28.-Thoughts of Blaise Pascal. Translated from the French. Preceded by a Sketch of his Life. Andover: Allen, Morrill & Wadwell. New-York: Mark H. Newman, 1846. pp. 384, 12mo.

This book is well worthy the beautiful style in which the publishers have issued it. Pascal's "Provincial Letters," in which he confronts the Jesuits in so masterly a manner, is known the world over, and is confessedly one of the most powerful specimens of effective wit ever penned by mortal man. His "Thoughts" is profoundly philosophical, and exhibits the workings of a powerful mind. It were well for students to read it often. In the volume we have Part I. Thoughts relating to Philosophy, Morality, and Belles Lettres, including Authority in matters of Philosophy-The Art of Persuasion-Vanity of man and effects of Self-love-Misery of ManCondition of the Great, etc. Part II. Thoughts immediately relating to Religion, embracing-Necessity of Studying Religion—Marks of true Religion-Subordination and use of Reason-Jesus ChristThoughts upon Miracles, etc.

The work is preceded by a well written memoir of the author, unfolding the chief events of his life.

29.-History of the English Revolution of 1640, commonly called the Great Rebellion: from the accession of Charles I. to his death. By F. GUIZOT. Translated by WILLIAM HAZLITT. 2. vols. NewYork: D. Appleton & Co., 1846. pp. 515, 12mo.

M. Guizot has brought his powerful mind to bear with great effect on the subject of history; and we trust that it will not be diverted from that impartiality so essential to the correct historian. We perceive in him, at present, a leaning toward authority in church and state, which, a few years ago, would not have been thought possible in him.

This History of the English Revolution we consider, on the whole, impartial: and so exceedingly interesting is it, that we rejoice to see it in an English translation, and more than all, to find a book of so much real value, making Nos. 8 and 9 of "Appleton's Literary Miscellany."-We wish they could continue it a long time with issues of this description.

30.-Missionary Life in Samoa, as exhibited in the Journals of the late George Archibald Lundie, during the revival in Mertutla, in 1840-1841. Edited by his Mother, Author of "Memoir of Mary Lundie Duncan," &c. New-York: Robert Carter, 1846. pp. 313, 18mo.

To those who have read Mary Lundie Duncan, this will be an acceptable volume. It is by the same author, and tells the story of

the life and death of Mary's brother. Early failing in health, he sailed for the South Sea Islands. There he became a missionary of the cross, to the benighted dwellers on the Samoan or Navigator Isles and after a few years of toil in his Master's service, he departed to be with Christ. His bones rest far away from those of his beloved sister, but his spirit is now rejoicing with hers in the presence of Jesus. How sweet must be the communion of two such spirits there! Let us follow in their steps, as they followed Christ, and we shall soon be with them, amid the adoring throng, around the Majesty of Heaven.

31.-Jacob's Well. By GEORGE ALBERT ROGERS, M. A., Senior Curate of St. Mary, Islington, and Domestic Chaplain to the Right Hon. Viscount Lifford. New-York: Robert Carter, 1846. pp. 232, 18mo.

This is a small volume of practical lectures on the interview between Christ and the Woman of Samaria, at Jacob's Well. It is written in a plain style, being remarkable for nothing but its practical usefulness. It will be read with interest and profit, by those who love to dwell upon the incidents in the life of the Saviour.

31.-The Pilgrim in the Shadow of the Jungfrau. By GEORGE B. CHEEVER, D. D. New-York and London: Wiley & Putnam, 1846. pp. 214, 12mo.

This is number eleven of the Library of American Books; and we could wish they were all as much to our taste as this. But quot hominum, tot gustus, and so we must not complain, as long as truth and purity are regarded in the selection. The Pilgrim who here writes, has been a pilgrim before. In number four of this same Library, he gave us the blossoms and fruits of his Alpine wanderings and now he has returned again, even from the shadow of the very Jungfrau, laden with baskets of beautiful flowers, which he scatters most profusely around him, for all who choose to pick them up.

Even the title we admire, because it is the thing itself, although it has been objected to by others, as rather an outlandish name: and the matter of the book is both interesting and profitable reading. Some, indeed, will not like it, because it tallies not with their notions of things, but we deem it truthful, and therefore we the more relish it, as being not only beauty but truth.

LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

Germany.

THE Prophetic Theology of the Bible has been recently and ably treated by Professor Delitzsch, of Leipsic, embracing prophetic inspiration, the office of the prophets, the fulfilment of the prophecies, etc.-Tholuck has put forth a third and much improved edition of his critical commentary on the Sermon on the Mount.--W. Beste has issued Dr. Martin Luther's Glaubenslehre, etc., or doctrinal teaching, dogmatically arranged.—Seyffrath's Chronologia Sacra, or Investigations into the date of our Lord's birth, and the Chronology of the two Testaments, is a work of great importance. Indeed, it is the only thorough one on the subject, presenting almost every thing valuable which relates to the chronology of the nations mentioned in the Scripture. He advocates the era of the world which accords with the Septuagint.-Tischendorf's first volume of Travels in the East is out. He has discovered literary documents of great value in some of the oriental monasteries, and made observations, which tend to illustrate the Bible.-Dr. Reinhold Klotz's Manual of Latin Literature, will be hailed by the lovers of Latin learning. A complete work on this subject has been much needed, one better than Bähr's, the only one now existing, we believe, of much worth.-Dr. Otto Jahn has been appointed ordinary professor in the University of Greifswald.-We believe we have not before recorded the decease of Dr. H. A. C. Hävernick, Professor of Theology at Königsberg. His death is greatly lamented. He was a noble champion for the truth.

France.

Those who desire to get an account of the German Philosophy will find it in a Report by Remusat, entitled: De la Philosophie Allemande.—The Journal des Savants, of 1845, contains some important papers, by Cousin, on philosophic documents; by Letronne, the table of Abydos, a specimen of the reproduction of Egyptian hieroglyphics.

Great Britain.

The Reformation and Anti-Reformation in Bohemia, from the German, is a useful work.-Meditationes Hebraicæ ; or a Doctrinal and Practical Exposition of St. Paul to the Hebrews, by Rev. William Tait.-Thoughts upon the Holy Spirit and His Work, by the author of "Thoughts upon Thought."—The Bible Student's Concordance, by which the English reader may ascertain the literal meaning of any word in the original. By Aaron Peck, Professor from the University of Prague. It is concordance and lexicon combined.

THE

BIBLICAL REPOSITORY

AND

CLASSICAL REVIEW.

THIRD SERIES, NO. VII.—WHOLE, NUMBER LXIII.
JULY, 1846.

ARTICLE I.

THE SUFFERINGS OF CHRIST.

By Prof. TAYLER LEWIS, LL. D.

The Sufferings of Christ. By A LAYMAN. Harper & Brothers.

WHO was HE that died on Calvary? What was the nature of HIS sufferings? What bearing have they upon our salvation?

We may well ask, What is all science, and all philosophy, when compared with the infinite importance of these momentous inquiries? What utter triflers are those who can occupy their minds with other questions of history, of economy, of politics, of ethics, of metaphysics, of theology even, whilst these remain, not only unsettled, but unheeded! According as they are determined in one way or the other, must religion, especially revealed religion, rise into a matter of awful solemnity, or cease to be a subject of alarm, of earnestness, or even of settled seriousness, to any thoughtful soul.

If Jesus was merely a man, if his sufferings were only those of a man, if his death has no other relation to our salTHIRD SERIES, VOL. II. NO. III. 25

vation, than that of any other good man who died in attestation of the truth of his doctrines, and the sincerity of his instructions-if this is all the real interest belonging to that event which eighteen hundred years ago commenced a new moral era in our world, it never could have maintained that deep hold upon the souls of men, to the power of which centuries have borne witness. Had there been connected with it no other associations than these, Christianity would long since have been numbered among the systems that have appeared for a little while and then vanished away. Its only record would have been some obscure chapter in history, having perhaps an interest for the literary and philosophical antiquarian, but, to the great mass of men, as unknown and uncared for as is now the history of the Essenes, or any of the Oriental sects of philosophical religionists.

Such views may now maintain some show of strength, by their position of antagonism to the more universally received doctrines of the church; but how long would what is styled liberal Christianity with its negations, its undefined, ever changing, ever sinking dogmas, retain any firm hold upon the souls of men, after such antagonism should once have ceased,after men should no longer regard it as a refuge from sterner and more startling truths, and when this meagre phantom should come to be acknowledged as the only representative on earth of that powerful system, which was once preached by Christ and his Apostles? Let us imagine it at length triumphant over its dreaded adversary. How soon would such triumph be its own utter ruin! How soon would a sensual and ungodly world learn to despise what it had only treated with seeming deference, because of its position in respect to that system, and that book, which had so long and so fearfully disturbed its peace! In short, who would study the Bible except with an antiquarian or literary curiosity? who would think of preaching from it? who would ever quote it as conclusive authority in any question of morals or religion? who would regard it with any peculiar reverence as a revelation of the deep mysteries of God, one half century after man