OPPOSITE THE JULICHS-PLACE, COLOGNE. THE MOST ANCIENT DISTILLER OF THE EAU DE COLOGNE SINCE 1709. Purveyors to their Majesties the QUEEN of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, the EMPEROR of GERMANY, the EMPEROR of all the RUSSIAS, the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA, their Royal Highnesses the PRINCE and the PRINCESS of WALES, &c., &c. PRIZE MEDALS IN LONDON 1851 AND 1862, IN PARIS 1855 AND 1867, IN OPORTO 1865, IN VIENNA 1873. CAUTION-With regard to the great number of manufactures of a so-called EAU DE COLOGNE carried on by people who succeeded in getting a firm of FARINA in order to be able to sell their article, it is of particular necessity to caution persons who are desirous to purchase my genuine EAU DE COLOGNE, to direct letters to my very exact address; Johann Maria Farina, gegenuber dem Julichs-Platz (which means opposite the Jülichs-Place) Cologne, (without addition of any number). Travellers visiting Cologne and intending to buy my genuine article are cautioned against being led astray by cabmen, guides, commissioners and other parties who offer their services to them. I therefore beg to state that my manufacture and store are in the same house situated opposite the Jülichs-Place and nowhere else. It happens namely too frequently that the said persons conduct the uninstructed strangers to shops of one of the fictitious firms where, notwithstanding assertion to the contrary, they are remunerated with nearly half the part of the price paid by the purchaser, who, of course, must pay indirectly this remuneration by a high price and a bad article. Another kind of imposition is practised in almost every hotel in Cologne where waiters, commissioners, &c., offer to strangers EAU DE COLOGNE, pretending that it is the genuine one and that I delivered it to them for the purpose of selling it for my account. The only certain way to get in Cologne my genuine article is to buy it personally in my own house, opposite the Julichs-Place, of which the very resembling facade is above. COLOGNE, April, 1887. JOHANN MARIA FARINA, gegenüber dem Julichs-Platz. COLOGNE. Hotels: see "HOTEL LIST." ARRIVAL.-All the first-class hotels send omnibuses to the station, and a porter from each hotel is always in attendance at both the arrival and departure of trains. Passengers arriving have only to deliver their luggage tickets to him at the exit door, and he attends to its delivery. Cabs, as well as omnibuses, are abundant at the station. For shops: see "SPECIALITIES OF EUROPEAN CITIES." ENGLISH CHURCH, on Sundays, 11 A. M. and at 4 P.M., in the new and handsome chapel of the Hôtel du Nord. OBJECTS OF INTEREST.-The CATHEDRAL, or Dom, Church of St Ursula, or of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, Church of St Gereon, St Peters, Museum, Hotel de Ville, Zoological Gardens. Cologne was an important Roman colony, from which circumstance it derives its name. Agrippina, daughter of Germanicus, and wife of the Emperor Claudius, was born here, and adorned the place with an amphitheatre, temples, aqueducts, &c., of which there are still vestiges. It was the capital of Lower Rhenish Gaul until 330, and, after many vicissitudes, was annexed to the German empire in 870. It became one of the richest and most powerful members of the Hanseatic League, and carried on an extensive commerce with all the maritime people of the period. The merchants of Cologne enjoyed great privileges in England, and allowed no ships to carry merchandise on the Rhine past their city, except their own. The University of Cologne was one of the most esteemed in Germany, and all the arts were cul tivated there with distinguished success. The town ceased to be free in 1794, when it fell into the hands of the French, who kept possession of it until 1814. The Archbishop was an Elector of the German Empire, but his electorate was suppressed with the liberties of the town. The CATHEDRAL is naturally the first place to be visited. This grand Gothic edifice has not inappropriately been called the St Peter's of the north, as there is no church of its order which in any degree approaches it in vastness of dimensions or design. Its first stone was laid in 1248, on the destruction by fire of a preceding edifice; the choir was consecrated in 1322; the southern tower had attained what appeared destined to be its final height in 1437; the north and south aisles of the nave had only been carried up to the capitals of their columns in 1509, and all progress since that date has been made in our own times. A subscription was set on foot throughout Europe for its completion, towards which the two last kings of Prussia have added very large sums. The total amount expended on the completion was over £900,000. Frederick William IV. laid the first stone of the transept in 1842; the nave, aisles, and transepts were consecrated in 1848, the north and south portals have been finished, and the whole interior was thrown open in 1863. The last stone of the south tower was put in its position in August 1880, and the completion of the cathedral was celebrated with great ceremony in the presence of the German Emperor and princes in October of the same year. The entire length is 511 feet, the height of the towers 511 feet, and the width 231 feet. "The choir consists of five aisles, is 161 feet high, and internally, from its size, height, and disposition of pillars, niches, and chapels, and beautifully coloured windows, resembling a splendid vision. Externally, its double range of stupendous flying buttresses and intervening piers, bristling with a forest of purpled pinnacles strike the beholder with awe and astonishment."-Hope. Against the columns of the choir stand colossal statues of the twelve Apostles, the Virgin, and Christ, of the 14th century; the stained glass windows, and the carved seats and stalls are of the same period. King Louis of Bavaria presented the painted windows which are in the south aisle of the nave. They are inferior to those in the north aisle. The celebrated shrine of the "THREE KINGS OF COLOGNE," or the Magi who brought offering to the Saviour from the East, is in the chapel immediately behind the high altar. Their bones were presented by Barbarossa to Rainaldo, Archbishop of Cologne, in 1162. The case of silver-gilt, in which the bones are preserved, is very curiously wrought, and richly inlaid with jewels and precious stones, but it was deprived of many of the jewels for the maintenance of its guardians, during its removal to Westphalia in the time of the French Revolution; nevertheless, it is asserted that the treasures of the shrine are still worth £240,000. It is only shown to the public free on Sundays and festivals; at other times it is shown by the sacristan for a fee of 1 mark for each person. A slab in the pavement, between the high altar and the shrine, covers the heart of Marie de Medicis; and the side chapels of the choir contain several monuments of the archbishops, commencing with Conrad, of Hochsteden, the founder of the church. In the chapel of St Agnes is a very old picture in distemper (1410), representing the Adoration of the Magi, and the legend of Cologne's other patron saints, Saint Ursula and Saint Gereon. In the sacristy are relics of saints, church plate, and many other curiosities. A good view of the town may be had from the roof. In the church of St Ursula, called also the Church of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, is the tomb of St Ursula, and the walls of the church and of the treasury, or golden chamber, are covered with the bones of her unfortunate companions. The legend is that St Ursula, the daughter of a British king, made a pilgrimage to Rome, accompanied by 11,000 virgins. On their way back to their own country, they were massacred at Cologne by the Huns, because they persisted in remaining faithful to their vows. In the treasury, to show which the sacristan requires a fee, are, besides the skulls of the saint and a few of her companions, her relics in a silver case, part of an earthen vessel which held the water which was turned to wine at the Marriage in Cana, &c. The church of St Gereon is lined with the bones of the 6000 Martyrs of the Theban Legion who were slain here in 286 by order of the Emperor Diocletian. It is one of the finest churches in Cologne; the nave dates from 1212, the rest of the church from 1069. |