that time, as the Sybarites say, they and their king Telys were preparing to make war against Crotona: and the Crotonians, being much alarmed, implored Dorieus to assist them, and obtained their request; whereupon Dorieus marched with them against Sybaris, and took Sybaris in concert with them. Now, the Sybarites say that Dorieus, and those who were with him, did this. But the Crotonians affirm that no foreigner took part with them in the war against the Sybarites, except only Callias of Elis, a seer of the Iamidæ, and he did so under the following circumstances: he had fled from Telys, King of the Sybarites, and come over to them, when the victims did not prove favourable as he was sacrificing against Crotona. Such is the account they give. Each party produces the following proofs of what they assert: The Sybarites allege a sacred inclosure and temple near the dry Crastis,1 which they say Dorieus, when he had assisted in taking the city, erected to Minerva, surnamed Crastian; and in the next place they mention the death of Dorieus as the greatest proof, for that he was killed for having acted contrary to the warnings of the oracle. For if he had not at all transgressed, but had done that for which he was sent, he would have taken and possessed the Erycinian country, and having taken it would have retained it, nor would he and his army have been destroyed. On the other hand, the Crotonians show selected portions of land given to Callias the Elean in the territories of Crotona, which the descendants of Callias continued to occupy even in my time; but to Dorieus, and the posterity of Dorieus, nothing was given: whereas, if Dorieus had assisted them in the Sybaritic war, much more would have been given to him than to Callias. These, then, are the proofs that each produces, and every man has the liberty of adhering to that which he judges most probable. There sailed with Dorieus also other Spartans, joint founders of a colony, as Thessalus, Paræbates, Celeas, and Euryleon; who, on their arrival with the whole armament in Sicily, were killed, being defeated in battle by the Phoenicians and Egestæans. Euryleon alone of the associates in founding the colony survived this disaster: he, having collected the survivors of the army, possessed himself of Minoa, a colony of the Selinuntians, and assisted in liberating the Selinuntians from their monarch Pythagoras. But afterward, when he had removed him, he himself seized the tyranny of Selinus, and continued monarch for a short time; for the Selinuntians, having risen up against him, put him to death, though he had taken sanctuary at the 'Called "dry" because its stream was dried up in summer. altar of the Forensian Jupiter. Philippus, son of Butacides, a citizen of Crotona, accompanied Dorieus, and perished with him. He having entered into a contract of marriage with the daughter of Telys the Sybarite, fled from Crotona, but disappointed of his marriage, sailed to Cyrene; and setting out from thence, he accompanied Dorieus in a trireme of his own, with a crew maintained at his own expense; for he had been victorious in the Olympian games, and was the handsomest of the Greeks of his day; and on account of his beauty he obtained from the Egestæans what no other person ever did, for having erected a shrine on his sepulchre, they propitiate him with sacrifices. Dorieus, then, met with his death in the manner above described; but if he had submitted to be governed by Cleomenes, and had continued in Sparta, he would have become King of Lacedæmon. For Cleomenes did not reign for any length of time, but died without a son, leaving a daughter only, whose name was Gorgo. Aristagoras, then, tyrant of Miletus, arrived at Sparta when Cleomenes held the government; and he went to confer with him, as the Lacedæmonians say, having a brazen tablet, on which was engraved the circumference of the whole earth, and the whole sea, and all rivers. And Aristagoras, having come to a conference, addressed him as follows: "Wonder not, Cleomenes, at my eagerness in coming here, for the circumstances that urge are such as I will describe. That the children of Ionians should be slaves instead of free is a great disgrace and sorrow to us, and above all others to you, inasmuch as you are at the head of Greece. Now, therefore, I adjure you, by the Grecian gods, rescue the Ionians, who are of your own blood, from servitude. It is easy for you to effect this, for the barbarians are not valiant; whereas you, in matters relating to war, have attained to the utmost height of glory: their mode of fighting is this, with bows and a short spear; and they engage in battle, wearing loose trousers and turbans on their heads, so they are easy to be over Besides, there are treasures belonging to those who inhabit that continent, such as are not possessed by all other nations together; beginning from gold, there are silver, brass, variegated garments, beasts of burden, and slaves; all these you may have if you will. They live adjoining one another, as I will show you. Next these Ionians are the Lydians, who inhabit a fertile country, and abound in silver." As he said this he showed the circumference of the earth, which he brought with him, engraved on a tablet. "Next the Lydians," proceeded Aristagoras, "are these Phrygians to the eastward, |