Sessions indicted, yesterday, H. L. Kellogg, captain of the steamboat Niagara, and Hosea Birdsell, the engineer of the said boat, both of whom are indicted for manslaughter in the third degree, in causing the death of two firemen of the above boat, and scalding several of the passengers, by carrying too much steam, which blew up the steam chest, thereby causing the loss of life and limb. Capt. Fairchild of the 8th ward, arrested, yesterday, Hosea Birdsell, the engineer, on a benca warrant, issued by the court of Sessions, on the bove charge, and the court held him to bail in the sum of $5030.—N. Y. II

Rise!

BY T. BUCHANAN READ.

Who are ye who sit and murmur

O'er your grievance hard and loag!
Who are ye whose necks are trodden
By the iron foot of wrong?
Wear ye not God's nighty image!
Rise! assert it, and be strong!

Can ye see your wives and children
Under old oppressions cower
And not feel your right arm aching
With the fulless of their power?
Rise! a life of idle groaning

Is not worth one well wrought hour'

Able bodied, idle minded!

Do you weep beneath your pain!
Or, with empty cant of Freedom,
Do ye stagger with your chain!
Hear ye not your weaker brother!
Rise! or wear the curse of Cain!

Will ye sit in dust and ashes,
Gazing on the proud and great!
Know ye not that soul and sinew
Must achieve their own estate!
Rise! to action-or in garrets
Dream, and so deserve your fate!
Are ye Freemen-Freemen truly
Do ye act as Freemen do?
Are your rulers not your leaders!
Are they many, are you few!

Rise! with purpose firm, and teach them
They must first be ruled by you.

Unto you belongs the vessel,
And the freedom of the sea;
Will you hear your servants dictate
What her freight or laws shall be!
Rise! and hurl their errors over,

Like the worthless chest of tea!

Also, by the same, Mr. WM. VAN BRANT and Miss CAROLINE SHAVER, all of this city.

At Esen, on the eth instant, by Wells, Esq., Mr. SAMUEL LAKE, of McHenry county, Illinois, and Miss SYLPHINA PIERCE, of Boston, in this county.

In Rochester, on the 5th inst., by Rev. Mr. Ball, Mr. JAMES M. GANSON, of this cry, and Miss NANCY S., daughter of ira Belden, of Roeliester.

DIED.

This morning, 11th instant, CHARLES M. COOPER, Esq., son of Joseph and Hannali Cooper, aged $2 years. On the Hith instant, of consumption, Miss MARIA SHUMWAY, aged 22 years.

In this city, on the 12th inst., at the residence of I. T. Hathaway, in the 17th year of her age, Miss MARY N., daughter of Doct. James and Catliarine A. Billings, of Batavia.

Last evening, Miss PARTHENIA BEARD, aged 31 years. At the residence of her father, at Cold Spring, on the morning of the 13th instant, SUSAN MARIA, daughter of William Hodge, Esq., aged 21 years.

At Hamburgh, on the 10th inst., GEORGE PATTERSON GARDNER, son of Capt. Charles Gardner, aged years.

BUFFALO MUSICAL INSTITUTE FOR YOUNG
LADIES.

At the residence of Prof. W. R. Coppock-Composer and
Teacher of the Piano Fort, Organ, Singing and
Composition.

An institute devoted exclusively to Musical Education is not yet common in this country; but m Europe the test of experience fully shows its great advantages over the too general superficial manner in which this important part of polite education is acquired. The advan. tiges this institution offers to those desirous of completing their studies as Organists- or practical players of the Pono Forte, together with a thorough system of imparting the same to others is fully established by the many precedents of the past 15 years. The pupils are constantly guarded in their practice, against all bad habits, and from the various atiges of progress they may be in, are continually stimulated to ellort and industry, by association with each other. The family too, are all players, and the theory is amusingly discussed, impressing its rules in a more piersing manner, and more lasting upon the ⚫nderstanding, than by the mere dry study of an elaborate book. Music is composed and arranged from time to time, showing the various style and harmonies analytically, and adapted for performance on severu Pianos at the same time. This teaches a thorough knowledge of counting, and dividing passages to ther given time. Voen miete is particn arly attended to, and when the pup 1 has a moderate share of talent, we besitate not to say, a correct and pleasing singer cau be made. The Piano Fortes used re all new, and of the finest quality, and every induce ment will be given to render the true spirit with we probie. The

LATEST FROM GROSSE ISLK-CONTINUED MORTALITY AMONG THE EMIGRANTS.-The Canadian papers continue to give distressing accounts of the morta ity among the emigrants reaching Canada. The Quebec Chronicle, of Tuesday, states that the latest intelligence from the Quar-Pro dcted Prof. Coppock, Boho antine station is gloomy in the extreme. We for sale, are informed upon the most reliable authority, that since the season commenced, the sickness has not been more severe or the circumstances more perplexing to those in authority, than at preseut.

ding is commodious, and has a ne gardea attached, with Green houses, Bathing rooms, &c, and is pletantly situatuated in Sever th

street, between Niagara Street, and the Fallerad road, and about mid-
way to Prospect hull

Terms made known uppon application at the last tute, or by mail,
Prof Coppock, keeps constantly a cho ce selection of P. to Fortis
Buffalo, August 3, 1847.

Prat

PRINTERS' FURNISHING WAREHOUSE.
WILLIAM PRESCOTT, Macturer of Prat.ng Ink, No. 6.
United States Hotel Block, Pearl :., Bado
Metal and Wood Type, Cards, and every other description of Puators
Materials constantly on hunt at New York prices, adding trausporta-
Also, le Agent for the sale of CJ Gayler's Pata Double,
and Improved Single Salamander Rock Sifes
REMOVAL.
WILLIAM J. MAY has removed to No. 274 Main St., in Kremlia
Stores, where he will be happy to see his old customers,
One price,
good goods, small profits and fair dealing, will always be the rule at
No 271
L017 3m.

tion The number in hospital yesterday was 2210. It was never so crowded, and the mortality is alarming. Captain Reid, of the Marquis of Breadalbane, died in hospital on the 7th, and the captain of the Virginius, the day after his arrival at Grosse Isle.

GREAT FIRE AT PORTLAND, ME.-The Telegraph of Saturday evening says there was a great fire at Portland about noon that day. It broke out in Foy's Twine Factory, and one hundred or more houses on Front street, and the same number on Cotton street, are reported as destroyed. We trust there is some exaggeration in the report.

MARRIED.

On the 12th instant, by J. G. Dickie, Esq., Mr. LEANDER STONE, and Misi SARAHI E. FURMAN.

On the 13th inst., by Rev. F. W: Graves, Capt. WM DRURY, and Miss MARGARET CARRU TITERS, all of this city.

In this elty, on the 15th inst., by Rev. F. W. Graves, Mr. JOEL M. FELLOWS, of Clay, Onondaga county. and Miss MARIA C. EASTWAY, of Eden, Eric county, N. Y.

CHEAP CASH BOOK STORE.

The subscriber, deler in Books and Stationery, at 18: Main Street, 4 doors above Seneca, keeps constantly on hand, an extensive stock, cmbricing the most valuable sections from Ancient and Mcder Literature and a general vorety of Thek g'ral, Chisar), 6.ft sad School Books, &e, še, The Am tours of Kiowie ze aud tel in the purchase of Books or St tonery are respectfully solicited to call. Pruit and Cap Paper at wholesale. Buffalo, Apr 20, 1847. F. W. BREYD.

JEWETT, THOMAS & CO.

PUBLISHERS, COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER BUILDINGS

MAIN STREET, BUFFALO. TERMS.-To mel subscribers. $1,50 per annum in advance, four coptes for 85,74, ten copies for $10,00. To city subscrioers who receive their papers from the carrier, $200. Me suos r.kers wid also be charge) $1,500 if payrient is not made ia advance.

No paper will be forentin ed until all arrearages are fa 3 except at the option of the publishers.

** All comaa facations must be post paid, in order to be taken from the Post Oe.

PRINTING AND BOOK BINDING nently and promptly exe cuted at prices as low as any other establishment.

Steam Press of Jewell, Thomas & Co.

LITERARY MESSENGER.

BUFFALO, SATURDAY, AUGUST 28, 1847.