CHAPTER XIV.

ADMINISTRATION OF LINCOLN AND JOHNSON. Republican and Independent. Two Terms, 1861 to 1869.

1861. Hannibal Hamlin, Maine. Andrew Johnson, Tennessee.

1865.

SECRETARY OF STATE.

1861.

William H. Seward, New York.

SECRETARIES OF THE TREASURY.

1861. Salmon P. Chase, Ohio.

1864.

William Pitt Fessenden, Maine.

1865. Hugh McCulloch, Indiana.

SECRETARIES OF WAR.

1861. Simon Cameron, Pennsylvania.
1861. Edwin M. Stanton, Pennsylvania.
1867. Ulysses S. Grant, Illinois.
1868. John M. Scofield, Missouri.

SECRETARY OF THE NAVY.

1861. Gideon Welles, Connecticut.

SECRETARIES OF THE INTERIOR.

1861. Caleb B. Smith, Indiana.

1863. John P. Usher, Indiana. 1865. John Harlan, Iowa.

1866. Orville H. Browning, Illinois.

POSTMASTERS GENERAL.

1861. Montgomery Blair, Maryland.

1864. William Denison, Ohio.

1866.

Alexander W. Randall, Wisconsin.

ATTORNEYS GENERAL.

1861. Edward Bates, Missouri.

1864. James J. Speed, Kentucky.

1866. Henry Stanberry, Ohio.

1868. William M. Evarts, New York.

II. CHIEF JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT. 1864. December, Salmon P. Chase, Ohio.

III. SENATORS ELECTED PRESIDENTS PRO
TEMPORE OF THE SENATE.

1861. March, Solomon Foot, Vermont.
1865. March, Lafayette S. Foster, Connecticut.
1867. March, Benjamin F. Wade, Ohio.

IV. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESEN

TATIVES.

XXXVII. Congress, 1861, Galusha A. Grow, Penn.

V. THE NINETEENTH ELECTION.

Popular Vote: For President, Abraham Lincoln, Illinois, 1,866,352; Stephen A. Douglas, Illinois, 1,375,157; John C. Breckinridge, Kentucky, 845,763; John Bell, Tennessee, 589,581.

Electoral Vote: For President, Lincoln, 180; Breckinridge, 72; Bell, 39; Douglas, 12,

For Vice President, Hannibal Hamlin, Maine, 180; Joseph Lane, Oregon, 72; Edward Everett, Massachusetts, 39; Herschel V. Johnson, Georgia, 12. Total, 304. Thirty-three States voted.

VI. THE TWENTIETH ELECTION.

Popular Vote: For President, Abraham Lincoln, Illinois, 2,216,067; George B. McClelland, New Jersey, 1,808,725. Electoral vote: For President, Lincoln, 213; McClelland, 21. For Vice President, Andrew Johnson, Tennessee, 213; George H. Pendleton, Ohio, 21. Total, 234. Twenty-five States voted. The following States, on acconnt of the civil war, did not vote: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia.

VII. POPULATION AND REPRESENTATION. 1860. Whites, 26,957,471; Free Colored, 532,090; Slaves, 3,953,760. Total, 31,443,321. The ratio of Representation was determined at 127,316, making a membership of 242.

VIII. HISTORICAL RECORD.

1861.

March 4. The Inauguration of Lincoln and Hamlin. The President's Address was devoted to an appeal for union, and closed with these words: "You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government; while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it.' I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic cords of memory, stretching from every battle-field and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature."

March 4. The Texas State Convention, (the people by a majority of 40,000 being in favor of it), declared that State out of the Union.

March 28. The Louisiana State vote for secession, (ayes, 20,448; noes, 17,296), was made public. March 30. By a vote of 78 to 7 the Mississippi Convention ratified the Confederate Constitution. April 3. The Convention of South Carolina, by a vote of 114 to 16 ratified the Constitution.

April 4. The State Convention of Virginia refused to submit a secession ordinance to the people by a vote of 89 to 45.

April 15. Lincoln issued his first call for troops (75,000 volunteers) and commanded the rebels to return to peace within 20 days.

April 16. The Confederate Government called for 32,000 men.

April 17. The Virginia Secession Ordinance was passed in secret session by a vote of 60 to 53-to be afterwards submitted to the people. Jefferson Davis granted letters of marque and reprisal.

April 19. The 7th Mass. Regiment was attacked by a mob in the streets of Baltimore. Two soldiers were killed and seven wounded. The first bloodshed of the rebellion. The Southern ports declared by Lincoln to be in a state of blockade.

April 29. The Legislature of Indiana voted $500,000 for the purpose of State defence.

May 3. President Lincoln called for 3 years' men42,000 Volunteers, 22,000 Regulars, and 18,000 sea

men.

May 6. The Arkansas Convention, by a vote of 69 to 1 passed the "Ordinance of Secession."

May 13. England proclaimed neutrality. May 20. North Carolina passed the "Ordinance of Secession."

May 24. Col. Ellsworth was shot by Jackson, landlord of the Marshall House, Alexandria, for taking down the rebel flag. Jackson was immediately shot.

May 30. Secretary Cameron declared slaves to be "contraband of war.'

June 3. Senator Douglas, in his 48th year, died at Chicago. "Tell them to obey the laws, and support the Constitution of the United States"-his dying message to his son.