8

Near by at the mouth of the York River is Yorktown, where the Continental forces under Washington won a decisive victory over the English army, commanded by Cornwallis.

Williamsburg, the second capital of Virginia, the seat of the second oldest college in the United States, lies a few miles from Jamestown. There are many famous buildings and ruins in the ancient city.

Richmond, known as Byrd's Plantation during Colonial days, is the third and present capital of Virginia - I was also the capital of the Confederate States of America. It is dotted with monuments of artistic and historic interest.

Battles in Indian, Colonial and Revolutionary wars were fought all through Tidewater Virginia; and during the Civil War every foot of earth from Big Bethel, where the first land encounter occurred, to Appomattox, the scene of the surrender, was tramped by the belligerents and fiercely contested. Among the many places where fights occurred these will suffice to give an idea of the strife: Big Bethel, Sewell's Point, Craney Island, Norfolk, Fort Magruder, King's Mill, Green Spring, Fort Powhatan, Charles City, Weyanoke, City Point, Petersburg, The Crater, Fort Brady, Fort Willcox, Fort Spofford, Chaffin's Bluff, Glendale, Henrico Station, Cold Harbor, Gaines' Mill, Brook Church, Savage Station, Appomattox.

The most famous naval encounter of the Civil War was the battle of the Merrimac and Monitor. This duel took place in

Hampton Roads, within plain sight of the Exposition grounds. Every student of history will remember that on that occasion iron-clad first met iron-clad. This battle will be reproduced during the exposition period, and will be not only entertaining but instructive. Modern navies date from that conflict, and the representatives of all the world's navies will see in 1907 just how the combatants conducted themselves in this struggle without a precedent.

The Jamestown Expositon will afford one of the most delightful excursions to be anticipated next summer. The Baltimore & Ohio lines from the principal cities in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsylvania and Maryland all lead direct to Baltimore, at the head of the Chesapeake Bay, and to Washington on the Potomac River, which empties into the Bay; and passengers to the Exposition will have opportunity to take boats at either of these cities and enjoy one of the most beautiful water trips in the world, surrounded on all points with historic places. Presuming therefore one intends to visit the Exposition, bearing in mind the great historical facts, what could be more appropriate than to come to Baltimore and sail out of the city past Fort McHenry and see the Star Spangled Banner" floating from the flagstaff, made eternal by Francis Scott Key, and on the way down pass Fort Carrol and Annapolis. Or going to Washington and taking the boat there, passing Mount Vernon where the illustrious Washington lived and lies buried!

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T

HE following interesting itinerary is reproduced from the Chillicothe, O., News-Advertiser, with the exception of the names mentioned therein. The journey was made before the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad had completed its lines across the mountains. The stage coach referred to was over the route of the Old National Pike:

Monday, February 26, 1844.— Cloudy. pared to go East.

Pre

Tuesday, February 27.--We remained up until the stage called, and we started in the morning at 1 o'clock for the East. We arrived at Lancaster at 7 o'clock for breakfast. Cold, raw atmosphere, and some rain. Arrived at Somerset at 12 o'clock, and at Zanesville at half past 3 o'clock, where we took supper. Started from Zanesville at 7 o'clock with twelve passengers, beautiful moonlight, but cold weather.

Wednesday, February 28.- Clear.

Arrived

at Wheeling at 10 o'clock and took breakfast. Waited until afternoon and started for Cumberland at 1 o'clock; arrived at Washington, Pa., at 7 o'clock and took supper. The evening was warm and pleasant and moonlight night. Arrived in Brownsville, Pa., about 12 o'clock and stopped at Workman's Hotel.

Thursday, February 29.-Arrived at Uniontown about 5 o'clock and started from there about 6 o'clock. Ascended Laurel Hill, which we found on the western side without snow, but descending it, we found it covered with snow and ice, and very ugly traveling. The weather was very mild on the mountain, and it rained nearly all day. In the evening at 6 o'clock we arrived at Frostburg, Md., where we took supper, and at 11 o'clock at Cumberland, where we stayed overnight.

Friday, March 1.-We arose at 6 o'clock, got shaved, took breakfast, and started for Baltimore on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. Arrived at Harper's Ferry at half past 12 o'clock, where we took dinner, and arrived at Baltimore at half past 5 o'clock. Stopped at Barnum's Hotel. At 9 o'clock went and got some oysters.

Saturday, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, March 2 to 5, in Baltimore.

Wednesday, March 6.-Started from Baltimore at 9 o'clock on the railroad, and arrived in Philadelphia at 3 o'clock; stopped at the United States Hotel.

Thursday, March 7.-Ordered a bill of hardware direct from England.

Friday, March 8.-Rain all day. Started from Philadelphia at 9 o'clock and arrived in New York at half past 2 o'clock. Took lodging at Howard Hotel. In the evening went to a bath-house for baths.

ComSaturday, March 9.-A little rain. menced business in New York. In the evening went to see the Automaton and went to the Olympic Theatre.

Sunday, March 10.-In the afternoon made

calls.

Monday, March 11.-In the evening went to the Park Theatre where we saw Booth, the tragedian, play Richard the Third. Tuesday, March 12.-In the evening went to Florence and ate some oysters.

Friday, March 15.-Left New York at 8 o'clock and arrived in Philadelphia at 3 o'clock; stopped at United States Hotel.

Saturday, March 16.-Left Philadelphia, arrived in Baltimore at 2 o'clock.

Sunday, March 17.-Clear weather. In Balti

more.

Tuesday, March 19.-Left Baltimore at 7 o'clock for home. Arrived at Harper's Ferry at 12 o'clock, and Cumberland at half past 4 o'clock. Took supper at Cumberland, and took the mail stage at half past 5 o'clock.

Wednesday, March 20.-Arrived at Uniontown at 11 o'clock and Washington at 9 o'clock, where we took supper.

Thursday, March 21.-Arrived at Wheeling at 4 o'clock in the morning. Took breakfast and left Wheeling at 8 o'clock. Arrived in Zanesville at half past 9 o'clock. Took supper and left there at 11 o'clock.

Friday, March 22.-Arrived at Lancaster at half past 8 o'clock, took breakfast; left Lancaster at 10 o'clock, and arrived in Chillicothe at half past 4 o'clock.

[Readers will observe that the travelers were three days and three nights in a stage coach, returning from Cumberland, Md., to Chillicothe; and three days and two nights going the same distance eastward.]

F

OR the week commencing September 10, the city of Baltimore has issued a call to all of her scattered children and children's children to come home. Maryland is an old State and her sons and daughters make up the residential lists of nearly every city in the United States. The "home-coming" is for the purpose of showing off the new city, rebuilt since the great fire in February, 1904. With many of the old buildings burned there were also many old fogy ideas, and the new ideas are in line with the energies displayed by the grandfathers and greatgrandfathers of the present generation.

There are many "first things" among Baltimore's past achievements. She produced the first railroad of the country, the first telegraph and the first electric street railway car. These three things are of foremost importance in the commercial welfare of the whole country, and the city has reason to be proud. But there was no intention to rest on former laurels but to continue striving ahead. This was fully demonstrated in the activity displayed in rebuilding the city.

Two and one-half years ago the great Baltimore fire started, which swept through the heart of the business section and destroyed 1,343 buildings, valued at $12,908,300. The fire started shortly before 11 o'clock in the morning, in the building bounded by German and Liberty Streets and Hopkins Place.

Of the 1,343 lots made vacant by the fire there are now only 176 vacant. The Burnt District Commission acquired 700 lots for widening of streets and for new docks. Since February 7, 1904, 600 new buildings have been built at an estimated cost of $25,000,000. Many of these new structures, however, occupy two or three lots, where, before the fire, each of these lots was occupied by a single building. In addition to the rebuilding in the burned district, there has been a general boom in building in other parts of the city and in the suburbs. Wholesale trade has increased about 50 per cent, and merchants are coming here to buy goods who never bought in Baltimore before. Preliminary work on the sewerage system has begun, while the city government has been putting in execution numerous other plans for generally beautifying the city.

The "home-coming" will be celebrated by a general jubilee week, during which the business men of the city will be busy showing off the new city. There will be celebrations and parades and entertainments which will be announced through the press. The railroads will name special

rates from all points as far west as Chicago, and as September is not too late to enjoy the pleasures of nearby seashore resorts, indications are that the "home-coming' will be general.

That Baltimore has reason to be proud of the fact the first railroad of the land resulted from the efforts of its enterprising citizens as far back as 1827 is demonstrated by a little bit of history.

The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad was the offspring of awakening commerce and the forerunner of the great commercial activity of the country, and not only that, it is the only trunk line which carries the name of the city as a perpetual advertisement to all portions of the United States, and, under its charter, will continue to do so.

Baltimore, therefore, is naturally the point of radiation of the lines of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. It had its beginning on the 4th of July, 1828, as the first passenger and freight railroad in America; and with mixed patriotism and enthusiasm its lines builded westward to keep apace with the fast growing country. In the course of time it reached Cumberland, thence Wheeling and the Ohio River; it reached out farther until it embraced Cincinnati, St. Louis, Louisville, Chicago, Columbus, Cleveland, Pittsburg, Washington, Philadelphia and New York, with many branches throughout the States of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois.

The passenger train service between these cities advanced with the times, improving and increasing with the growing demands of the cities and the country through which its route lay.

The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad offers the City of Baltimore the advantage of two railway stations, to and from which all of its principal passenger trains arrive and depart.

Mt. Royal Station is convenient to the northern residence section and Camden Station to the central and southern portions

BALTIMORE'S OLD BUSINESS CENTER.

Carrollton Hotel.

x Where the fire started.

International Trust. Baltimore "News."

Adams Express. The Jewelry District.

Bank of Baltimore..

FROM CONTINENTAL TRUST BUILDING, LOOKING WEST ON BALTIMORE STREET FEBRUARY, 1904.

Union Trust. Calvert Building. C. & P. Telephone Building.