Page images
PDF
EPUB

ETH

Ethiopic, or Abyssinian, origin of
the, 281.

Eudemos, on the Aryan race, 241.
Euhemerus, of Messene, his neolo-
gian work translated into Latin,
by Ennius, 105.

Eulalia, Song of, age of the, 196.
Euripides, first translated into Latin,
by Ennius, 105.

Ewald, on the relation of the Tura-
nian to the Aryan languages, 338.
Ezour-Veda, the, 156 note.
Ezra, Chaldee fragments in the Book
of, 276.

FABIUS

ABIUS PICTOR, his history of
Rome in Greek, 104.
Fa-hian, the Chinese pilgrim to In-
dia, his travels, 149.
Families of languages, tests for re-
ducing the principal dialects of
Europe and Asia to certain, 172.
Fatum, original meaning of the
name, 21.

Feeble, origin of the word, 123.
Feizi and the Brahman, story of, 152.
Feu, origin of the French word, 123.
Finnic class of languages, 315.

branches of Finnic, 316.

the "Kalewala," the "Iliad "
of the Finns, 318.

tribes, original seat of the,
315.

their language and literature,
317.

national feeling lately arisen,

317.

Finnish, peculiarity of its grammar,

119.

Firdusi, language in which he wrote
his "Shahnameh," 210.
Fire-worshippers. See Parsis.
Firoz Shah, translations from San-
skrit into Persian, made by order
of, 150.

Flaminius, his knowledge of Greek,
103.

Flemish language and literature,

178.

French dialects, number of, 58.

laws of change in the French
language, 73.

nominatives and accusatives,
119.

[blocks in formation]

Galla language of Africa, family to
which it belongs, 282.

Ganas, the, or lists of remarkable
words in Sanskrit, 116.

Garo, formation of adjectives in, 113
note.

Gâthâs, or songs of Zoroaster, 209.
Gebelin, Court de, his "Monde
Primitif," 140.
compared with Hervas, 140.
Gees language, 281.

Genitive case, the term used in In-
dia, 111.

terminations of the genitive in
most cases, identical with the
derivative suffixes by which
substantives are changed into
adjectives, 112.

mode of forming the genitive
in Chinese, 118 note.
formation of genitives in Latin,

220.

Geometry, origin of the word, 15.
German language, history of the,

179.

Gipsies, language of the, 211.
Glass, painted, before and since the
Reformation, 20.

Gordon, Captain, on the dialects of
Burmese, 63.

Goropius, his work written to prove
that Dutch was the language
spoken in Paradise, 135.
Gospel, origin of the word, 122.
Gothic, a modern language, 122.

similarity between Gothic and
Latin, 127.

[blocks in formation]

origin and history of Sanskrit
grammar, 116.

origin of grammatical forms,
120.

historical evidence, 121.
collateral evidence, 122.
genealogical classification, 124.
comparative value of grammar
in the classification of lan-
guages, 170.
comparative grammar,
Bopp's Comparative Gram-
mar," 214.

66

214.

origin of grammatical forms,
215.

mode of tracing back the gram-
matical framework of the
Aryan languages to original
independent words, 231-234.
result of Bopp's "Comparative
Grammar," 234.
Aryan grammar, 234.
Turkish grammar, 308.
Turkic grammar, 309.
Grammatici, the, at Rome, 103.
Greek language, the, studied and

cultivated by the barbarians,
Berosus, Menander, and Ma-
netho, 94, 95.

critical study of ancient Greek
at Alexandria, 97.

the first practical Greek gram-
mar, 100.

generally spoken at Rome,
101.

[blocks in formation]

genitives in Greek, 117.
the principle of classification
never applied to speech by
the Greeks, 124.

Greeks and Barbarians, 125.
Plato's notion of the origin of
the Greek language, 126.
similarity between Greek and
Sanskrit, 142.

- affinity between Sanskrit and
Greek, 159.

formation of the dative in
Greek, 221.

the future in Greek, 230.
number of forms each verb in
Greek yields, if conjugated
through all its voices, tenses,
&c., 272 note.

modern, number of the dialects
of, 58.

Greeks, their speculations on lan-
guages, 89.

the Grammarians, 90.

reasons why the ancient Greeks
never thought of learning a
foreign language, 92.

first encouragement given by
trade to interpreters, 93.
imaginary travels of Greek
philosophers, 94 note.

the Greek use of the term Bar-
barian, 127.

Gregory of Nyssa, St., his defence
of St. Basil, 40 note.

Grimm, on the origin of dialects in
general, quoted, 60.

on the idiom of nomads, quoted,
71.

his "Teutonic Grammar," 167.
Growth of language, 47, 66.

examination of the idea that
man can change or improve
language, 48.

causes of the growth of lan-
guage, 50.

Guichard, Estienne, his work on lan-
guage, 132 note.
Guebres. See Parsis.

HAL

HALHEAD, his remarks on the af-
finity between Greek and San-
skrit, quoted, 159.

his "Code of Gentoo Laws,"
159 note.

Hamilton, Sir W., on the origin of
the general and particular in lan-
guage, 377 note.
Harald Haarfagr, King of Norway,
his despotic rule and its conse-
quences, 192.

Haru-spex, origin of the name,
259.

Harun-al-Rashid, translations made
from Sanskrit works at his court,

149.

Haug, his labors in Zend, 209.
Haussa language of Africa, family
to which it belongs, 282.
Hebrew, idea of the fathers of the

church that it was the prim-
itive language of mankind,

132.

amount of learning and inge-
nuity wasted on this ques-
tion, 133.

Leibniz, the first who really
conquered this prejudice, 135.
number of roots in, 265.
ancient form of the, 280.
Aramean modifications of, 280.
swept away by Arabic, 281.
Hekate, an old name of the moon,
22.

"Heljand," the, of the Low Ger-
mans, 178.

Hellenic branch of the Indo-Euro-
pean family of languages, 198.
Herat, origin of the name, 247.
Hermippus, his translation of the
works of Zoroaster into Greek,
96.
Herodotus, his travels, 94.

on the Pelasgi, 125 note.
Hervas, his reduction of the multi-
tude of American dialects to
eleven families, 63.
his list of works published dur-
ing the 16th century, on the
science of language, 131 note.
account of him and of his
labors, 139.

compared with Gebelin, 140.
his discovery of the Malay and
Polynesian family of speech,

141.

[blocks in formation]

Urdu-zeban, the proper name
of Hindústání, 316.
Hiouen-thsang, the Chinese pilgrim,
his travels into India, 149.
Hiram, fleet of, 202.

History and language, connection
between, 76.

Hliod, or quida, of Norway, 193.

Saemund's collection of, 193.
Hoei-seng, the Chinese pilgrim to
India, his travels, 149.
Homer, critical study of, at Alex-
andria, 97.

influence of the critical study

of, on the development of
grammatical terminology, 98.
Horace, on the changes Latin had
undergone in his time, 67.
Hors, origin of the French word,
123.

House, name for in Sanskrit, and

other Aryan languages, 236, and

note.

Humanity, the word not to be found
in Plato or Aristotle, 128.
Humboldt, Alex. von, on the limits
of exact knowledge, quoted, 29.
Humboldt, William von, his patron-
age of Comparative Philology,

167.

Hungarians, ancestors of the, 320.
language of the, 320, 321.

its affinity to the Ugro-Finnic
dialects, 321.

Huron Indians, rapid changes in the
dialects of the, 62.
Hyades, origin of the word, 17.

IBN-WA AHSHIYYAH, the Chaldean,

his Arabic translation of "the
Nabatean Agriculture," 279.
account of him and his works,
279 note.

Iceland, foundation of an aristocratic
republic in, 192.

intellectual and literary activity
of the people of, 192.

ICE

Iceland, later history of, 193.
Icelandic language, 190.

Iconium, Turkish, sultans of, 307.
Illumination of Manuscripts, lost art
of, 20.

Illyrians, Greek and Roman writers
on the race and language of the,
126 note.

Illyrian language, the ancient, 196

note.

Illyrian languages, 200.
India, the Mulla Abdu-l-Kádir Ma-
luk's general history of, 151

note.

origin of the name of India,
228.

Indian Philosophers, difficulty of ad-
mitting the influence of, on Greek
philosophers, 94 note.
Indies, East and West, historical
meaning of the names, 227.
Indo-European family of languages.
See Aryan.

Inflectional stage of language, 324.
Instrumental, formation of the, in
Chinese, 119 note, 218.
Interjectional theory of roots, 367.
Interpreters, first encouragement
given to, by trade, 93.
Irán, modern name of Persia, origin
of the, 242.

Iranic class of languages, 205.
Iron, name for, in Sanskrit and
Gothic, 236.

Iron, the Os of the Caucasus calling
themselves, 243.

Italian dialects, number of, 58, 197.
natural growth of, 67.

real sources of, 69.
Italians, the, indebted to the Greeks
for the very rudiments of civiliza-
tion, 101.

Italic class of languages, 196.

[blocks in formation]

LABAN, language of, 278.

Italy, dialects spoken in, before the Language, science of, one of the

rise of Rome, 197.

Its, as a possessive pronoun, intro-
duction of, 46.

JEROME, ST., his opinion that He-

brew was the primitive language
of mankind, 132.

Jews, literary idiom of the, in the
century preceding and following
the Christian era, 277.

physical sciences, 11, 31.

modern date of the science of,

13.

names of the science of, 14.
meaning of the science of, 14.

little it offers to the utilitarian
spirit of our age, 20.
modern importance of the sci-
ence of, in political and social
questions, 22.

the barrier between man and
beast, 23.

[blocks in formation]

Language, importance of the science Language, glance at the modern

[blocks in formation]

highly civilized nations, 45.
growth of, 47.

the idea that man can change
or improve language exam-
ined, 48.

causes of the growth of, 50.
processes of the growth of:-
1. phonetic decay, 51.
2. dialectical regeneration, 58.
laws of change in, 73.
futile attempts of single gram-
marians and purists to im-
prove, 75.

connection between language
and history, 77.

independent of historical events,
79.

no possibility of a mixed, 82.
the Empirical Stage in the his-
torical progress of the science
of, 87.

speculations of the Brahmans
and Greeks, 87.

the classificatory stage of, 115.
empirical or formal grammar,

[blocks in formation]

history of language, 173.
distinction between the radical

and formal elements of, 215.
constituent elements of, 250.
morphological classification,
275, 286.

the inflectional stage of, 324.
consideration of the problem
of a common origin of lan-
guages, 326 et seq.

former theories, 345.

proper method of inquiry, 347.
man and brutes, faculties of, 350.
the difference between man and
brute, 354.

the inward power of which lan-
guage is the outward sign and
manifestation, 355.
universal ideas, 356.

general ideas and roots, 356.
the primum cognitum and pri-
mum appellatum, 370.
knowing and naming, 378.
language and reason, 383.
sound and thought, 384.
natural selection of roots, 386.
nothing arbitrary in language,

389.

origin and confusion of tongues,

391.

the radical stage of language,
285, 286.

the terminational stage, 285,
288.

the inflectional stage, 285.
Languages, number of known, 35.
teaching of foreign languages
comparatively a modern in-
vention, 91.

reason why the ancient Greeks
never learned foreign lan-
guages, 91.

"The Mountain of Languages,"

93.

genealogical classification of,

166.

tests for reducing the principal
dialects in Europe and Asia to
certain families of languages,

174.

genealogical classification not
applicable to all languages,
174.

radical relationship, 176.
comparative grammar, 214.

« PreviousContinue »