of France, lets loose upon Protestants fresh cution. censorship of the press, the levying of 1685. The revtaxes, and the control of the militia. ocation of the Edict of Nantes, Andros speedily made himself obnoxious by Louis XIV. to the colonists, who took no pains to conceal their indignation. By way of retaliation, Andros summoned both furies of perseRhode Island and Connecticut to surrender their charters; but his tyranny rillo. 1618-1685. Mucame to an end with the accession of 1688. James II. William to the English throne, by whom abdicates the he was summoned home. In New York English throne, and is succeeded one Jacob Leisler, a demagogue, put by William III. himself at the head of a force of disaf- and Mary II., Prince and fected citizens, seized the fort and the Princess of public funds, assumed the title and pow- Orange. ers of commander-in-chief, and attempted the subjugation of the entire province. After a brief exercise of his usurped authority, he was superseded by Henry Sloughter, sent over as Governor by King William, and was finally put to death as a traitor. 1689. King William's War. In this year the Indians joined the French in Canada in a war against the New England Colonies which continued for a number of years, and was the occasion of great sufferings to the settlers. Many frightful massacres occurred, and many settlers were carried into captivity. 1693. William and Mary College was founded this year, at Williamsburg, Virginia, making it next to Harvard the oldest college in the country. It was named for the English King and Queen. In this year also the Salem Witchcraft troubles began, the theory of which was that the devil made use of human confederates for the tormenting of people. These confederates were called witches. Within a few months some twenty persons in and about Salem were convicted of witchcraft and put to death, and many more suffered various other penalties. 1699. Louisiana. The attention of the French was promptly turned to the region which La Salle had explored and unsuccessfully attempted to settle, and Lemoine D'Ibberville was soon commissioned to plant a colony at the mouth of the Mississippi. He entered the river in March, being the first who had ever entered it from the sea; ascended it nearly to the mouth of the Red River, and founded a settlement where is now Biloxi in Mississippi. Shortly after the colony was removed to 1700. "New Style" of notation of time introduced in Germany, by dropping the last eleven days of February. the vicinity of Mobile. 1705. The Presbyterians. The first Presbyterian church on American soil was that of Snow Hill, Maryland, organized in 1690; but the first presbytery, that of Philadelphia, was not organized till 1705. A synod of four presbyteries was constituted in 1716, and in 1758 the American Presbyterian Churches united as one; holding in 1789 a General Assembly which represented 419 congregations with 188 ministers. 1702-1713. Queen Anne's War. This was the period of another savage warfare, in which the colonies were more or less generally involved; the Indians being in many cases instigated and supported by the French. It 1632-1704. John was in the course of this war that the Massachusetts village of Deerfield was 1707. England surprised by a force of French and Inand Scotland dians, almost all its buildings burned, united, under the title of and thirty-six of its inhabitants slain outright; while over a hundred were carried Locke. Great Britain. prisoners to Canada, some of them even being killed on the way. by the treaty of Gibraltar, Mi norca, Nova Sco 1711-1715. Indian War in the Carolinas. During these years the Tuscaroras and Corees made war upon the settlers 1713. Britain, along the coast of North Carolina, Utrecht, acquires creating much havoc in many villages. Scarcely had peace been concluded in tia, Newfoundthis quarter before the tribes further to land, and Hudthe south commenced hostilities, and South Carolina was involved in a conflict 1714. George I., of the House of which lasted several years longer. Brunswick, son's Bay. throne: head of 1715. The foundations of Natchez ascends the British and New Orleans are to be discerned the present line. about this time in the early settlements 1651-1715. of the French along the valley of the Fenelon. Mississippi. 1717. The Mississippi Bubble. John Law, a famous European speculator and stock-jobber, was chief agent in the organization of what was called "The Mississippi Company." This corporation 1689-1725. Peter secured for a long term of years a mo- the Great, sole nopoly of supposed great privileges in Emperor of RusLouisiana. As a consequence the stock 1642-1727. first went up to a fabulous price, and Sir Isaac Newthen came a disastrous explosion. sia. ton. 1729. Separation of the Carolinas. Up to this time North and South Carolina had existed as one province under the general superintendence of 1729. Appearthe same proprietors. But shortly ance of the Metho before a quarrel had broken out between the proprietors and the people, the re The dists at Oxford, sult of which now was that the former surrendered their charter to the king. North and South Carolina became separate provinces, each under its own royal government. 1732. The Birth of George Washington. George Washington was born February 22d (11th, Old Style) in Westmoreland County, Va., Parish Washington, near Pope's Creek. His father was a large landed proprietor, who traced his English ancestry back to the 12th century. 1733. Georgia. The territory which composes the present state of Georgia originally formed part of the Carolinas, but in this year was granted by George II. to a corporation for settlement under the title of the Colony of Georgia. In the autumn of this year, General Oglethorpe took out the first colony, consisting of about 120 persons, and in the year following founded Savannah. Oglethorpe at once established friendly relations with the Indians, and the colony entered on a prosperous career, though hostilities ensued with the Spanish settlers in Florida. The colony was visited at an early day by John Wesley and George Whitefield on religious errands. After Oglethorpe's final return to England in 1743, the colony entered on a period of adversity. Slavery, which had at first been interdicted, was introduced, and in 1752 the colony surrendered its charter and was erected into a royal province. 1733. The liberty of the press to discuss political measures was vindicated and established through the case of the "New York Weekly Journal,” published by one John Peter Zenger, which had dared to criticise some of the arbitrary acts of the Governor and Assembly in the imposition of taxes. 1734. The preaching of Jonathan Edwards, one of the most celebrated of American divines and metaphysicians, led to a very extensive revival of religion throughout the New England Colonies. It was in the course of this revival that he delivered his famous sermon on 66 ners in the Hands of an Angry God." Sin 1741. New Hampshire was finally separated from its connection with Massachusetts. 1745, 1746. 1744. King George's War. This war between the English colonies and the French broke out in Cape Breton in an attack by the French upon an English garrison, which was captured and Young Prince carried to the Fortress of Louisburg. Charles, grandThe following year the New England attempts to reson to James II., Colonies sent an expedition of several cover the British thousand men, under command of Wil- crown. Defeated at Culloden. liam Pepperell, to release the prisoners. 1753. Founding The expedition was successful and of the British Louisburg capitulated. It was restored Museum. to the French by the treaty of Aix la Chapelle in 1748, which marked the end of this war. 1755-1763. The Old French and Indian War. War again broke out between the French and English over the possession of the territory which now forms Ohio. The French held it, and resisted the en1755. Lisbon, trance of the English. In 1753, George Portugal, deWashington was sent by the Governor stroyed by an earthquake. of Virginia to protest against the course taken by the French. The protest was of no avail and hostilities began. General Braddock came over in 1755 to lead forward the English forces. In a 1756-1763. battle at Fort Du Quesne, where Pitts- "Seven Years' burg now stands, Braddock was deWar," between feated and slain. Washington succeeded to the command. Of two simultaneous expeditions toward the north, only one was successful. The war was however Prussia and 1757. The Eng- |