I think fit to express."-Swift. "Or than I will believe."

P. 800. Burnet, speaking of the dilemma the prince of Orange was in about the king, upon his Eeing brought from Feversham, says "It was thought necessary to stick to the point of the king's deserting his people, and not to give up that by entering into any treaty with him."-Swift. "Base and villanous."

P. 803. Burnet. "Now that the prince was come all the bodies about the town came to welcome him. The bishops came the next day (the archbishop of Canterbury excepted). The clergy of London came next. The city and a great many other bodies came likewise, and expressed a great deal of joy for the deliverance wrought for them by the prince's means. Old serjeant Maynard came with the men of the law. He was then near ninety, and yet he said the liveliest thing that was heard of on that occasion. The prince took notice of his great age, and said 'that he had outlived all the men of the law of his time he answered he had like to have outlived the law itself if his highness had not come over." " -Swift. "Maynard was an old rogue for all that."

P. 805. Burnet, speaking of the first effects of the Revolution upon the presbyterians in Scotland, says "They broke in upon the episcopal clergy with great violence and much cruelty; they tore their gowns and drove them from their churches and houses."-Swift. "To reward them for which king William abolished episcopacy."

Ibid. Burnet. "The episcopal party in Scotland saw themselves under a great cloud, so they resolved all to adhere to the earl of Dundee, who had served some years in Holland, and was a man of good parts and some valuable virtues, but was proud and ambitious, and had taken a violent hatred to the whole presbyterian party."-Swift. "He was the best man in Scotland."

P. 807. Burnet. "Those who were employed by Tyrconnel to deceive the prince made an application to sir William Temple, who had a long and established credit with him."-Swift. "A lie of a Scot; for sir William Temple to my knowledge did not know Tyrconnel."

P. 811. Burnet, speaking of the various opinions then agitated relative to the settlement of the state"Some were of opinion that king James had by his ill administration of the government brought himself into an incapacity of holding the exercise of the sovereign authority any more in his own hand; but as in the case of lunatics, the right still remained in him, only the guardianship, or the exercise of it was to be lodged with a prince-regent; so that the right of sovereignty should be owned to remain still in the king, and that the exercise of it should be vested in the prince of Orange, as prince-regent."Swift. "A regency certainly was by much the best expedient."

Ibid. Burnet. “The third party was made up of those who thought there was an original contract between the king and the people of England, by which the kings were bound to defend their people and govern them according to law; in lieu of which the people were bound to obey and serve the king." -Swift. "I am of this party, and yet I would have been for a regency."

P. 813. Burnet. "This scheme of a regency was both more illegal and more unsafe than the method they proposed. The law of England had settled the point of the subject's security in obeying the king in possession by the statute of Henry VII. So every man knew he was safe under a king, and so would act with zeal and courage; but all such as should act

under a prince-regent, created by this convention, were upon a bottom that had not the necessary forms of law for it."-Swift. "There is something in this argument."

P. 816. Burnet. "It was proposed that the birth of the pretended prince might be examined into, and I was ordered to gather together all the presumptive proofs that were formerly mentioned: it is true these did not amount to a full and legal proof; yet they seemed to be such violent presumptions that when they were all laid together they were more convincing than plain and downright evidence, for that was liable to the suspicion of subornation, whereas the other seemed to carry on them very convincing characters of truth and conformity."— Swift. "Well said, bishop."

P. 817. Burnet. "Some people thought it would be a good security for the nation to have a dormant title to the crown lie as it were neglected, to oblige our princes to govern well, while they would apprehend the danger of a revolt to a pretender still in their eye."-Swift. "I think this was no ill design, yet it hath not succeeded in mending kings."

P. 819. Burnet. "The princess continued all the while in Holland, being shut in there by the east winds and by the freezing of the rivers, so that she came not to England till the debates were over."Swift. Why was she sent for till the matter was agreed? This clearly shows the prince's original design was to be king, against what he professed in his declaration."

P. 824. Burnet. "A pamphlet was published at this time (1689), which was laid thus: The prince had a just cause of making war on the king.' In that most of them agreed. In a just war, which is an appeal to God, success is considered as the decision of Heaven; so the prince's success against king James gave him the right of conquest over him, and by it all his rights were transferred to the prince."-Swift. "The author wrote a paper to prove this. It was burnt by the hangman, and was a very foolish scheme."

P. 525. Burnet (second volume), speaking of the act for the general naturalization of protestants, and the opposition made against it by the high church, adds," It was at last carried in the house of commons by a great majority; but all those who appeared for this large and comprehensive way were reproached for their coldness and indifference in the concerns of the church; and in that I had a large share."-Swift." Dog!"

P. 526. Burnet. "The faction here found out proper instruments to set the same humour on foot in Ireland during the last of Rochester's government, and as it was said by his directions. So the clergy were making the same bold claims there that had raised disputes amongst us."-Swift. "Dog! dog! dog!"

P. 580. Burnet. "One Prior, who had been Jersey's secretary, upon his death was employed to prosecute that peace which his principal did not live to finish. Prior had been taken a boy out of a tavern by the earl of Dorset, who accidentally found him reading Horace, and he being very generous gave him an education in literature.”—Swift. "Malice!"

P. 581. Burnet. "Many mercenary pens were set at work to justify our proceedings and to defame our allies, more particularly the Dutch. This was done with much art but with no regard to truth, in a pamphlet entitled The Conduct of the Allies, and of the late Ministry.'"-Swift. “It was all

true."

P. 582. Burnet. "The Jacobites did with the

greater joy entertain this prospect of peace, because the dauphin had, in a visit to St. Germaine, congratulated that court upon it, which made them conclude it was to have a happy effect with relation to the pretender's affairs."-Swift. "The queen hated and despised the pretender to my knowledge."

P. 583. Burnet. "In a conference I had with the queen on the subject of peace, she hoped bishops would not be against peace.' I said a good peace was what we prayed for; but any treaty by which Spain and the West Indies were left to king Philip must in a little time deliver all Europe into the hands of France; and if any such peace could be made she was betrayed and we were all ruined; in less than three years time she would be murdered, and the fires would again be raised in Smithfield." -Swift. "A false prophet in every particular."

P. 589. Burnet. "The queen having sent a message to the lords to adjourn, it was debated that the queen could not send a message to any one house to adjourn when the like message was not sent to both houses. The pleasure of the prince in convening, dissolving, proroguing, or ordering the adjournment of parliament, was always directed to both houses, but never to one house without the same intimation being given to the other."-Swift. "Modern nonsense.'

P. 591. Burnet. "The house of commons, after their recess, entered on the observations of the commissioners for taking the public accounts, and began with Walpole (sir Robert Walpole), whom they resolved to put out of the way of disturbing them in the house. The thing laid to his charge stood thus: after he, as secretary at war, had contracted with some for forage to the horse that lay in Scotland, he, finding that the two persons who had contracted for it made some gain by it, named a friend of his own as a third person, that he might have a share in the gain; but the other two had no mind to let him in to know the secret of their management, so they offered him five hundred pounds for his share: he accepted it, and the money was remitted. But they not knowing his address directed their bill to Walpole, who indorsed it, and the person concerned received the money. This transaction was found out, and Walpole was charged with it, as a bribe that he had taken for his own use for making the contract. Both the persons that remitted the money and he who received it were examined, and affirmed that Walpole was neither directly or indirectly concerned in the matter; but the house insisted upon his having indorsed the bill, and not only voted this a corruption, but sent him to the Tower and expelled him the house."-Swift. "Walpole began early, and has been thriving in this business twenty-seven years, up to January, 1739."

P. 609. Burnet. "A new set of addresses ran about. Some mentioned the protestant succession and the house of Hanover with zeal, others more coldly, and some made no mention at all of it; and it was universally believed that no addresses were so acceptable to the minister as those of the last sort."-Swift. "Foolish and factious."

P. 610. Burnet. "The duke of Ormond had given the States such assurances of his going along with them through the whole campaign that he was let into the secrets of all their councils, which by that confidence were all known to the French; and if the auxiliary German troops had not been prepared to disobey his orders it was believed he, in conjunction with the French army, would have forced the states to come into the new measures; but that was happily prevented."-Swift. "Vile

Scotch dog! how does he dare to touch Ormond's honour so falsely?"

P. 669. Burnet, speaking of the progress of his own life, says, "The pleasures of sense I did soon nauseate."-Swift. "Not so soon with the wine of some elections."

Here end the remarks on bishop Burnet's History of his own Times, but opposite to the title page of "The Life of the Author, by Thomas Burnet, esq.," and in the Life, are the following remarks:

Opposite to the title-page.-Swift. "A rude, violent, party business."

In the Life, p. 722. Thomas Burnet. "The character I have given of his wives will scarce make it an addition to his character that he was a most affectionate husband. His tender care of the first during a course of sickness that lasted for many years, and his fond love of the other two, and the deep concern he expressed for their loss, were no more than their just due from one of his humanity, gratitude, and discernment."-Swift. "What! only three wives!"

P. 723. Thomas Burnet. "The bishop was a kind and bountiful master to his servants, whom he never changed but with regret and through necessity; friendly and obliging to all in employment under him, and peculiarly happy in the choice of them; particularly in that of the steward to the bishopric and his courts, William Wastefield, esq. (a gentleman of a plentiful fortune at the time of his accepting this post), and in that of his domestic steward Mr. Macknay."-Swift. "A Scot; his own countryman."

REMARKS ON THE CHARACTERS OF THE COURT

OF QUEEN ANNE.

The original Characters are printed in roman; Swift's remarks in italics.

THESE Characters, drawn up in the name of John Macky (but written by Mr. Davis, an officer in the customs), were annexed to Memoirs of the Secret Services of John Macky, esq., during the reigns of king William, queen Anne, and king George I." printed in 1739, from a MS. said to be attested by his son, Spring Macky, esq.

Dr Swift's notes are transcribed from a copy formerly belonging to John Putland, esq., a near relation to the dean, who took them from Swift's own handwriting.

DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH.

A TALL handsome man for his age, with a very obliging address; of a wonderful presence of mind, so as hardly ever to be discomposed; of a very clear head and sound judgment; every way capable of being a great man if the great success of his arms and the heaps of favours thrown upon him by his sovereign do not raise his thoughts above the rest of the nobility, and consequently draw upon him the envy of the people of England. He is turned fifty years of age.-Detestably covetous.

DUKE OF ORMOND.

With all the qualities of a great man except that of a statesman, hating business. He is about forty years of age.-Fairly enough writ.

DUKE OF SHREWSBURY.

Never was a greater mixture of honour, virtue [none], and good sense in any one person than in him: a great man, attended with a sweetness of behaviour and easiness of conversation which charms all who come near him; nothing of the stiffness of a statesman, yet the capacity and knowledge of a piercing wit. He speaks French and Italian as well as his

He is a great encourager of learning and learned men; is the patron of the muses; of very agreeable conversation; a short fair man, not forty years old. — His encouragements were only good words and good dinners. I never heard him say one good thing, or seem to taste what was said by another. EARL OF DORSET.

some of the finest poems in the English language, especially satire; the Mæcenas and prince of our in the world when he likes his company [not of late English poets; one of the pleasantest companions years, but a very dull one]. He is very fat, troubled with the spleen, and turned of fifty years old.

EARL RIVERS.

He was one of the greatest rakes in England in his younger days; but always a lover of the constitution of his country: is a gentleman of very good sense, and very cunning; brave in his person, a lover of play, and understands it perfectly well; has a very good estate, and improves it every day; something covetous; is a tall handsome man, and of a very fair complexion. He is turned of forty years old.-An arrant knave in common dealings, and very prostitute.

EARL OF PORTLAND.

He is supposed to be the richest subject in Europe; very profuse in gardening, birds, and household furniture, but mighty frugal in everything else; of a very lofty mien, and yet not proud; of no deep understanding, considering his experience; neither much beloved nor hated by any sort of people, Eng

DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND.

He is a man of honour, nice in paying his debts; and living well with his neighbours in the country, does not much care for the conversation of men of quality or business; is a tall black man, like his father the king; about forty years old. He was a most worthy person, very good-natured, and had very good sense.

DUKE OF GRAFTON.

Grandson to king Charles II.; a very pretty gentleman; has been abroad in the world; zealous for the constitution of his country; a tall black man, about twenty-five years old.-Almost a slobberer, without one good quality.

SIR NATHAN WRIGHTE, Lord-keeper, Is son of a clergyman; a good common lawyer, a slow chancellor, and no civilian. Chance, more than choice, brought him the seals.-Very covetous.

JOHN [RALPH] DUKE OF MONTAGU. Since the queen's accession to the throne he has been created a duke, and is now sixty years old.— 1s arrant a knave as any in his time.

His father was rector of Thurcaston, in Leicestershire.

EARL OF DERBY.

On his brother's death he came to the house of peers, where he never will make any great figure, the sword being more his profession: he is a faircomplexioned man, well shaped, taller than the ordinary size, and a man of honour. He is turned of forty years old.-As arrant a *** as his brother.

EARL OF PETERBOROUGH.

He affects popularity, and loves to preach in coffeehouses and public places; is an open enemy to revealed religion; brave in his person; has a good estate; does not seem expensive, yet always in debt, and very poor. A well-shaped thin man, with a very brisk look, near fifty years old.-This character is for the most part true.

EARL OF SUNDERLAND.

This gentleman is endued with a great deal of learning, virtue [no], and good sense [no]; very honest; and zealous for the liberty of the people. EARL OF STAMFORD

Is one of the branches of the Greys, a noble family in England. He does not want sense; but by reason of a defect in his speech wants elocution; is a very

He loves jests and puns [I never observed it], and that sort of low wit; is of short stature, well shaped, with a very handsome countenance.-Being very poor he complied too much with the party he hated.

LORD POULET OF HINTON.

He is certainly one of the hopefullest gentlemen in England; is very learned, virtuous, and a man of honour; much esteemed in the country for his generous way of living with the gentry, and his charity to the poorest sort. He makes but a mean figure in his person, is of a middle stature, fair complexion, not handsome, nor thirty years old.-This character is fair enough.

by acts of honesty, which he now glories in more than he was formerly extravagant.-He was little better than a conceited talker in company. EARL OF KENT.

Is the first branch of the ancient family of Grey. The present gentleman was much esteemed when lord Ruthen; was always very moderate, has good sense, and a good estate, which, with his quality, must make him always bear a considerable figure in the nation; he is a handsome man, not above forty years old. He seems a good-natured man, but of very little consequence.

EARL OF LINDSAY,

He is of good understanding and very capable to be in the ministry; a well-bred gentleman and an agreeable companion; handsome; of a brown complexion; forty years old.-A very moderate degree of understanding.

LORD GREY OF WERK.

A sweet disposed gentleman; he joined king William at the Revolution, and is a zealous assertor of the liberties of the people: a thin, brown, handsome man, middle stature, turned of forty years old.-Had very little in him.

LORD CHANDOS.

Was warm against king William's reign and does Bridges [afterward duke of Chandos] does; being a not make any great figure in this; but his son, Mr.

member of the house of commons, one of the counsellors to the prince, and a very worthy gentleman. -But a great complier with every court.

LORD GUILDFORD.

Is son to the lord-keeper North, has been abroad, his genius leads him that way. He is fat, fair, of does not want sense nor application to business, and middle stature, and past thirty years old.-A mighty silly fellow.

LORD GRIFFIN,

Having followed king James's fortunes, is now in