was the Ricomagus of the Romans. Its only curiosity is the Romanesque gateway near the church, which is ornamented with sculptures of the 11th century, and is thought to have belonged to a palace of the Frankish kings. A little below Remagen, upon a hill called Apollinarisberg, is а Gothic church erected in 1852, at the expense of the Count of Furstenberg, and under the direction of Zwirner, the architect of the cathedral of Cologne. This church, with the exception of the choir, is lighted by round windows, and is ornamented with frescoes of scenes in the lives of Christ, the Virgin Mary, and St Apollinaris. The house in front of the church is a convent of Franciscans.

LINTZ is an old fortified town with a considerable trade. Its castle, built in 1364, was burned by the troops of Charles le Téméraire in 1475. The town was taken by the French in 1688. The church of St Martin dates from the 13th century. It contains some old monuments and curious ancient pictures. A little to the east of the town, upon a height called Hummelsberg, the citizens of Linz erected, on the 17th of October 1838, being the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Battle of Leipsic, a cross in commemoration of that victory; and nearer the Rhine, upon a height called Kaiserberg, a cross has been erected in memory of the Battle of Waterloo. Below Linz, on the right, are the ruins of the Castle of Ockenfels; and a little lower down, near the village of Erpel, rises the Erpelerlei, a basaltic rock nearly 700 ft. above the river, upon the sides of which vines are planted in baskets filled with earth and fastened in the crevices of the rock.

RHEINBROHL is a small village on the left bank (with a pretty Gothic church), near which_is the hamlet of Hoennigen. Behind the latter is the castle of ARENFELS, an old castle of the princes of Leyen. Since 1849 it has been the property of Count Westerholt, by whom it has been rebuilt. It contains a good collection of armour, and the park affords some beautiful views. On the right bank are the villages of Arendorf, Leubsdorf, and Dattenberg.

Passsing the small village of RHEINECK on our left we notice on a wooded height the CHATEAU OF RHEINECK, a modern castellated residence, built upon the site of an ancient castle, the only remains of which are the square donjon tower. The chateau is handsomely furnished, and the interior, which contains some fine pictures, is shown to visitors. It is the property of a Professor of Bonn. The view from the gardens is one of the finest on the Rhine. It embraces the course of the Rhine from Mt. St Appolinaris to Andernach. The little village of Bröhl on our left is celebrated for the Tufa stone found near it. This stone has a peculiar property of absorbing water. The Romans used it for making coffins, whence comes the term sarcophagus or "Flesh consumer.'

On the summit of a rock to the left are the ruins of the castle of HAMMERSTEIN. It was built towards the end of the 10th century, and served in 1105 as the retreat of Henry IV. when pursued by his sons. In 1374 Charles IV. gave it to the Archbishop of Trèves. After the peace of Westphalia, 1660, it was destroyed at the instigation of the Archbishop of Cologne.

ANDERNACH (Hotels: Schoefer, Hackenbruch), the Antonacum of

the Romans, and the residence of a Roman Prefect, is one of the most ancient and picturesque towns on the Rhine. It was taken by the Germans in 355, and retaken by Julien in 359. Under the Frankish Monarchy it was a residence of the kings of Austrasia, and in the Middle Ages was a free Imperial City. It was afterwards held by the Archbishops of Trèves and Cologne. Taken by the Swedes in 1632, by the French in 1688, and annexed to France under the Empire, it now belongs to Prussia. It was burned by the French in 1688, who set fire to it in six places, and who destroyed also the castle built in 1109 by the Archbishop of Cologne, the ruins of which are seen near the Coblenz Gate.

The parish church, a beautiful specimen of Roman architecture, was built in 1206. It has four towers, and its portals are richly ornamented. The telescope tower near the river, the base of which is round and the upper part octagonal, dates from 1520. On the west side may be seen a breach made by French cannon in 1688.

NEUWIED (Hotel: Anchor).

At the lower end of the town are the château and garden of the Prince of Wied. This is a rapidly growing town, and possesses considerable trade; it has several important manufacturing establishments. In a building in the park of the Prince is an interesting collection of natural history. At some little distance from the river, on the right, we see the village of WEISSENTHURM, with a little church ornamented with frescoes by Gassen. The tower at the end of the village, to which it owes its name, was built by Kuno of Falkenstein in 1370. In 1797 General Hoche crossed the Rhine at this place.

Near the road, south-west of the village, is an obelisk erected to his memory. He died at Metzlar soon after crossing the Rhine.

BENDORF (left bank) possesses a church in the Romanesque style. The ornamentation is curious. Further on, upon the right bank, is Engers. The château near the bank of the river occupies the site of a fortress, built by Kuno of Falkenstein in 1380. Antiquaries believe that the remnants of walls, which are seen in the bed of the river below the village, are parts of an old Roman bridge, and that Cæsar crossed the Rhine at this place in the year 50 B.C.

Nearing Coblentz we pass the Island of NIEDERWERTH, upon which is a village of the same name, near which are the remains of the church of an old convent of Cistercians. Edward III. of England resided for some time in 1337 in a palace of the Electors which stood near the middle of the island. Here interviews took place between him and Louis, Emperor of Germany, and other princes.

COBLENZ (Hotels: see "HOTEL LIST.") This city Owes its name to its position, being situ

ated at the confluence of the Rhine and Moselle. The Romans built a fort here 13 years B. C., which they called Confluentia. After having been a capital of the Frankish kings, it became a part of the kingdom of Lorraine, when the three sons of Louis le Debonnaire partitioned the kingdom of Charlemagne. It afterwards passed into the hands of the Archbishops of Trèves. During the Thirty Years' War it was occupied by the Swedes, and afterwards by the French. Taken by Marceau in 1794, it became the chief town of a department of the French Empire.

Since 1815 it has belonged to

Prussia. The city itself contains few objects of interest. In the old part of the town, in the angle formed by the junction of the Rhine and the Moselle, is the old Church of St Castor, originally built in the 9th century. It was burned in the 11th century, and has been rebuilt at various dates from 1201 to 1498. It has four towers and three naves. In the choir is the tomb of Archbishop Kuno of Falkenstein. In this church the representatives of the three sons of Louis le Debonnaire met in 843 to partition the vast empire of Charlemagne. In front of the church is the fountain of St Castor, erected by a French Prefet in commemoration of the entry of the French into Moscow, upon which is the following inscription: "The year 1812, memorable for the campaign against the Russians, under the Prefectorate of Jules Doazan." The Russian General who occupied Coblenz on the 1st of Jan. 1814 caused to be engraved under this inscription, "Seen and approved by the Russian Commandant of the city of Coblenz, 1st of January 1814." Near the Place St Castor is the Palace of the Commandant, which, under the French, was the Prefecture. Napoleon and Josephine lodged in this palace from the 17th to the 20th September 1804. Among the edifices in the new town is the Royal Palace, built in 1786 by the last elector of Trèves: it was occupied by the French as a hospital and barracks. In 1845 it was restored and converted into a royal residence. The present Empress of Germany resides here during a part of each summer

EHRENBREITSTEIN (Honour's broad stone) is opposite Coblenz. A bridge of boats connects the latter with Thal-Ehrenbreitstein, a village below the heights on which the fortress stands. (Tick

ets of admission, good only for the day on which they are issued, may be had at the office of the Lieutenant-Commandant at the entrance. Price 50 pf each. Fee to the soldier who acts as guide, 50 to 75 pf.) This fortress is first mentioned in history in 633, when King Dagobert II. presented it to the Archbishops of Trèves, who occasionally sought refuge in it. In the 15th century it was converted into a modern fortress. In 1631 the Elector Philip delivered it to the French, who occupied it five years. It was unsuccessfully besieged in 1688 by Marshal Boufflers, and in 1795-6 by Marceau. In 1799 it was surrendered to the French army after a protracted siege. The French held it until after the peace of Luneville, when it was destroyed. Since 1816 the Prussian Government has expended vast sums of money in rebuilding and extending it, and it is now one of the strongest fortresses in the world. It mounts 400 cannon, and its storehouses are large enough to contain provisions for 8000 men for 10 years.

The view from the platform of the summit is one of the most beautiful on the Rhine. On other heights around Coblenz are Forts Alexander and Constantine.

On the right bank of the Moselle, near the road to Cologne, and fifteen minutes' ride from Coblenz, is the monument erected to the memory of General Mar

Lamenting and yet envying such a doom, Falling for France, whose rights he battled to resume."-BYRON.

Leaving Coblentz we pass on the right bank of the Lahn, which here flows into the Rhine, is the village of NIEDERLAHNSTEIN. (Ems may be reached from this place by railway in one hour.) Opposite, upon the left bank, above the little village of Capellen, is the château of STOLZENFELS, or "The Proud Rock," one of the most imposing castles on the Rhine. It was built in 1250 by Arnold, Archbishop of Trèves, and destroyed by the French in 1688. It remained in ruins until 1823, when it was purchased by the city of Coblenz, and presented to the Prince Royal, afterwards Frederick William IV., who expended £50,000 in restoring and furnishing it. A good road leads to the château, and donkeys are always to be found ready saddled at Capellen.

The interior decorations of the château are extremely simple; they comprise some frescoes and a few pieces of armour. Among the swords are shown those of Napoleon, Murat, Kosciuszko, Tilly, and Blucher. A row-boat may be had from Stolzenfels to Coblenz (3 miles) for 2 m. 50, a carriage with one horse to Stolzenfels and back costs 3 marks.

RHENSE (Hotel: Zum-Konigsstuhl). It is the oldest town on the borders of the Rhine, most of its houses dating from the four teenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries.

A little below Rhense, very near the bank of the river, and close by the main road, is the KOENIGSSTUHL, a sort of open temple, where the German Electors met, in the open air, to deliberate upon the affairs of the empire, to make treaties of peace,

and to nominate and depose the emperors. Under the French it fell into ruin, and in 1807 it was destroyed to make way for a new road; but in 1843 it was restored as nearly as possible to its ancient condition.

Opposite Koenigsstuhl, on the right bank, is a little white chapel, in which, in the year 1400, the Electors met to depose Wenceslaus, Emperor of Germany, after which, crossing the Rhine to the Koenigsstuhl, they proclaimed the Count Rupert emperor.

The ruins of the Castle of MARXBURG, upon the left bank, crown the hill above the village of Braubach, an ancient town of 1500 inhabitants. The old castle in the town, on the bank of the Rhine, now an inn, was built in 1568 by the Landgrave Philip. A path by the old chapel of St Martin leads to the Marxburg, the only one of the old castles upon the Rhine which is now inhabited. After having belonged for many ages to Hesse Darmstadt, it became, in 1803, the property of the Duke of Nassau, who converted it into a state prison. It is worthy of a visit, as a perfect specimen of the feudal castle of the Middle Ages. It may also be reached by carriage from Braubach.

The river now makes a sharp bend to the right, and then again to the left, when we pass on the right bank the village of BOPPART (Hotel: Spiegel), the Baudobriga of the Romans. Its origin is due to a castle built here by Drusus. It has two churches worthy a visit; the Hauptkirche, built in 1200, and remarkable for its two towers, connected by a gallery; and the Carmeliterkirche, which contains some rich sculptures of the sixteenth century. Among the old houses in the town is the Bayerhaus, formerly inhabited by

Bayer, who assisted Rudolph of Hapsburg to destroy the castles of the robber-knights of the Rhine. The ancient convent of Marienberg, a vast building behind the town, is now a water-cure.

Passing Saliz, on the same side, we see opposite the two castles LIEBENSTEIN and STERNBERG, generally called The Brothers. The legend of these castles is that two brothers, Conrad and Heinrich, sons of the Knight von Boppart, were both enamoured of the lovely Hildegarde, their foster sister. Heinrich generously gave way in favour of his brother, and joined the crusaders. The Knight von Boppart then built the Castle of Sternberg for the reception of the bride and bridegroom, but his death happening suddenly the marriage was postponed. Meanwhile news of the valiant deeds of Heinrich were brought to Conrad, and, as his heart was fired with the desire to emulate his brother in feats of arms, he went to join him in Palestine, and with absence he soon forgot his love for Hildegarde. During their absence Hildegarde passed her days in the old castle of Liebenstein, brooding over her lonely lot. Suddenly Conrad returned home to Sternberg, bringing with him, as his oride, a lovely Grecian girl. Hildegarde, brokenhearted, now shut herself up in her chamber in Liebenstein, refusing to see anyone but her attendant. Late one night a strange knight arrived at her castle, and craved shelter, which was accorded him. Hearing of the wrongs of Hildegarde, he challenged Conrad to mortal combat. Just as the contest was commencing, Hildegarde appeared, and recognising in the strange knight the absent Heinrich, she rushed between them, and insisted on a reconciliation, to which they reluctantly con

sented. Hildegarde then retired to the convent of Bornhofen, which was at the foot of the rock on which the castles stand.

Conrad's bride shortly afterwards became faithless to him, and the brothers were finally reconciled, passing the remainder of their days together in the closest friendship in the castle of Liebenstein, while that of Sternberg was left deserted.

ST GOAR, on the right bank (Hotels: Schneider, Rheinfels, near the pier), owes its origin and name to St Goar, who, in the reign of Sigebert, King of Austrasia in 570, came here to preach to the inhabitants of this vicinity, and who fixed his abode here. His sanctity soon attracted other holy men, and a religious fraternity was established here. The navigation of the river being at that time attended with danger, the pious Goar, after passing the day in exhorting his rude hearers, devoted the night to watching the passing barques, and to saving them, when endangered, from wreck. Sigebert, hearing of his piety and benevolence, made him Archbishop of Trèves. Goar declined the dignity, and asked leave to pursue his useful life. It is said that he proved to his patron the divine origin of his mission "by throwing his threadbare cloak across a sunbeam where it remained suspended, as on a peg.' Upon the hermit's death, Sigebert caused a chapel to be built over his remains, and here for many centuries the monks of St Goar received pilgrims, and extended the rites of hospitality to travellers. The Protestant church, built in 1486, contains some remarkable monuments of Hessian princes. In the crypt at the east end of this church St Goar was buried. A little way below the town are the ruins of