The to enforce it by a physical seizure of his property or person. treaty provides, reciprocally, for the substitution of a judicial process for the primitive method of reprisal so far as concerned seizures by land or in harbour, and at the same time appoints penalties for violations of the treaty. The date is about 440 B.C. This tablet was found at Oeantheia (Galaxidi), and was formerly in the collection of Mr. Woodhouse at Corfu, but was not included among the antiquities received by the representatives of the Museum after Mr. Woodhouse's death in 1866; it was acquired by purchase in 1896. 3. Tablet, inscribed with a law passed by the Hypocnemidian or Eastern Locrians, regulating the status of certain colonists proceeding to Naupactos, a town of the Ozolian Locrians (near the entrance of the Gulf of Corinth). The document provides with great care for the religious privileges of the colonists when at home; defines and restricts their liability to taxation; arranges for the enforcement of debts due to the colony, in the mother country; provides for succession to property in the colony by heirs in the mother country, and vice versa, and makes various arrangements as to procedure. The date of the tablet must be previous to EGYKYAIAHE Fig. 72.-Ticket of Thucydides. It was 455 B.C., when Naupactos was occupied by the Athenians. found at Galaxidi, a town not far from Chaleion, which is mentioned at the end of the document as sending out a band of colonists subject to the same conditions. It was formerly in the Woodhouse collection, and was acquired, like the preceding, in 1896. 15. A herald's staff or caduceus, familiar as an attribute of the herald-god Hermes. This staff is shown by the inscription to have been that of the public herald of Longene in Sicily. 6-9. Tickets of Athenian jurymen (dicasts). Each ticket is inscribed with the name and deme of the owner, together with a letter indicating the number of his section, and usually with one or more stamped devices, including the owl of Athens. Thus, for example, No. 9 (fig. 72) has the name of Thucydides of the deme of Upper Lamptrae, of the (or 7th) section, together with the owl and a Gorgon's head. * 4, 5. Two tablets, containing decrees of Proxenia, granted by the city of Corcyra to one Dionysios, an Athenian, and Pausanias, an Ambrakiote (fig. 73). The Greek Proxenoi nearly corresponded * Θουκυδίδης Λαμπτ[ρεὺς] καθύπερθεν]. to modern consuls, being charged with the duty of assisting such citizens of the state they represented as needed their help. The tablet (4) appointing the Athenian is adorned at the head with the owl of Athens. In the shade above Case K is a bronze Etruscan helmet (fig. 74), with a Greek inscription recording that it was dedicated to Zeus by Hiero, son of Deinomenes (i.e. Hiero I., of Syracuse), and the Syracusans, as Tyrrhenian (booty) from Kymè. This helmet was BIARONOAEINOMENEOS Hiero Ἱάρων ὁ Δεινομένεος καὶ τοὶ Συρακόσιοι τῷ Δὶ Τύρ(ρ)αν ̓ ἀπὸ Κύμας. found at Olympia in 1817, and was presented to the Museum by King George IV. It is a relic of the battle fought at Kymè (Cumae, near Naples) in 474 B.C. The people of Kymè were hard pressed by the Etruscans, who had command of the sea. came to their aid with a fleet of warships and broke the Etruscan sea power, the battle of Kymè marking the turning point in the political history of Etruria. From the arms and treasure taken in the battle Hiero made the customary offering in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia. The Roman inscriptions include : 3016. A ticket for a distribution of public corn, reading Ant(onini) Aug(usti) Liberalitas) II. and Fru(mentatio) N(umero) LXI. It applies to the second imperial corn-largess (liberalitas or congiarium), and the 61st monthly dole (frumentatio) of one of the Antonine Emperors. 10. A military diploma of the Emperor Philip (246 A.D.). Marriage was not permitted to soldiers in the Roman army until they had completed their principal term of military service. They were then granted the jus conubii, or right of contracting a valid marriage, with the citizenship secured for their children, whatever the status of the mother. The present diploma grants this privilege to the veterans of certain cohorts, and in particular to one Tullius of Aelia Mursa, for whose use this copy of the general law exhibited at Rome was prepared. Found in Piedmont. Acquired in 1901. 902. A slave's badge, giving the name and address of the owner, Viventius-Tene me ne fugia(m) et revoca me ad_dom(i)nu(m) meu(m) Viventium in ar(e)a Callisti. Hold me, lest I escape, and take me back to my master Viventius in the area of Callistus.' Near the ticket are a scourge, with bronze beads on the lashes; a scourge handle, and a pair of fetters. See also a curious statuette of a dwarf slave, suffering the punishment of the cangue. The case also contains objects connected with money and currency: A part of a hoard of Athenian silver coins (fifth-fourth centuries B.C.), from Naucratis in Egypt; remains of a wooden box with imperial bronze coins from Pompeii (79 A.D.); a hoard of bronze coins (fourth and early fifth centuries A.D.), found in an earthenware pot in the Fayum (Egypt). Examples (in electrotype) of the chief Greek and Roman currencies. Folding implement of bone or ivory, supposed to be used for testing coins; also a collection of terracotta moulds for casting counterfeit coins. One piece shows the method of filling the moulds in series. The remaining half of the Table-case K (and the two pedestals adjoining) contain illustrations of Greek drama. The painted vases are: B 80, an early (sixth century) vase, showing in primitive form the tragic, comic and dithyrambic chori. B 509, a vase, of about 500 B.C., with actors dressed in bird costume, and a pipe-player. F 269. Crater with a wooden stage, and a contest of Ares and Hephaestos in the presence of Hera. An illustration of the later Italian comic stage, which was noted for farcical burlesques of tragic dramas, called Phlyakes. The subjects usually have something of a scenic setting, as here, with a built stage, and the figures wear comic masks. F 151. Burlesque rendering of the visit of the Centaur Cheiron to Delphi. The statuettes in terracotta and bronze are figures of actors (for the most part comic). Numerous terracotta representations of masks are also shown. [The upright stands, numbered I.-VIII., contain a series of select electrotypes from the Greek coins in the Department of Coins and Medals (central door). For the exhibitions of this Department see the Guide to the Department of Coins and Medals' (6d.).] THE ITALIC ROOM.* The two bays on the right and left of the Bronze Room door are devoted to Italic and early Etruscan antiquities. The term Italic' is applied to the products of primitive Italian culture on both sides of the Apennines. This was a branch of the European Bronze Age civilization, and in its earlier stages the influence of Greece and the East is either non-existent or For the pottery see the Catalogue of Vases, Vol. I., Part II. (1912), by H. B. Walters (£1). For the bronzes see the Catalogue of Bronzes (1899), by H. B. Walters (30s.). Copies can be borrowed for use in the room, feeble. The Etruscan antiquities here shown are those which have a distinctive national character. On the West or Italic side of the room : In Table-case A, Italian bronzes, for the most part of an early period. Two curious groups (in the Table-case and in Wall-case 7) with ploughing scenes are undoubtedly of an early date. The metal baseboards, however, on which the groups are arranged are modern, and the details of the arrangement are therefore conjectural. The Wall-case 1. Archaic pottery from a tomb at Falerii. large caldron on the stand is decorated with four Gryphons' heads as well as with white paint. The Gryphon type was adopted from Assyria by European art long before it had acquired mythological significance among the Greeks. A large quantity of pottery, similar in character to that shown here, has been excavated in recent years at Falerii, and is now exhibited in the Papa Giulio Museum at Rome. In the upper part of Cases 2-4 are groups of antiquities, such as brooches, amber beads, and the like, from tombs in the valley of the Ticino. Cases 2-6 (below). Primitive Italian pottery, from early sites, such as Albano. Cases 5-6. Early bronze work of the primitive period, including a series of perforated and engraved disks, work in twisted bronze wire, horse trappings, etc. Case 7. Early bronze vessels. Among them, part of a very early caldron with Gryphon-head handles. scenes (see above, Case A). THE ART OF THE ETRUSCANS. The people who were called by the Romans Etrusci, or Tusci, by the Greeks Tyrseni or Tyrrheni, by themselves Rasena, and by us Etruscans, principally occupied the region bounded by the Apennines, the Tiber and the Gulf of Corsica. The affinities of the Etruscans in respect of race and language are still uncertain. As regards the latter, we have a large number of inscriptions, written in an alphabet slightly different from the Greek, and but little else. The inscriptions are mainly taken up with names of persons and bilingual documents are scarce. For these reasons the known vocabulary and facts of grammar are at present very incomplete, and no connection with any known language has yet been validly established. The Etruscans made their appearance in Italy at an early period in history. Until recently the view was widely held that they must have entered Italy from the north, and have adopted and continued the Italic culture which they found in the valley of the Po. It has, however, lately been argued with force that the old tradition (recorded by Herodotus) that they were an immigrant race, coming by sea from Asia Minor, is historically accurate, and |