two Indians accompanied the English upon their return? Tell what you know of Lane's colony. Who was Sir Richard Greenville? Where did the colonists land? How did they act toward the Indians? What treachery did they practice? What was awakened? What was feared? What did the colonists decide to do? What opportunity presented itself to carry this decision into execution? Who arrived after the colonists had departed? Who were left to hold possession? What became of them? Tell what you I:now of White's colony. When did it reach Roanoke? Who was Virginia Dare? Where did White go? Why? How long did he stay? What did he find upon his return? What do you know of the Lost Colony of America? What did his efforts to colonize America cost Sir Walter Raleigh?

CHAPTER III.

English Attempts in North Virginia.

The next attempt by England to colonize America was made by CAPTAIN BARTHOLOMEW GOSNOLD, who sailed (1602) with thirty-two men in the ship Concord, and after a passage of forty-nine days reached the coast of what is now Massachusetts. He was the first Englishman to set foot in that region. Sailing south, he found himself in a land-locked bay, and exploring further discovered that it terminated in a cape. He soon doubled this and named it Cape Cod, from the abundance of codfish caught by his men in the surrounding waters.

Continuing along the coast he explored a number of islands, one of which he named Martha's Vineyard. He determined to form a settlement upon one of a chain of islands near the mainland, and in honor of the queen he called it Elizabeth-a name now applied to the whole chain. A fort and storehouse were built, and friendly relations established with the neighboring Indians, with whom a trade in furs, skins and sassafras soon arose. The region seemed admirable in climate and fertility, notwithstanding which, when the time came for the vessels to return to England, most of those who had come over for the purpose of colonizing, refused, for one reason or another, to stay, and the colony was therefore abandoned.

Pring and Weymouth.

A favorable description of the regions visited was brought back. The trade that had been carried on with the Indians turned out very profitably. A voyage was made by MARTIN PRING (1603), who returned after six months without having encountered mishap or danger, and fully corroborated the favorable report of Gosnold. Pring was followed by GEORrge WeyMOUTH (1605), who made a number of landings upon the New England coast, taking formal possession by erecting crosses. Weymouth reached the mouth of the Kennebec River, which was then known as the Sagadahoc, and, treacherously kidnapping five Indians, returned to England.

its members resided.

The whole coast of what is now the United States from Florida to Nova. Scotia was known in those days as Virginia, and eager plans were now made for its colonization. The territory was divided and assigned by grant to two companies, known as the LONDON COMPANY and the PLYMOUTH COMPANY, each named from

the city in which a majority of To the London Company was granted the exclusive right to colonize the territory between the thirty-fourth and thirty-eighth parallels of latitude; to the Plymouth, that between the forty-first and forty-fifth.

The Plymouth Company made the first venture, and the colony sent out was called the POPHAM COLONY, after SIR JOHN POPHAM, one of the leading members of the company. GEORGE POPHAM and RALEIGH GILBERT were the leaders of these colonists, and the ships "Mary and John" and "Gift of God" brought them over to the coast of what is now Maine. SKITWARRES, one of Weymouth's kidnapped Indians, accompanied them.

They landed on Satquin, an island at the mouth of the Sagadahoc, and before winter set in, erected a fort, storehouse, chapel and fifty cabins. Although winter proved severer than it was anticipated, they were provided with abundant supplies, and encountered but few hardships. Notwithstanding this favorable beginning, much discontentment and homesickness were experienced, and in the spring the settlement was abandoned,

These early attempts show what discouragements, hardships, and dangers were encountered by first settlers in the New World. They who were to establish the first permanent English settlement in America must needs be possessed of fortitude and endurance. No encouragement could be drawn from the past, for that past was one of failure. Successful colonization was to depend upon what manner of men they were.

QUESTIONS.

Tell what you know of Gosnold. What was the name of his vessel? What coast did he reach? What cape did he name? Why? What islands did he explore? Upon what island did he land? What were built? What established? Why was the settlement abandoned? What voyage did Pring make? Tell what you know of Weymouth's exploration. When did he sail? How did he take possession along the coast? Where did he land? Whom did he kidnap? What reports did he carry back with him? What was known as Virginia in those days? After whom had it been called? To what two companies was it granted? What parallels defined the limits of each grant? Which of the companies made the first move towards establishing colonies? What do you know of the Popham colony? What vessels brought Popham's colony over? Who returned with them? Where was a landing made? What were erected? How was the winter passed? Why was the colony abandoned? What did these early attempts at settlement show? What qualities were necessary to men who were to establish a permanent settlement?

SEARCH QUESTIONS.

Who was Madame de Guercheville? What State has a county named after Virginia Dare? Did Raleigh ever visit America? What did Ribaut call the St. John's River ? What was the Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day? Where is Cuttyhunk? Who introduced tobacco into England? What was the fate of Sir Walter Raleigh?

TOPICAL OUTLINE.

MEMORY AID.

For Lesson on Early Attempts at Settlement.

(Place on the Blackboard and have pupils fill blank spaces, then elaborate in written composition.)

PREPARATORY NOTES.

Geography.-Note upon a map the east coast of Virginia. Where is Chesapeake Bay? James River? Cape Charles? Cape Henry? Chickahominy River? Where are the Bermuda Islands? In what direction from Virginia?

Definition of Words. Know the meaning of the following: Auspices, delegated dissensions, motives, adopted, succumb, fortitude, crisis, ransom, charter, sustained, assumed, bestowed, administrative, allotted, indenture, exterminated, inspired, permanence, political, tumult, ordinances, arbitrary, reverting, confirming, enactments.

Pronunciation of Names.-Opecancanough, Bermuda, Henricus, Kic

cowtan.

PARALLEL READINGS.

REFERENCE.-Bancroft's "Colonial History," Cooke's "Virginia," Lodge's "History of the English Colonies in America," Sparks' "Smith,' GENERAL.-Simms' "Smith and Pocahontas," Hopkins' "Youth of the Old Dominion," Cooke's "Stories of the Old Dominion," "Virginia in the Colonial Period" (Harper's Magazine, November, 1882), “The Beginning of a Nation" (Century Magazine, November, 1882). TOPICAL.-"Virginia," "Jamestown, Founding of," "Settlement, First Permanent English," "Smith, Captain John," "Slavery, Introduction of," "Tobacco, First Cultivation of," "Pocahontas," "Assembly, First Colonial."

VIRGINIA.

CHAPTER IV.

England's First Foothold.

The London Company was not far behind that of Plymouth in sending out settlers under the king's charter, for three months after the Popham colony departed (December 19, 1606), one hundred and five colonists, in the ships Susan Constant, Good Speed and Discovery, under the command of CAPTAIN CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT, Sailed down the Thames for South Virginia.

The preparation for the establishment of this colony had been elaborate. The plans for its government had been carefully.considered. As an enterprise it was under the auspices of the London Company. As a colony, it was under the control of the king, which control he delegated to two councils-one composed of eleven members, to reside in England; the other of seven, to reside in the colony.