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ia painful disputes with his Moonshees and Pundits, who enter tained strong prejudices against the truths of Christianity; in these disputes he found the necessity of watching over his temper, which was naturally irritable; and he observes-"If any qualification is necessary for a missionary in India, it is wisdom, operating in the regulation of his temper, and in the improvement of opportunities." This may prove a useful hint to future missionaries.

In the month of March, 1808, that great work for which myriads in ages yet to come, will gratefully remember and revere his name-the version of the New Testament into Hindoostanee, was completed. In reference to this work, he thus wrote to a friend: "I have read and corrected the manuscript copies of my Hindoostanee New Testament so often, that my eyes ache. The heat is terrible, often at 98°, the night insupportable!"

Mr. Martyn now applied with great assiduity, and with the help of Sabat, (an able man, who unhappily became an apostate from Chritianity) to the translation of the New Testament into the Persian language.

Early in the year 1809, he was removed from his station at Dinapore to Cawnpore.* This arrangement was, in many respects, unpleasant to him; he had new acquaintances to form, and the same dificulties as at Dinapore to procure a suitable place of worship. Here we find him, at one time, preaching to a 1000 soldiers, drawn up in a hollow square, when the heat was so great, although the sun had not risen, that many actually dropped down, unable to support it.

The close of this year was distinguished by the commencement of his public labours among the heathen; they were chiefly mendicants. To the temporal and spiritual necessities of these wretched beings, Mr. M. continued to minister whilst his health permitted. But in the midst of his numerous exertions, an attack of a severer pain in the chest than he had ever before experienced, convinced him of the necessity of some quiet and remission. Whilst deliberating on this point, Mr. Corrie, then on his journey to Agra, providentially called, and undertook part of the duty. Yet such was the sinking state of his health, that a removal from this station, or a sea voyage, became a matter of urgent necessity. The adoption of the latter expedient, he at one time reluctantly determined upon, but other scenes were appointed for him by the holy providence of God. His help was wanted for a necessary improvement of the Persian Version of the New Testament, and he magnanimously resolved to go into Arabia and Persia, to effect this, as well as to finish the Arabic version.t

Cawnpore is situated on the west side of the Ganges, in the upper part of that vast plain which extends from the Bay of Bengal to the northern mountains approaching Tibet. It is 49 miles S. W. of Lucknow. Here are barracks for a brigade of the company's troops.-See C. H. Vol. VI. p. 209.

When Mr. Brown was informed of Mr. Martyn's purpose, he thus wrote to him ;

On the 1st of October, he departed from Cawnpore, and sailing down the Ganges, he reached Aldeen, the residence of Mr. Brown, on the last day of the month. Restored after an absence of four years, to an intercourse with his friends, who, on beholding his pallid countenance, and enfeebled frame, knew not whether most to mourn or to rejoice. Mr. M. partook largely of that pure and refined happiness, which is peculiar to one of his vivid feelings, and heavenly affections, in that society where the name of the Redeemer is an ointment poured forth.

(To be concluded in our next.)

REVIEW.

Memoirs of the Rev. Samuel J. Mills, late Missionary to the southwestern section of the United States, and Agent of the American Colonization Society, deputed to explore the coast of Africa. By GARDINER SPRING, D. D. Pastor of the Brick Presbyterian Church, in the city of New-York. New-York, published by the "New-York Evangelical Missionary Society," 1820. Svo. pp. 247. $1.

(Continued from p. 748, of Vol. VI.)

The grand object to which Mr. Mills devoted his life, at the carly age of (probably) 21 years, and which he pursued with singular wisdom, discretion, and success, till his death, was the salvation of the heathen. From the first, and as he pursued his object even in the earliest stages of pursuit, he seems to have exercised along with an ardent zeal, great maturity of judgment. Though he had attained to man's estate, he did not precipitate himself unprepared upon the work, but devoted himself to a preparation which required many years; and, as he pursued that preparation according to the dictates of his judgment, his heart still continued warm, his resolution firm. From the beginning, he was steadily and actively engaged in that cause to which he designed finally to be devoted. Our author has, therefore, very judiciously presented before us his example through his whole preparatory course, as no less important and interesting, than that which he exhibited after entering upon the public stage. During his collegiate life at William's college, he was, by the blessing of God, preparing the agents, by whose instrumentality afterwards, the great work might be commenced and carried on. Among them we know, were Mr. Hall, of Bombay, Mr. Rich-"But can I then bring myself to cut the string and let you go? I confess I could not, if your bodily frame was strong, and promised to last for half a century. But as you burn with the intenseness and rapid blaze of heated phosphorus, why should we not make the most of you? Your flame may last as long, and perhaps longer in Arabia than in India. Where should the phoenix build her odoriferous nest but in the land prophetically called, 'the blessed;' and where shall we ever expect, but from that country, the true Comforter to come to the nations of the east? I contemplate your New estament springing up, as it were, from dust and ashes, but beautiful as the wings dove covered with silver, and her feathers like yellow gold."

ards of Ceylon, and Mr. Rice, the present agent of the Baptist Board of Missions, by whose immediate instrumentality all the Baptist churches in the Union, have been united in one great and efficient society.

When he entered upon his theological studies at Andover, he manifested the same fixed determination, the same unabated zeal; and was enabled to rally to his standard many who are now occupied abroad in the spread of the gospel. It does not appear that Mr. Mills was the instrument of first bringing the subject before those students at Andover, whose names are associated with his in the first public effort, two of whom are now labouring among the natives of the east; but it is certain that his unwearied and steady efforts eminently promoted that combination and union which finally led to great results. In bringing the matter fairly before the churches, and in setting the business of missions actually forward, there was the active agency of another, who commenced his efforts some time before the arrival of Mr. Mills at Andover, and whose agency was ever after, as active, steady, and efficient; we mean Mr. Judson, now a useful and laborious missionary at Rangoon in the Burman empire.

In remarking upon the exertions of the "American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions," the author makes one or two mistakes. The bequest of Mrs. Norris did not immediately. relieve the Board from embarrassment; it was a long time in doubtful litigation, and at the time that it was resolved to make an effort to send out the first missionaries in 1812, the treasury contained not more than one hundred dollars; and even at the ordination, enough had not been collected to advance a half year's salary to the missionaries. Nevertheless, before their departure from Salem and Philadelphia, which took place in a few days, enough was obtained to send them forth with ample supplies. Thus, by the blessing of God, the faith of those who went forth, and of those who sent them, was abundantly rewarded.

There is also a mistake of some importance in the account of the departure of the missionaries. The second company did not sail in October 1812, but in October 1815: the war had intervened, many difficulties and trials had been met and overcome, and peace again restored, before the second effort was made. We cannot account for this mistake, as the author speaks (p. 58) of the ordination of the same missionaries, at Newburyport, Mass. as having taken place June 21st, 1815.

Though it is not in the order of time, we think this the proper place to notice another great institution for spreading the gospel among the heathen, whose origin was intimately connected with Mr. Mills' efforts; we mean the "United Foreign Missionary Society." This institution is just now commencing its active operations, and it is, we trust, destined to unite the zeal and energies of

the west and south, in missions to the heathen. Thus, in intimate connexion with the designs of Mr. Mills, there are established, in different sections of our country, two great associations, which, by harmony of feeling and design, and by a persevering devotedness to their object, may accomplish great things among the Pagans of our own continent and the world.

The author's account of Mr. Mills' acquaintance with Obookiah, a native of the Sandwich Islands, well illustrates his devotedness to the cause, and his readiness to embrace every opportunity of promoting it; and, in the final results, the "Foreign Mission School," and the mission sent forth with the fairest prospects to the native island of that forlorn and friendless boy, who found shelter, and protection, and support, under the patronage of Mr. Mills, we see a cheering instance of divine favour, to an exertion of pious charity which had little promise of extensive benefit. Though the subject was a poor, afflicted heathen, it is now seen to have been a charity of great importance to the progress of religion. Though he sickened and died before an effort could be made in behalf of his countrymen, the kindness and the care which he received, prepared the way for the reception of others into the school, and for the final departure of a Christian mission to his native island.

It is a very interesting part of the biographical sketch which our author has presented us, in which he notices Mr. Mills' efforts in behalf of the destitute among our own countrymen, particu larly in the distant regions of the west and south.

There is a puzzling confusion of dates here, which it is not easy to account for. His ordination occurred (p. 58) June 21st, 1815. Shortly after this event, (p. 59) "he began to make preparation for a missionary tour through the western and southern sections of the United States." Now we have no knowledge of a tour subsequently to this period, nor does our author inform us of any, but shortly states, that he performed two separate tours, "the first in the years 1812 and 1813, and the last, in the years 1814 and 1815;" so that from the last he must have returned previously to his ordination. With this exception, this part of the narrative, which is principally compiled from Mr. Mills' journal, is exceedingly interesting. It is gratifying to perceive in this devoted friend of the heathen, the equally devoted friend of those, who in a Christian land remain untaught and unreclaimed; and it is still more gratifying to perceive, that partly by the instrumentality of Mr. Mills, partly by the impulse which the undertaking of foreign missions has given to the public mind, so much has been undertaken, and so much devised of late, to teach and to reclaim the ignorant and sinful, in the remotest recesses of our own land. We fear, that even yet, the wisest and most efficient measures within our reach have not been devised; but we will rejoice in the confidence, that while we have been

keeping the vineyards of others, we have taken more pains to cultivate our own. It would have been a foul stain, not upon those men who went forth to the heathen, for they could not labour in both spheres, but upon those who remained behind, if the undertaking of foreign missions had not been followed up by increased exertions amid our widely extended, destitute regions. And we shall yet incur a stain, unless, in imitation of our lamented Mills, we redouble, and again redouble our efforts, and studiously devise, and laboriously and extensively pursue, the most wise and efficient measures. A work of immense magnitude lies before us, and it will but increase, however great our exertions may be, until churches are erected, and ministers settled, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.

It is proper to notice in this place, that the "Evangelical Missionary Society" of this city, who are the proprietors of the work, have laboured particularly in the south and west, and we recommend it as still more worthy of public patronage, because the profits will doubtless enable them to continue and extend their labours.

(To be concluded.)

Intelligence.

WESTERN AFRICA-SIERRA LEONE.
Church Missionary Society.

The Appendix to the 19th Report of the Church Missionary Society, furnishes a great number of instances of the success of the great work of grace that is going on among the liberated negroes at this station, from which we shall here give a few extracts.

On the attendance of negroes on public worship, Mr. Johnson writes, "The Chief Justice, the Acting Governor, (the Governor being absent at the Gambia) Messrs. Mills and Burgess, American missionaries, and several officers of the African corps, with other gentlemen of Freetown, came this morning to divine service. The church was quite full. There were 1100 or 1200 people present. The missionaries were much delighted at the sight of so many black men and women, eager to hear the word of God. One said that nothing less than a miracle had been wrought at this place."

The

Of the first Sunday in September, it is said, "Divine service at half past ten o'clock. The first seats were filled at half past nine. Being a fine day, we were completely crowded; as, on fine days, we have generally strangers from other towns. vestry, the stairs of the gallery, the tower, and the windows, were all full. Some of the seats which were fixed in the passa ges broke down, being over-burdened. When I entered the church and saw the multitudes, I could hardly refrain myself, for my heart was full."

VOL. VII.

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