heading of Sir A. Carew, Sir J. Hotham, Captain Hotham, and Archbishop Laud, in 1645. 6. The breaking of the Great Seal, the 11th of August, 1646.

The plates are accompanied by prose details and explanations, bringing down the events to the 11th of August, 1646, and at the conclusion are the words, "Collected by John Vicars." Vicars had the presumption, in 1632, to publish a translation of the Eneid, a ludicrous mixture of bombast, barbarism, and bathos.

VIENNA.

Vienna. Noe Art can cure this hart. Where in is storied the valorous atchievements, famous triumphs, constant love, great miseries, and finall happines of the well deserving, truly noble and most valiant Kt. S. Paris of Vienna, and the most admired amiable Princess the faire Vienna. London Printed for Richard Hawkins &c. n. d. 4to. 95 leaves.

On some copies of this production the date of 1650 is found, but the present edition is, perhaps, earlier. Opposite to an engraved title-page, by Gifford, are some explanatory verses, and others in commendation of the author (for it is spoken of by him and his friends as an original work) are prefixed. The only writer of note who lends his praise is Thomas Heywood, the dramatist.

A translation of the original romance came from the press of Caxton in 1485, and it formed the subject of a play acted before Queen Elizabeth by the children of Westminster on Shrove Tuesday, 1571. (Vide Hist. Engl. Dram. Poetry, I. 197.) Dr. Dibdin (Typ. Ant. I. 261) informs us that "the original is of Provençal growth, and was translated into French by Pierre de la Sippade." It is singular, as we learn on the same authority, that Caxton's impression, which purports to be "translated out of French into English," should be of an earlier date than any known foreign edition.

VINEGAR AND MUSTARD.

Vinegar and Mustard: or Wormwood-Lectures for every Day in the Week. Being exercised and delivered in severall Parishes both of Town and City, on several dayes.

A dish of tongues here's for a feast,

Sowre sawce for sweet meat is the best.

Taken Verbatim in short-writing by J. W.- London Printed for Will. Whitwood, at the Golden Bell in Duck-Lane. 1673. 8vo. 12 leaves.

On the title-page is a woodcut (see Roxburghe Ballads, 4to, 1847, p. 89) representing a husband returning home to his shop after a debauch, with a jug in his hand, but refused admittance by his angry wife. It is a mere chap-book, and we may reasonably believe that it was originally published considerably anterior to the date it bears. If a small tract were popular, it was sure to be reprinted, but in very many instances the ancient editions have been lost. One proof of the contrary, however, is now before us, in a piece entitled "The Anatomie of Pope Ioane,” which was first printed by Richard Field, in 1591, 4to, and was reprinted by him in 12mo, as long afterwards as 1624, with the addition of the initials of the supposed author, "Written by I. M.,” possibly Jervis Markham.

Vinegar and Mustard" consists of curtain- lectures by wives to their husbands, with such "answers" as the husbands were able to make. Neither the charges nor the replies are at all times very delicate or refined, whether as regards dirt or decency. They are calculated for every day in the week, and chiefly relate to the class of society forming the usual purchasers of such commodities. 66 Fridayes Lecture" is different from the others, and consists of a scolding-match between "bold Bettris” and “Welsh Guentlin," two market-women, who, after abusing each other very roundly and coarsely, agree to make up their differences over "half a dozen of ale" at the Fox public-house. This is entirely prose, but in other cases the wife's accusation is in prose, and the husband's defence in verse. There is a good deal of humor in some of the dialogues, and the following stanzas are at the back of the title-page:

"The Book to the Reader or Hearer.

"Tis no Tub Lecture which I teach,
But Ile tell you what some women preach;
then, pray come near and hear me.
I am black ink and paper white;
Although I bark, I will not bite:
therefore, you need not feare me.

"No modest woman I envy,
Because I love them heartily,

and prize them more than gold.
None will exceptions take at me,
But such as think they gauled be,
and that's, I'm sure, a Scold."

Here we see the old use of the word "envy" in the sense of hate, so common in the time of Shakspeare; and in the first husband's answer we meet with "warned" in the sense of summoned ; (Julius Cæsar, Act V. sc. 1, &c.) In his "Tale of Melibœus," Chaucer always uses "6 warn as the synonym of summon :

"Know, I am going to the Hall,

Where we this day Master and Wardens chuse:

I, being warn'd, must not refuse."

In the second husband's answer we have an account of the attire of a smart innkeeper's wife :

"You have good gowns unto your back,

and Wastcoats are not base;

Kirtles and scarlet Petticoats,

with silk and golden lace;

Your Beaver-hat, lac'd Handkerchiefs,
and yet you call me goose," &c.

The “Thursdayes Lecture" contains a droll and very characteristic speech by a wife, who was a Puritan, to her husband, "who would not be edified by her," where, among other things, she says: "You (forsooth) will go no where to be edified, but to your steeple-houses, upon your heathenish daies, there where they teach nothing almost but the language of the Beast," &c.

Among the local allusions, &c. we have a reference to Turnmill or Turnbull-Street, Clerkenwell, to the pond which formerly existed in Smithfield, to Billingsgate Market and its bell, to the

custom of allowing women confined in Newgate to beg at the grated window, &c. We may, perhaps, conclude that the chapbook was first printed anterior to the Civil Wars, and that the initials J. W., on the title-page, were those of one of the numerous and prolific pamphleteers of that period: it is just in the style of Price, Guy, or Parker.

VIRGINIA. A true Relation of such occurrences and accidents of noate as hath hapned in Virginia since the first planting of that Collony, which is now resident in the South part thereof, till the last returne from thence. Written by Captaine Smith one of the said Collony, to a worshipfull friend of his in England. London Printed for John Tappe, and are to bee solde at the Greyhound in Paules-Church-yard, by W. W. 1608. 4to. B. L. 19 leaves.

This copy consists in fact of twenty leaves, the fly-leaf before the title-page being marked sign. A., and the first leaf after the title-page A 3. On the title-page is a woodcut of a ship in full sail.

There are differences between this copy and that in the Grenville Library: in the first place, it is avowedly on the title-page the work of Capt. Smith, and not of "Thomas Watson, Gent.": then, there is no preliminary address to the reader and no map. Yet this copy is evidently complete, and the signatures (from A to E 4) quite regular. The name of Watson nowhere appears in it, and throughout it is written in the first person, but not subscribed by anybody; there is also no date nor place at the end. In the whole it includes the incidents of about a year; for in the opening the writer of the letter speaks of 26th April, when they set sail for Dominica from the Canaries, and on sign. E he mentions the unexpected return of Capt. Nelson to the fort on 20th April: in neither instance is the year given, but it was probably 1607.

It is useless to enter into any of the events detailed, since they

are very numerous and crowded into a small compass: the most important are the hanging of Capt. Kendall for plotting against the Colony, and the capture and subsequent liberation of Capt. Smith by the Indians, when they had him alone and completely at their mercy. There is little interest in any part of the narrative, which is somewhat hastily and confusedly put together. Notwithstanding what is said in the address before the Grenville exemplar, we believe that Watson was the real author of the tract, though Capt. Smith's more popular name was used in the copy before us.

VIRGINIA. A Good Speed to Virginia. Esay. 42. 4. He shall not faile nor be discouraged, &c. London Printed by Felix Kyngston for William Welbie, and are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the Greyhound in Pauls Church-yard. 1609. 1609. 4to. B. L. 15 leaves.

This is an able pamphlet of considerable rarity, published for the purpose of encouraging a spirit of adventure for the settlement of Virginia. Views of worldly policy and of religious duty are judiciously mixed up together, so as to secure the good opinion of various classes. The main drift is however pious, urging the duty of an expedition to North America, on the score of the advantage that would accrue to the poor savages by being brought into the Christian communion. The necessity of relieving Great Britain of surplus population, and the prospect of wealth and happiness to the undertakers are also very strongly pointed out. A new enterprise of the kind was at that time in hand.

"The Epistle Dedicatorie" to the Lords, Knights, Merchants, and Gentlemen “Adventurers for the plantation of Virginia” is subscribed R. G., and is dated "From mine house at the Northend of Sithes lane, London, April 28, Anno 1609."

The body of the work starts, like a sermon, with a long text from Joshua xvii. 14, and a parallel is kept up throughout between the children of Joseph, and the people of England seeking out