ship, and fifty-three squares, some of which are very fine. is highly renowned for the paintings in its various churches. about two hundred and sixteen miles north of Rome.
Verona, a city of Italy, about sixty miles west of Venice, It contains a celebrated ancient Roman amphitheatre, which is said to far exceed all others, and to have held twenty-two thousand one hundred and eighty-four spectators.
Vosges, a chain of mountains in the east of France, forming a continuation of the Jura mountains, which separate France from Switzerland. This chain gives name to a department, or territorial division, in the eastern part of France. Wallace, Sir William, a celebrated Scottish patriot and hero, who performed many valiant deeds in his efforts to liberate his country He was apfrom its subjugation to England, about A. D. 1300. pointed Regent of Scotland, and gained several victories; but, owing to the intrigues of some of the Scottish lords, who were jealous of his power, he resigned the regency, and was afterwards betrayed into the hands of the English, by whom he was put to death, August 23, 1305.
Wheel and axle, a mechanical power, consisting of two wheels, one of which is smaller than the other, revolving together round the same centre of motion. The place of the smaller wheel is generally supplied by a cylinder, which is called the axle.
Wilkes, John, a political character of England, much celebrated in the period between A. D. 1762, and A. D. 1784. He was editor of a paper called the North Briton,' and was afterwards elected a member of Parliament. He died December 26, 1797, aged seventy years. Wonder of the World. There were seven celebrated monuments, remarkable for their splendor or magnitude, which were called the Seven Wonders of the World. They were, the pyramids of Egypt ; the walls and hanging gardens of Babylon; the temple of Diana, at Ephesus; the statue of Jupiter Olympus; the Mausoleum, or sepulchre of Mausolus, King of Caria; the Palace of Cyrus, King of Persia; and the Colossus of Rhodes.
Xenophon, a celebrated general, philosopher, and historian, who was born at Athens, about four hundred and fifty years before Christ. He was one of the many distinguished men who flourished in Athens, at that time. He principally famous for his retreat, with ten thousand Greeks who were placed under his command, from the plains of Babylon, home to Greece, of which he has himself given a very interesting account. He was also the author of other interesting
Year, Solar, the period of the earth's revolution round the Sun. Zoological, relating to Zoology, or that branch of natural history which treats of the forms, habits, history, and classification of animals.
Accident, influence of, in direc- ting pursuits, 181, 193, 198, note. See Common Occurren-
Adams, Life of Hunter, by, 55. Adrian, the Emperor, 38. Adrian VI., Pope, 204. Eneid, Ogilby's poetical transla- tion of the, 71. Esop, a slave, 38. Affectation of high birth, 43. Africanus, Scipio, 110. Ainsworth's Dictionary, studied by Alexander Murray, 292. Air, early information respecting, 19. Torricelli's discoveries in, 20. Sensibility to changes in the, 226.
Alfred the Great, account of, 66. Translation of Boethius's Con- solations by, 67, 213. His
union of literary with other la- || Artists rising from the lower to the
bors, 109.
Almon, John, 171.
Alphabet, Stone on the, 98. An- glo-Saxon, 294.
higher branches, 60-63. The great disadvantage to be sur- mounted by, 63.
Asser, author of a life of Alfred, 67.
Amazons, River of the, account of,|| Astrologer, Simpson and the, 89.
Bacon, Francis, time of, 82. erary and other pursuits united in, 115. Lord Chancellor, 229.
Bacon, Nicholas, 229. Badius, Ascentius, 155. Bagford, John, collector of the Harleian Library, 174. Bailey's Dictionary, 294. Baird, patron of Murray, 297, 299. Balloon, origin of the, 23. Bandinelli, the Italian sculptor, 44, 196.
Barometer, invented, 21. Bassano, bridge near, 265. Bastile, Palissy dies in the, 198. Batteries, first attacked by ships, 64.
Baudoin, Benedict, 45.
Beads, Ferguson's use of, 183, 188. Beaufort, Lady Joanna, 216. Beaumont, Elie de, 217. Beaumont, Francis, early death of,
Blind Harry, 240. Blind Jack, case of, 239. Blindness, difficulties occasioned by, conquered, 218, 245. Re- marks on, 233. Poetry and mu- sic, occupations in, 235. Sculp- ture in, 237.
Blisworth, tunnel at, 262. Boccaccio, Giovanni, influence of, on the language of Italy, 81. Bodmer, John Jacob, schoolmaster of Gesner, 144. Boethius, his Consolations of Phi- losophy, translated by Alfred, 67, 213; written in the tower of Pavia, 213.
Books, multiplication of, 24. Me- dici's enthusiasm for purchasing, 80. Considered as teachers, 87. Sir William Jones's passion for, 105. Anecdotes of the love of, 268, 288.
Booksellers and printers, literary pursuits of, 143.
Bordoni, the real name of Scaliger,
Bowyer, William, 63, 156. Braunston, canals at, 262. Breakfast, the stable boy's, 325. Breitkopf, J.G.E., a German prin- ter, 196.
Brenta, bridge over the, 265. Bridge over the Brenta, 265. Bridgewater, Duke of, his canal, 253. His sacrifices, 256. His adherence to Brindley, 257. Death of, 257. Income of his canal property, 257. Effects of his success, 259. Brindley, James, birth and youth of, 247. His ignorance through life, 247, 260. With Bennet, a millwright, 248. His machinery for a paper-mill, 248. Drains a coal-mine, 249. Silk-mill by, 250. Canal by, from Worseley to Manchester, 253. The Duke of Bridgewater's adherence to, To join the Trent and Mersey by a canal, 258. Tun- nels by, 258. Citation respec-
ting, 258. Anecdotes of, 259. || Card-playing by a blind lady, 237. His visit to the theatre, 260. His Carey, Dr., missionary, 73, note. death, 260. Remarks on, 260, Carlile, treatment of Gifford by, 315, 316, 317.
Bristol, church of St. Mary Red-Carron, canal from the, 262. cliffe at, 194. Canal from, 261. Bruce, James, Travels of, edited by Murray, 299, 300. Bruhl, Count de, 35. Buchanan, George, 73, note. dier and scholar, 120. Impris- onment, poverty, and death of, 120, 213.
Carter, Nicholas, 68.
Caslon, William, type-founder, 63. Casserio, facts respecting, 50. Cassiodorus on Eusebius, 228. Sol-Castalio, Sebastian, parentage of,
Buckingham, Hill, at, 272, 275. Buffon, Count de, 173.
Bullinger, Henry, poverty of, 201. Burns, Gilbert, 307. Cited res- pecting his father, 309; respect- ing his brother Robert, 309,|| 310; respecting the poverty of the family, 310. Notice of, 314.
Burns, Robert, early death of, 77. Advice to Murray by, 296. Let- || ter to Moore by, 307. Early ac- quisitions by, 308. Books ob- tained by, 309. Poverty of, 310. Murdoch's instruction of, 310-312. Remarks on, 313. Burns, William, father of the poet, 307, 309-313. Business and pursuit of knowledge united, 103-118. Byron, Lord, early death of, 77.
Cæsar, Julius, his union of literary with other pursuits, 109, 179, note.
Caledonian canal, 262.
48. Latin version of the Bible by, 81. Poverty of, 203. Ac- cused of theft, by Calvin, 203. Castell, Edmund, Lexicon Hepta- glotton by, 208.
Catechism, given to Murray, 285. Cato the Censor, 65. Cavedone, an Italian painter, 194. Cellini, Benvenuto, 60. Cervantes, 121. Wrote Don Quix- ote in a dungeon, 213. Chapman, George, translator of
Homer, 82. Cited, 83. Charcoal, poem written with, 213. Charles I., statue of, by a blind man, 237. Charles V., Adrian VI. preceptor to, 204.
Chatterton, Thomas, 194. Chaucer, Geoffrey, 81. Spenser's estimation of, 82.
Chevy Chace, learned by Holcroft, 325.
China, canals in, 251. Christianity, Grotius on the Truth of, 116.
Chronometers, marine, 266. Church of St. Mary Redcliffe, at Bristol, 194.
Cicero, his union of the pursuit of knowledge with business,
Clarendon, Earl of, literary and other labors united in, 115, Classical studies of Eugene Aram, 279. See Languages.
Calvin, John, accuses Castalio of theft, 203. Cambridge, Saunderson at, 244. Canals, ancient, 251. Locks in, 252. Modern, 252. Introduc- tion of, into Great Britain, 252, 253, 262. By Brindley, 254, || Claude Lorraine, 193, 205. 257, 261. Rivers to feed, 259. Cleanthes, a pugilist, facts respec-
Cantley instructs Ferguson, 184. Caravagio, Michael Angelo, 194. Caravagio, Polidoro Caldara, 193.
Clement VII., patron of Valeria- nus, 69.
Clifton, Brindley drains a coal- || Cromwell, Oliver, 64.
mine in, 249. Clock, by Ferguson, 185. In the Crystallography, Haüy's discove- Place of St. Mark, at Venice, 265.
Clyde and Forth, canal between, || Cyprus, captured by Turks, 213. 252, 262.
Cocker's Arithmetic, 289.
Coimbra, Buchanan imprisoned at, || Dalmuir, canal to, 262.
Dampier, William, the navigator,
Colson, on Saunderson's mode of Deaf, dumb, and blind, case of a
Columbus, Christopher, 124. Commentaries, Cæsar's, anecdote respecting, 109.
Common occurrences, use made of, by philosophers, 12, 18,|| 23-27. See Accidents.
Comparative anatomy, Hunter's attainments in, 52. Condel on Shakspeare, 305. Congleton, silk-mill at, 250. Constantinople, Sir Dudley North at, 135, 136.
Cook, James, early days of, 125. Visits Quebec, 125. Makes ob- servations on a solar eclipse, 125. Voyages by, 126. Hon- ors to, 126. Fate of, 126. Char- acter of, 127. Remarks on his shipmates, 127.
Cookesley, William, rescues Gif- ford from obscurity, 320. Be- quest to the son of, 322. Cooper, Robert, schoolfellow of Murray, 291.
Corinth, the canal of, 251. Cornelisz, Lucas, 49.
Correggio, Antonio Allegri, 78. Cosmo II., marble statue of, by a blind man, 237.
Cowper, William, the poet, 76. Cramond, teacher of Murray, 291.
lady, 238. Two Americans,
De Beaumont, Elie, 217. Defects, natural, overcome, 216. Defoe, Daniel, 176. Style of, 178. Democritus, 39, 228. Demosthenes overcame defects, 217.
Des Cartes, Renè, 118. Solves a problem in geometry, at Breda, 119. His interview with Beck- man, 119.
De Siegen, see Siegen. De Thou, James Augustus, unites literary and other pursuits, 114. On Robert Stephens, 150. De Voerda, Nicasius de, 227, 228,
Didymus of Alexandria, blind,
Differential Calculus, 92. Diodotus the Stoic, blind, 227. Dipple, Lady, 188. Befriends Ferguson, 189.
Discovery not the work of acci- dent, 26, note. See Common
Occurrences.
D'Israeli, 293. Dodsley, Robert, 169. Donne, John, 175.
Don Quixote, written in a dun- geon, 213.
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