English women near me were so delighted with her "condescension" that they could see no lack; possibly there was none. Later I was told that she speaks very well when she chooses to do so but was not well that day and scarcely felt able for the necessary exertion.

The Princess Christian is, however, well worthy of her name, as she is active in many charities, and herself provides a fund for keeping trained nurses, who take charge of the poor of the town of Windsor. The fact that she does this is not the only benefit; her doing so makes charity fashionable, —and it is a most blessed fashion. One English peculiarity was very marked to me. The necessity of having great names back of every good enterprise. Every lecture, every concert, every school is announced as being under the patronage of some of the nobility or some M. P. On the other hand, I must say these eminent people seem ready and pleased to favor any worthy object by the patronage of both name and presence. Knowing the influence and patronage secured by names, I was pleased to see announced on the Report of Miss Buss' school (known as the North London Collegiate and Camden School for Girls), as "Governors," H. R. H. the Princess of Wales, who formally opened the building in person ten years ago, the Lord Bishop of London, and the Lord Bishop of Rochester. They honor themselves in being the patrons of the best girls' academic school in England.

This school is for girls what Eton, Rugby, and Harrow are for boys. The thoroughness of the instruction is fully attested by the fact that 214 of Miss Buss' pupils have matriculated at the University of London, 71 have passed intermediate examinations, and 35 have obtained degrees. The school has also had 1265 pass Cambridge local examinations, of whom 417 took honors, beside the large number who have been admitted to the leading art, music, and scientific schools.

This great school, now numbering nearly 1,000 pupils, is the outgrowth of a private school started by Miss Buss and her mother. In 1863 the Schools Enquiry Commission called Miss Buss with two other ladies before it to inquire into the state of education for girls. From the great stirring of thought occasioned by this inquiry, as well as from the excellence of the school, the public was moved to put it on a more permanent basis. Miss Buss gave up, most generously, the original plant, and the school is now fully

endowed, with her as principal. The patronage is from the highest social class, and the results given above show that they work with the energy and persistence of the class in our country who expect to earn their own living.

The girls do not board in the school, but come generally from their homes. I think I never saw students of finer physical development. Their clear complexions, ruddy cheeks, and supple bodies were a delight to witness, but on accompanying one of the teachers to the gymnasium, their fine appearance was duly accounted for. The Chierman system of exercise is used. This system is remarkable for its combination of grace and variety of movement. The girls manifested a real taste and desire for muscular ability, and their speed and grace in running were simply marvelous.

This school formed the model of the Girls' Public Day School Company in founding similar schools throughout the kingdom.

Miss Buss' educational influence has not been confined to this school; she has been one of the most potent influences to open the doors of Cambridge, and in creating a public opinion favorable to the higher education of women. Miss Buss, herself, will constitute one of my pleasant memories of England. A woman of the greatest simplicity of character, of broad culture, sound judgment, rare executive ability, keen observation, fine conversational powers, it is no wonder she has so largely influenced her generation for good. If you were to address a letter to Miss Buss, England, it would surely reach its destination. There are probably not five other women in England, not belonging to the nobility, of whom a like statement could be made.

V.

FRANCES POWER COBBE AND HER WORK.

Among my letters of introduction was one to the distinguished lady whose name heads this communication.

Miss Cobbe's name, now that George Eliot is dead, stands first among the living women writers of England. Among her books are an essay on Intuitive Knowledge, Religious Duty, Broken Lights, Darwinism in Morals, The Hopes of the Human Race, The Duties of Women, the Peak in Darien, and The Modern Rack.

It is not alone in literature that Miss Cobbe's work is well

known, but in the woman educational movement, in her great help in securing municipal suffrage for the women of her country. And most of all, she is the originator and the very soul of the Anti-vivisection Movement, which now has its associations all over Great Britain. Miss Cobbe's work lies chiefly with the Victoria Street Society for the protection of animals from vivisection.

I had the good fortune to be present at the annual meeting of this society held in the Westminster Palace Hotel parlors, on June 20th. The meeting was addressed by Lord De Ros, Miss Cobbe, Sir W. Plowden, M. P., Major Rasch, M. P., Hon. B. Coleridge, M. P., Rev. Grier, Dr. Burdoe, and others.

The meeting was interesting in the extreme. To see the amount of feeling put into a subject which had never before been so forcibly brought to our minds, started a new line of thought, and will, I trust, make all the Americans present more observant of the matter of vivisection in our own country.

The members of the society felt particularly aggrieved at the time of the meeting from the fact that the Prince of Wales and the Lord Mayor of London had just called a meeting for July 1, to start a branch of the Pasteur Institute in London. The Antivivisectionists boldly deny that the Pasteur method is in any degree a success, and they openly charge him with making false reports, and of suppressing the truth with respect to the cases of rabies treated by him.

The "Zoopholist," the official organ of the Victoria Street Society, in its July number, publishes an extra which says that "M. Pasteur claims to have treated upwards of 5500 persons, the great majority of whom have suffered no ill effects from the bites they had sustained, or otherwise. Most of these, however, there can be very little doubt, were never liable to contract hydrophobia at all."

The one fact on which the public can absolutely rely, is that 161 persons have, since their inoculation, died from hydrophobia. Then follows the list of the persons, place of residence, by what bitten, date and place of death, and source of information, which was generally newspapers. Few if any of these cases were given in M. Pasteur's report. If these were omitted beside what he acknowledges, it indeed makes the Pasteur cure a very doubtful one, and the society rightly objects to the mere propagation of rabies on dumb animals simply because man has the power.

The point which most astonished me, was the claim of the Antivivisectionists that no one single new method of cure of any disease common to the human race had been discovered by vivisection. And strange to say, they seem to establish the statement.

Your readers may be interested to see a specimen of the vigorous war this society is waging on the scientists who have let themselves down to the torture of animals, without being able to show justifiable results. The extract is from the Spectator of June 1st.

Miss Cobbe says:

Vivisection has two aspects in England, - one which is presented to Parliament and the lay public in the Inspector's returns and reports; the other, which is presented to the scientific world at home and abroad in the scientific journals, e. g., in the Philosophical Transactions, in the Journal of Physiology, in Brain, in the Practitioner, and in the medical papers. I say it deliberately,these two presentations are not only widely diverse, but absolutely irreconcilable. If one is true, the other is false. I have before me, and have just read over, making careful extracts from them (too long for your publication, but which I will gladly send to any one desiring to see them) the whole series of Vivisection Returns, from the first to this last, presented so opportunely, precisely while our debate was impending. In all these reports there does not occur one single phrase which can be understood to designate the hideous experiments which during those years have been detailed at length in the scientific periodicals above-named, as performed in Cambridge, London, and elsewhere in England. Over and over again, the two Inspectors assure us that, in the year on which they report, the amount of pain inflicted was "wholly insignificant," or "scarcely involved any appreciable suffering"; and they go out of their way to mention trivial experiments on rabbits, mice, and frogs; never once naming such animals as dogs, cats, monkeys, or horses. But turn we now to the scientific papers, and here are samples of the multitudinous recent English vivisections to be found therein :

"Monkeys. - Boring holes into the skull, and burning out with a cautery portions of brain. Same animals operated on several times. Long series of experiments extending over more than two years. Scooping away portions of the brain; removing both occipital lobes. Producing blindness.

·Dogs. — Trephining; scraping out interior of tympanum (middle ear) with sharp spoon; rubbing the cavity with chloride of zinc (which destroys everything with which it comes in contact), and killing animals thirty-eight and twenty days after operation. Thirty-one experiments. Dogs starved for many hours; abdomen cut open; bile ducts dissected out and cut; glass tubes inserted; duct to gall-bladder closed; various drugs placed in intestines. Chloroform not used, but curare. Cutting down through the loins of dogs and dissecting out kidneys; placing these in metal boxes made to fit, and surrounding them with warm oil; injecting drugs into a vein dissected out and watching result on secretion. The windpipe opened first and machine for artificial respiration set going. Curare used and some chloroform. "Cats. Baked until their blood heat rose to 115.8° Fahrenheit; fixed so

that they could not move; vagi nerve cut and stimulated; digitalis injected under the skin; temperature observed until death resulted."

These experiments-(to which might be added dozens almost as bad, and which represent only those which the experimenter thought successful enough to be presented to his scientific colleagues)—ought, I submit, to have been mentioned in official reports offered to the nation as representing the working of the Act of 1876. In a country free as England, a law which sanctions a sin is itself a public sin—and that the Vivisection Act, as now worked through the Home Office and the Inspector, does sanction the great and heinous sin of cruelty, I think no one who reads the above heart-sickening list of tortures can doubt.

We anti-vivisectionists ask for true reports to Parliament; and we are perfectly satisfied that if but one such true report be ever presented, our Bill for the Total Prohibition of Vivisection will be carried before the close of the session.

The society claim that men who are permitted to thus practice on animals, grow to care more for the science of medicine than they do to perform cures; that vivisection degenerates into practice on human beings to sustain or refute theories. The following case was cited by Dr. Burdoe, the account of which was given in the Journal of Physiology for May, 1889. A woman afflicted with jaundice was sent to the St. Thomas Hospital; an inquiry was started as to whether "the bile being drawn off in such large quantities by the artificial opening known as biliary fistula, how could fat be digested." The Journal proceeds to say she was carefully "observed" when the "observations were interrupted by the death of the patient." To test the theory, this dying woman was forced to use a half pound of butter every day, until her vomiting and her death put an end to this vivisection on a human being. The prescription of butter was given by Dr. Bristoe, who in his published work says that all butter or fat must be dispensed with in case of jaundice. Such statements as this add a new horror to the thought of going to a hospital. Somebody's mother done to death to prove a theory.

It is a subject which interests people in England something like one's position on the temperance question in America. I was greatly surprised on two different occasion at afternoon teas to have ladies say to me, "What are you doing in your country respecting anti-vivisection?"

I met Miss Cobbe socially on two occasions-and during my stay in England I met no other person, man or woman, whose vigor of intellect at all compared to hers. In appearance she has a large body, is about five feet four in height, with the most benig