ner honourable to himself and useful to his sovereign. He was greatly esteemed by the Commons, for in the addresses of Cade and his adherents, Henry was requested to direct his government by the advice of the well affected barons; and John de Mowbray was particularly mentioned by them, as a person worthy of the royal confidence. In the disputes between the Dukes of York and Somerset, John Duke of Norfolk advocated the cause of the Yorkist; and a speech of his in the House of Lords against Somerset is still extant, which, though concise, is nervous, full to the purpose, and artfully addressed to the passions both of the noble lords and of the people in general, and in form and method would not disgrace a modern orator. In the first of Edward the Fourth, 1461, John was constituted Justice Itinerant of all the Forests south of Trent; but dying the same year, 1461, was buried at Thetford, in Norfolk, leaving issue, by Eleanor his wife, who was the daughter of William, Lord Bourchier, afterwards Earl of Essex, John his son and heir. Before his father's decease, JOHN DE MOWBRAY had been created Earl Warren and Surrey. When he succeeded to the Dukedom, he stood high in the favour of King Edward, for he granted him a commission, with other noble lords, to array all the men capable of bearing arms in the county of Norfolk, against the Duke of Clarence, who from some cause or other had quarrelled with his brother. John died at Framlingham, in the county of Norfolk, fifteenth of Edward the Fourth, 1475, and was buried at Thetford, leaving issue, by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of John Talbot, first Earl of Shrewsbury, Ann his sole heir. ANN DE MOWBRAY was betrothed to Richard Duke of York, second son of Edward the Fourth, but she dying before consummation, the honours and inheritance of the Mowbrays passed into the families of Howard and Berkley*, who had married the daughters of Thomas, first Duke of Norfolk. PEDIGREE William Marquis of Berkley, because his brother Maurice did not marry a person of honourable patronage, settled, for want of issue of his own body, much of his property upon Henry the Seventh; in lieu whereof the King gave him leave to convey twenty-five of his other lordships to whom he pleased. To Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby, he sold Epworth, Belton, Haxey, Owston, and Wroot. Roger, who by royal mandate assumed the name Alice de Gaunt and arms of MOWBRAY, living 1145 Robert Philip Henry Roger Nigel, died 1191 Mabel, daughter of the Earl of Clare William, died 1222 Agnes, daughter of the Earl of Arundel Robert Nigel, who had no-Maud, daughter of Roger de Roger, died 1266, Maud, daughter to William de issue, died 1228 Camvil Beauchamp Andrew John Edmund William Three daughters, whose names are not mentioned John, who was hanged at York, and had his estates confiscated, for Aliva de Breos John, who granted the deed called Mowbray's deed, Elizabeth daughter of John John, created Earl of Nottingham, died unmarried, 1382 died 1368 1 Elizabeth daugh--Thomas created Earl Marshal Thomas, be--Constance,daugh- John 2 Elizabeth sister and co-heir to Thomas Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundel Catherine, daugh- Margaret Sir Robert Isabel-Sir Thos. Earl of Westmor land John, died 1461 Eleanor, daughter of William Lord Bourchier Elizabeth, daughter of John Talbot, first Earl of Shrewsbury Berkley This Coat of Arms, according to the best authorities, denotes those qualifications which are the glory and honour of knight. hood, courage, strength, a clear conscience, and charity. See Leigh, Kent, Gwillim. THE MANOR COURT. tenants at least, the Manor is lost. HE MOWBRAYS, like other great Lords, held here a domestic court, called the Court Baron, for redressing misdemeanors and nuisances within the Manor, and for settling disputes of property among the tenants. This Court is an essential part in the constitution of every Manor; and if the number of suitors should so fail as not to leave sufficient to make a jury or homage, that is, two They had also a Court Leet or View of Frankpledge, which is a court of record, held once a year, and granted by charter from the King to the Lords of particular hundreds or manors. original intent was to view the freemen within the liberty, to preserve the peace, and to present and also to punish all offences and misdemeanors against the public good. This conjunction of Court Baron and Court Leet, or View of Frankpledge, armed the Lord with a power little short of despotic: he had the power of trying his own dependants, and condemning them to death *, even for a theft committed in his own Manor; he had a right to the forfeitures incurred by the complainant or defendant in any cause that was submitted to the determination of his Court; he could search for stolen Its * The gallows appertaining to the Manor of Doncaster was only destroyed in 1614. Wainwright's Topographical History. stolen goods within the extent of his seignory, and sequester to himself any that were seized on the person of the thief, if the challenger could neither ascertain his property, nor prove his accusation; and he had authority to exact tribute or toll from all persons that brought their wares to his markets or fairs*. The customs of this Manor, and the rights and privileges of the tenants, were ascertained and defined by an inquisition held within the said Manor, in the year 1776. They are in substance as followst: "All the copyholds of this Manor are copyholds of inheritance, and are deviseable by copy of court roll, in fee-tayle, fee-simple, for life, or for a term of years. The surrender of these lands to be made by a straw into the hands of the Steward of the Manor, for every demise of a copyhold beyond the term of four years, except he have licence from the Steward, for which license the Steward is to charge xxd. In default to be amerced by the Manor inquest, and to undergo no other penalty. A list of entries to be kept: ivd. to be charged for search, xd. for a copy. "Every femme covert being a widow, and every husband of a woman having an inheritance in this Manor, is to have the same interest in the copyholds, as they have in freeholds at common law. "The fines due to the Lord are, For every acre of arable land, and so on proportionally For every small cottage 026 "Fines on mortgage to be proportioned to the amount of the money borrowed. On surrender, the Lord is not entitled to any heriots or reliefs. "The Commoners have right of pasturage on all the Commons, for all sorts of cattle, at all times of the year, common of turbary to dig wood, sand, sods, clay, for any purpose. *-Whitaker's Manchester, Vol. 2. p. 123. From the original document, in the possession of R. P. Johnson, Esq. "Persons |