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for the first news, and was displeased at th those cities. He was, therefore, disposed t junior away presently, to succeed his father and was willing to confirm him in it by his freed-men and friends of his, who had the g with him, dissuaded him from it, and said dangerous experiment to permit so large a k under the government of so very young a ma ly yet arrived at years of discretion, who w to take sufficient care of its administration ; of a kingdom is heavy enough to a grown m thought what they said to be reasonable. sent Cuspius Fadus to be procurator of Ju entire kingdom, and paid that respect to t not to introduce Marcus, who had been a him, into his kingdom. But he determined, ir to send orders to Fadus, that he should chas tants of Caesarea and Sebaste for those a offered to him that was deceased, and their his daughters that were still alive; and tha move that body of soldiers that were at Ca baste, with the five regiments, into Pontus, do their military duty there, and that he sh equal number of soldiers out of the Roman leg in Syria, to supply their place. Yet were not such orders actually removed; for, by sendi to Claudius, they mollified him, and got le Judea still and these were the very men th source of very great calamities to the Jews and sowed the seeds of that war which began whence it was, that when Vespasian had subd try, he removed them out of his province, as bereafter.*

*This history is now wanting.

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TAINING THE INTERVAL OF 22 YEARS.

[From Fadus the procurator to Florus.]

CHAP. I.

on of the Philadelphians against the Jews; and also concerning the vestments of the high-priest.

UPON the death of king Agrippa, which we have rethe foregoing book, Claudius Caesar sent Cassius us, as successor to Marcus, out of regard to the mef king Agrippa, who had often desired of him my lethile he was alive, that he would not suffer Marcus to longer president of Syria. But Fadus, as soon as he me procurator into Judea, found quarrelsome doings n the Jews that dwelt in Perea, and the people of elphia, about their borders, at a village called Mia, as filled with men of a warlike temper; for the Jews ea had taken up arms without the consent of their al men, and had destroyed many of the PhiladelphiWhen Fadus was informed of this procedure, it prohim very much, that they had not left the determinaI the matter to him, if they thought that the Philadel= had done them any wrong, but had rashly taken up against them. So he seized upon three of their prinmen, who were also the causes of this sedition, and orthem to be bound, and afterward had one of them whose name was Hannibal, and he banished the two, Amram and Eleazar. Tholomy also, the archer was, after some time, brought to him bound, and but not till he had done a world of mischief to Idumea the Arabians. And, indeed, from that time, Judea was ed of robberies by the care and providence of Fadus. lso at this time sent for the high-priests and the princicitizens of Jerusalem, and this at the commands of the eror, and admonished them, that they should lay up the garment, and the sacred vestment, which it is customaor nobody but the high-priest to wear, in the tower of

conia that it might be under the power of the Romans

as it had been formerly. Now the Jews durst not contradict what he had said, but desired Fadus, however, and Longinus, (which last was come to Jerusalem, and had brought a great army with him, out of a fear that the [rigid] injunctions of Fadus, should force the Jews to rebel,) that they might, in the first place, have leave to send ambassa dors to Caesar to petition him, that they may have the holy vestments under their own power, and that, in the next place, they would tarry till they knew what answer Claudius would give to that their request. So they replied that they would give them leave to send their ambassadors, provided they would give them their sons as pledges [of their peaceable behaviour.] And when they had agreed so to do, and had given them the pledges they desired, the ambassadors were sent accordingly. But when, upon their coming to Rome, Agrippa, junior, the son of the deceased, understood the reason why they came, (for he dwelt with Claudius Caesar, as we said before,) he besought Caesar to grant the Jews their request about the holy vestments, and to send a message to Fadus accordingly.

2. Hereupon Claudius called for the ambassadors, and told them that "he granted their request;" and bade them to return their thanks to Agrippa for this favour, which had been bestowed on them upon this entreaty. And, besides these answers of his, he sent the following letter by them: "Claudius Caesar Germanicus, tribune of the people the fifth time, and designed consul the fourth time, and imperator the tenth time, the father of his country, to the magistrates, senate, and people, and whole nation of the Jews, sendeth greeting. Upon the presentation of your ambassadors to me by Agrippa, my friend, whom I have brought up, and have now with me, and who is a person of very great piety, who are come to give me thanks for the care I have taken of your nation, and to entreat me, in an earnest and obliging manner, that they may have the holy vestments, with the crown belonging to them, under their power; grant their request, as that excellent person Vitellius, who is very dear to me, had done before me. And I have complied with your desire, in the first place out of regard to that piety which I profess, and because I would have every one to worship God according to the laws of their own country; and this I do also because I shall hereby highly gratify king Herod, and Agrippa, junior, whose sacred re

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gards to me, and earnest good-will to you, I am well acquainted with, and with whom I have the greatest friendship, and whom I highly esteem, and look on as persons of the best character. Now I have written about these affairs to Cuspius Fadus, my procurator. The names of those that brought me your letter are, Cornelius, the son of Cero; and Trypho, the son of Teudio; Dorotheus, the son of Nathaniel; and John, the son of John. This letter is dated be fore the fourth of the calends of July, when Rufus and Pompeius Sylvanus are consuls."

3. Herod also, the brother of the deceased Agrippa, who was then possessed of the royal authority over Chalcis, petitioned Claudius Caesar for the authority over the temple, and the money of the sacred treasure, and the choice of the high-priests, and obtained all that he petitioned for. So that after that time this authority continued among * all his descendants till the end of the war. Accordingly, Herod removed the last high-priest, called Gantheras, and bestowed that dignity on his successor, Joseph, the son of Camus.

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How Helena, the queen of Adiabene, and her son Izates embraced the Jewish religion; and how Helena supplied the poor with corn when there was a great famine at Jerusalem.

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1. About this time it was that Helena, queen of Adiabene, and her son Izates changed their course of life, and embraced the Jewish customs, and this on the occasion following Monobazus, the king of Adiabene, who had also the name of Bazeus, fell in love with his sister Helena, and took her to be his wife, and begat her with child. But as he was in bed with her one night, he laid his hand upon his wife's belly, and fell asleep, and seemed to hear à voice, which bid him take his hand off his wife's belly, and not

*Here is some error in the copies, or mistake in Josephus; for the power of appointing high-priests, after Herod, king of Chal is, was dead, and Agrippa, junior was made king of Chalcis in his room belonged to him, and he exercised the same all along till Jeru alem was destroyed, as Josephus elsewhere informs us, chap. viij 8.11. chap. ix. § 1. 4. 6, 7.

Vol. V.

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hurt the infant that was therein, which, by God's providence, would be safely born, and have an happy end. This voice put him into disorder; so he awaked immediately, and told the story to his wife; and when his son was born, he called him Izates. He had indeed Monobazus, his elder brother, by Helena also, as he had other sons by other wives besides. Yet did he openly place all his affections on this his only begotten* son Izates, which was the origin of that envy which his other brethren, by the same father, bore to him; while on this account they hated him more and more, and were all under great affliction that their father should prefer Izates before them. Now, although their father was very sensible of these their passions, yet did he forgive them, as not indulging those passions out of an ill disposition, but out of a desire each of them had to be beloved by their father. However, he sent Izates, with many presents, to Abennerig, the king of Charax-Spasini, and that out of the great dread he was in about him, lest he should come to some misfortune by the hatred his brethren bore him; and he committed his son's preservation to him. Upon which Abbennerig gladly received the young man, and had a great affection for him; and married him to his own daughter, whose name was Samacha: he also bestowed a country upon him, from which he received large revenues.

2. But when Monobazus was grown old, and saw that he had but a little time to live, he had a mind to come to the sight of his son before he died. So he sent for him, and embraced him after the most affectionate manner, and bestowed on him the country called Carrue; it was a soil that bare ammomum in great plenty; there are also in it the remains of that ark, wherein it is related that Noah escaped the deluge, and where they are still shown to such as are desirous to see them. Accordingly, Izates abode in that country until his father's death. But the very day that Monobazus died, queen Helena sent for all the grandees and governors of the kingdom, and for those that had the armies

Josephus here u es the word movozen, an only begotten son, for no other than one best beloved, as does both the Old and the New Testament I mean where there were one or more sons be ides Gen. xxii. 2. Heb. vi. 17. See the note on Antiq B. i. ch xiii § 1. vol 1. + It is here very remarkable, that the remains of Noah's ark were believed to be still in being in the days of Josephus. See the note on Ant'q. B. i. ch. iii. § 5.

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