By a refinement of torture, she had been released from the Abbaye only to be re-arrested that same hour. At the Pélagie, only a thin partition separated her from low assassins and depraved equanimity. women, foul language and revolting spectacles being ever present to her senses and imagination.

It was here that she wrote her mar- sion. After an eloquent defence from vellous and unique memoirs, in which her, she was sentenced to be guilloshe described her infancy, life, and the tined. political career of her husband, and comments on the fate of France, her friends, and the prisoners around her. These wonderful memoirs were written in twenty-two days, and were entirely without revision on her part.

Champagneux wrote the preface to gantic statue of Liberty, when she the second edition. The original man-exclaimed : – uscript is now in the Bibliothèque Impériale in Paris.

Both

tory of Buzot's life, which she had | ture of mica; whilst the latter has a written in prison. similar structure and texture, but with "Buzot will live in the remembrance the orthoclase or potash-felspar of a white instead of a red color. varieties of granite have a medium grain, take a fine polish, and whilst admirably suited for ornamental purposes, are eminently serviceable in the arts owing to their durability and strength.

of men of worth," she wrote; but that which chiefly commends him to the notice of posterity is the fact that he was beloved by the great and good Madame Roland.

M. DALE.

From Chambers' Journal.
ITALIAN GRANITE.

The principal quarries are situated on the western shore of Lago Maggiore, whose scenery is well known to all lovers of the picturesque. A feaITALIAN marble has long been ture of interest is the mode of working known in this country, and the trade adopted, which consists in detaching carried on in its import has attained to enormous masses of granite by huge considerable dimensions; whilst, curi- blasts. At the Monte Grassi quarry, in ously enough, the granite resources of 1885, a charge of six tons of gunpowItaly have for some reason been almost der was fired by electricity; whilst four entirely overlooked, and Italian granite months later, a similar blast, with eight has remained to the present day almost and a half tons of the same explosive, entirely ignored in the United King- was carried out. It was, however, in dom. Under these circumstances, the the autumn of 1886 that a monster attempts now being made to place Ital- blast was executed, when seventeen ian granite on the British markets, and tons of blasting-powder and half a ton to render it a commercial and eco- of Nobel dynamite were exploded nomic success, call forth considerable simultaneously, displacing something interest, and have induced us to lay like five hundred thousand cubic yards before our readers some succinct ac- of granite; while some twenty or count of what may with justice almost be described as a new product in our industries, together with some brief notes of its mode of occurrence in Italy and the methods in which it is quarried and worked.

thirty blocks, ranging from one thousand to six thousand five hundred cubic yards each, were carried fully three hundred yards by the explosion. So much interest attached to these phenomenal blasts, that in the interests of science the Italian ministry of war deputed a major of engineers to be present and to fully report thereon.

The most important seat of the granite industry in Italy is the group of quarries in the province of Novaro, situated around Baveno and Alzo. Here not only is the quarrying of the granite carried on, but the turning, polishing, and general execution of all work in connection with the finished product is also performed. The granite of the district is of two distinct classes- red and white or grey granite. The former, according to a report tion. by Professor James Geikic. who has, Another famous quarry in this disafter a careful megascopic and micro-trict is the white quarry of Alzo, situscopic examination, pronounced an ated on the western shore of Lago opinion on the rocks which form the d'Orta, a small lake some nine miles in subject of this article is composed in a westerly direction from Lago Magnearly equal proportions of felspar and giore. This granite takes a high polquartz, with a relatively small admix-ish, is that employed in the construction

The position of this quarry on a mountain side attaining an altitude of about two thousand feet is particularly advantageous, as the material descends by the action of gravity to the finishing and polishing works below, whence it passes to the harbor adjoining the works, and is shipped to its destina

-

of the docks at Spezzia, as well as in with the working of Italian granite is the famous St. Gothard Tunnel. A the cheap cost of production. Wages brief examination of old buildings in are low in northern Italy, and the the district bears abundant testimony wants of the workers being few and to the durability of the granite under the necessaries of life cheap, both consideration. skilled and unskilled labor is readily obtainable at lesser rates than rule in other granite-producing countries.

No better evidence of the power of Italian granite to resist the ravages of time can be adduced than by mention- Viewing the cheapness of labor, the ing the famous palace on the "Isola unlimited stores of granite, and the Bella," which was erected in the six- easy methods of transport by means of teenth century by Cardinal Borromeo water, there appears little doubt that with granite from Monte Grassi. This Italian granite will ere long force its spot forms a favorite resort of tourists way to the front, and by enabling all in north Italy; and the material of the persons in this country to obtain supold palace, though exposed for over plies of an unequalled building matethree centuries to the great extremes rial at low rates, will confer lasting of heat and cold here found, exhibits benefits on architectural engineering no signs of weathering or decay. and kindred industries, and through

A feature of interest in connection these on the public generally.

starved, poorly clad, worn out with long
marching, many already weakened by dys-
entery and other diseases, and all mentally,
depressed, as an army in defeat always is.
It needed, therefore, no very unusual de-
gree of cold to produce the psychic effects
observed under other circumstances only
as a consequence of exposure to an extreme
low temperature.
Medical Record,

THE EFFECTS OF INTENSE COLD UPON | Others showed more pronounced symptoms THE MIND. - Extreme cold, as is well of mental disturbance, and not a few beknown, exerts a benumbing influence upon came incurably insane, the type of their the mental faculties. Almost every one insanity resembling very closely senile who has been exposed, for a longer or dementia. The cold was probably not shorter period, to a very low temperature alone responsible for these effects, for a has noted a diminution in will power, and zero temperature is rather stimulating than' often a temporary weakening of the mem- | paralyzing in its action upon the well fed ory. Perhaps the largest scale upon which and the healthy. These men were half this action has ever been studied was during the retreat of the French from Moscow. The troops suffered extremely from hunger, fatigue, and cold- from the latter perhaps most of all. A German physician who accompanied a detachment of his countrymen has left an interesting account of their trials during this retreat. From an abstract of this paper by Dr. Rose, in the New Yorker Medicinische Monatschrift, we find that of the earliest symptoms referable to the cold was a loss of memory. This was noted in the strong as well as those who were already suffering from the effects of the hardships to which they had been exposed. With the first appearance of a moderately low temperature (about five degrees above zero Fahrenheit), many of the soldiers were found to have forgotten the names of the most ordinary things about them, as well as those of the articles of food, for the want of which they were perishing. Many forgot their own names and those of their comrades.

PAPER DUTY ABOLISHED. - What demand there may be for production of literature in Jamaica, or what effect may be expected, we know not, but are glad to see that in that island the duty on printing paper, formerly twelve and a half per cent., has been abolished, as well as all duty levied on writing or wrapping paper. hope the change will mark an epoch in the progress of the old colony which has so interesting a history.

We

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I yet, in the tree-shaded path, hear the Is suddenly arrested by detectives from the

But he said to me wonderful, wonderful And persons in the Argosy for gold in

His eyes, that are like the skies over us, Or interview physicians brought to light

As he beams on his mistress, the earth, in "Here lies a man who perished from too