glish, Apr. 21, 1801-restored to the Dutch, 1814. EUSTRATUS GARIDAS. See CONSTANTI NOPLE, bishops of. EUTAW SPRINGS, battle of, gained by gen. Arnold over the Americans, Sept. 8, 1781. "EUTERPE," the planet, discovered by Hind, Nov. 8, 1853. EUTHARIC, of the Amali race, married to Amalasontha, daughter of Theodoric, k. of Italy, 515-d. and leaves a son, Athalaric, 523. EUTHARICUS, consul of Rome, 519. EUTHYCRITUS, Athenian archon, B.C. 328. EUTHYMENES, Athenian archon, B.C. 437. EUTROPIUS, Consul of Rome, 387. EUTROPIUS, the eunuch, supplants Rufinus in the confidence of the emperor Arcadius, 395-oppresses the East by his avarice, 396-consul of Rome; disgraced; saved by Chrysostom from the fury of the people; banished to Cyprus; recalled, and beheaded at Chalcedon, 399. EUTROPIUS begins to write his History, 362-concludes it, and dedicates it to Valens, 364. EUTROPIUS, father of Constantius Chlorus. See CLAUDIA. EUTYCHES publishes his heresy, 447-condemned by a synod at Constantinople, 448-and by a council, 449. EUTYCHIANUS, consul of Rome, 398. EUTYCHIANUS, bp. of Rome, 275-283. EUTYCHIUS, exarch of Ravenna, 711-recalled, 713 reinstated, 728-Ravenna restored to him by Liutprand, 729-conquered by Astolfo, k. of Lombardy, 752. EUTYCHIUS. See CONSTANTINOPLE, bishops of. EUTYCHIUS. See JERUSALEM, bishops of. EUXENIPPUS, Athenian archon, B.C. 305. EUXINE and PROPONTIS, Milesian colonies planted on the shores of the, B.C. 750Darius penetrates into Europe on its northern side, 507-the Goths fit out naval armaments and take Trebizond, A.D. 258-crossed by Heraclius, 623. See BLACK SEA. EUZOIUS. See ANTIOCH, bishops of. EUZOIUS, bp. of Cæsarea, succeeded by Gelasius, 381. EVAGORAS, K. of Cyprus, receives Conon after the battle of Egospotamos, B.C. 405-assists the Athenians at Cnidus, 394-is assisted by them, 390-Chabrias sent with an army to assist him, 388repulses the Persians in a naval battle, 385-hard pressed by them, 380-concludes a peace, 376-d. 374. EVAGRIUS, a Nicenian, contends with Demophilus, an Arian, for the bishopric of Constantinople, 370. EVAGRIUS, b. 525-taken by his parents from Antioch to Apamea, 540-studies at Antioch, 542-concludes and publishes his History, 593. EVA MARIA (Violetti), b. 1723-widow of David Garrick, d. 1822. EVANDER, Olympic victor, B.C. 524. EVANDER, Athenian archon, B.C. 382 C. EVANDER, Succeeds Lacydes as president of the Academy, B.C. 215. EVANS, Sir De Lacy, b. 1787-raises a British auxiliary legion to serve in Spain against the Carlists, 1835-returns from Spain, June 20, 1837-serves before Sebastopol, but is compelled by ill-health and exhaustion to resign his command, Nov. 11, 1854-receives in his place the thanks of the Commons for his services, Feb. 2, 1855. EVELYN, John, b. 1620-d. 1706. EVESHAM, battle of; De Montfort, earl of Leicester, and the barons defeated by prince Edward, Aug. 4, 1265. EVIL MAY-DAY riots in London, 1517. EVILMERODACH, or ELVARODAM, king of Babylon, B.C. 563-559. EVORA, taken by Alfonso I., k. of Portugal, 1166 the parliament of, restricts the privileges of the Portuguese nobility, 1481-conspiracy to reverse its orders, 1483. See BRAGANZA, duke of.-Taken by Don John of Austria, 1663. EWEN, colonel, removes k. Charles I. to Hurst castle, 1648. EXAGINETUS, Olympic victor, B.C. 416. EXARCHS of Ravenna, governors of Italy, appointed by the emperors of the East, after its re-conquest by Belisarius and Narses: Longinus, 568-584. Theodorus-restored, 652-666. Theodorus II., 678--687. Eutychius, restored, 727-overcome by the Lombards, 752. EXCELMANS, marshal, d. 1852. EXCHANGE, bills of, invented by the Lombard merchants, 750. See BILLS. EXCHANGE, Royal. See ROYAL EXCHANGE. EXCHEQUER BILLS, issued to relieve mercantile embarrassments, April 25, 1793embezzled-see ASLETT-advanced for the completion of the Thames tunnel, Mar. 3, 1835-forged by Beaumont Smith to the amount of £350,000, 1841. EXCHEQUER, chancellor of the, an officer originally judicial, of whom the first was Eustace de Falconbridge, bp. of London, temp. Hen. III., 1221--becomes afterwards of political importance, as manager of the finances and often ministerial leader of the House of Commons; the most noted are: Robert Walpole.. Henry Bilson Legge. Lord Barrington Charles Townshend 1715 1742 1744 1765 1766 1767 1801 1824 1831 Sir William Alexander Sir Jas. Scarlett, lord Abinger... 1835 1844 EXCISE, devised by the Long Parliament, 1643-a new law proposed to the Commons, March 14, 1733-violent opposition to the measure; petition of the city of London against it, April 11; the project abandoned by sir R. Walpole-duties on fur and leather remitted, Feb. 15, 1830. EXCISE OFFICE, built on the original site of Gresham College, 1774-sold by government, May 12, 1853. EXCLUSION BILL, to shut out James, duke of York, from the throne. See BILL.Introduced a second time, and parliament dissolved to get rid of it, 1681. EXECUTIONS, the dates of the most noted may be found in this Index, by referring to the names of those who bave undergone the punishment. 1754 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE of the second French 1761 republic established, May 10, 1848. EXETER, called Uxella by the Romans, receives its present name from the Saxons, at an uncertain period; taken by the Danes, 876-fresh bands arrive; Alfred makes a treaty of peace with them, and they retire, 877-he compels them to raise the siege, 894-Athelstan turns out the British inhabitants, and fortifies the city, 938-plundered by Swein, 1003the bishopric erected by Edward the Confessor, 1049 Baldwin de Redvers holds out in, but he is brought to terms by k. Stephen, 1136-besieged by Perkin Warbeck, 1497-by the Devonshire insurgents, 1549 - taken by the royalists, 1643-Henrietta, the daughter of Charles I., born there, June 16, 1644-the city retaken by Fairfax, 1646-William, prince of Orange, arrives at, Nov. 8, 1688-railway from Bristol opened, May 1, 1844: to Plymouth, May 29, 1846; to Crediton, 1851. 1806 Mr. Dowdeswell. Lord North .... Lord John Cavendish 1782 William Pitt 1782 Lord John Cavendish, again 1783 Wm. Pitt, Premier.... 1783 1807 1812 Nicholas Vansittart Mr. Gladstone... 1852 1852 1855 Sir F. Cornewall Lewis......... EXCHEQUER, Court of, in the division made of the King's Court-see COMMON PLEAS, Court of receives power to decide in all matters relating to the public revenue; the limits of its jurisdiction defined by Edward I., 1285; its judges are styled barons; few among its chiefs have been EXHIBITION, the Great, projected, Aug. 23, | 1849-royal commission issued to prepare for it, Jan. 3, 1850-dinner at the Mansion House to prince Albert and its promoters, March 21; opened by the queen in state, May 1, 1851-the queen and prince Albert attend a festival to celebrate the exhibition, July 9; the exhibition closed, Oct. 11. at Calcutta, Jan. 25, 1855. at Cork, opened June 10, 1852. at Dublin, opened May 12, 1853; closed, Oct. 31. at Manchester, 1857. at New York, July 15, 1853. at Paris, May 15, 1855; closed, Nov. 15. EXILLES, battle of; the chevalier de Belleisle defeated and slain by Charles Emanuel, k. of Sardinia, July 8, 1747. EXMOUTH, Viscount. See PELLEW, Edw.Bombards Algiers, and brings the dey to submission, Aug. 27, 1816-d. 1833. EXODUS. See ISRAELITES. EX OFFICIO informations against William Hone and others, used to repress the discontent of the people, 1817-19. EXPENDITURE, public, reduced by the duke of Wellington's government, Feb. 15, 1830-by lord Althorpe, Feb. 11, 1831. "EXPOSITION OF FAITH.' See ECTHESIS. EXTENTS in aid restricted, 1822. EXTRICATUS, S. Messius, consul of Rome, 217. EXUPERIUS educates the two sons of Constantine's brother, Dalmatius, who are afterwards raised to the dignity of Cæsars, 330. EYCK, Hubert and John Van, masters of the early Flemish school, invent painting in oil, 1425. EYDER-the river, see DANAWERK-united to the Baltic by the canal of Kiel, 1785. EYLAU, battle of; the Prussians and Russians defeated by Napoleon I., Feb. 8, 1807. EZEKIEL, prophesies, B.C. 594. EZRA returns from Persia to Jerusalem, F FABER, G. S., b. 1774-d. 1854. FABIAN, bp. of Rome, 236-martyred, 256, FABIANICO, Dominico, doge of Venice, 1032 -1043. FABIANUS, L. Annius, consul of Rome, 201. FABII, the, secede from the patrician order, join the Plebes, leave Rome and take up a position near the Cremera, B.C. 478-are surprised and slain by the Veientes, 477. FABIUS, Q. Maximus Rullianus, master of the horse, gains a victory over the Samnites, in the absence of the dictator Papirius Cursor, and contrary to his orders, for which he is threatened with capital punishment, B.C. 325-consul of Rome; reduces the Samnites to great difficulties by his victories, 322-dictator; defeated at Lautulæ, 315-consul II., 310 -consul III.; compels the Etruscans to make peace, 308-dictator II., 301-consul IV., 297-consul V.; gains the great victory at Sentinum over the Samnites, 295-repairs the defeat of his son, and completes the conquest of Samnium, for which he has a triumph, 292. FABIUS, Q. Gurges, son of Rullianus, consul of Rome, sustains a defeat from the Samnites, which his father retrieves, B.C. 292. FABIUS, C., receives the name of Pictor, for a painting in the Temple of Salus, B.C. 311. FABIUS, C, Pictor, consul of Rome, B.C. FABIUS, Numerianus Pictor, consul of FABIUS, Q. Pictor, the historian, serves in FABIUS, Q. Maximus Verrucosus (Cunctator), one of the Roman Augurs, B.C. 265-consul, 233-celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Ligurians, 232-censor, 230-consul II., 228-dictator, 217avoids a battle with Hannibal, 216keeps him in check, 215-consul IV., 214 -consul V.; recovers Campania, 213consul VI.; retakes Tarentum, 209-d. 203. FABIUS, Q. Maximus Servilianus, consul of FABIUS, Q. Maximus Allobrogicus, consul FABIUS, bp. of Antioch, 250. FABLES. See ESOP, PHÆDRUS, PILPAY, FABRE D'EGLANTINE, guillotined during FACCHINETTI, John Antony. See INNOCENT IX., pope. FACTORIES, employment of children in, regulated by Act 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 103, 1833-by a law in France, 1841. FACUNDUS, consul of Rome, 336. FACUNDUS, bp. of Hermia, writes in defence of the "Three Chapters," 545. FAENZA recovered by the emperor Frederic II. from the Venetians, 1240-subject to the Bolognese by the treachery of Tibaldello di Zambrasi, 1280-captured by Cæsar Borgia, 1501-seized by Venice, 1504-taken by the French, 1512. FASULE surrenders to Belisarius, 539. FAGEL, Francis, b. 1659-d. 1746. FAGEL, gen., commands the Dutch auxiliary force in Spain, 1704. FAGG, Sir John, a member of the Commons, by his chancery suit with Dr. Shirley causes violent disputes between the Lords and Commons, 1675. FAGGIUOLA, Uguccione dalla, defeats Philip and Peter, brothers of Robert, k. of Naples, and represses the Guelfs in Lombardy and Tuscany, 1315. FAGIUS, Paul, a foreign Lutheran, promotes the reformation at Cambridge, 1548-d. 1550. FAIRFAX, Ferdinand, lord, raises a force in Yorkshire, to support the parliament, 1642-defeated by the earl of Newcastle at Bramham Moor, March 29, 1643-again at Atherton Moor, June 29-assisted by his son, takes col. Bellasis at Selby, Apr. 11, 1644-occupies York, July 5-the self-denying ordinance deprives him of his command, Dec. 9. FAIRFAX, Sir Thomas, son of lord Ferdinand, b. 1611-distinguishes himself in a victory gained at Wakefield, May 21, 1643 and afterwards at Horncastle; surprises and captures a royalist army sent from Ireland to Nantwich, Jan. 15, 1644-takes Bellasis, governor of York, at Selby, Apr. 11-gains the battle of Marston Moor, July 3-commander-inchief of the parliamentary forces after the resignation of Essex, Dec. 31, 1644defeats the k, at Naseby, June 14, 1645 -recovers Leicester, 17-takes Bridgwater, July 22-assists in taking Bristol, Sept. 10-takes Dartmouth, Jan. 18, 1646 -Truro and Exeter; returns to London, Nov. 12-heads the Independents, rules the army, and refuses to lay down his arms, 1647-made governor of the Tower, 1647-he quells a royalist insurrection at Maidstone, May 31, 1648-besieges sir Charles Lucas and sir George Lisle in Colchester castle, Aug. 28--withdraws from the proceedings against Charles I., Jan 8, 1649-and endeavours to save him; resigns his commission, July, 1650 -retires into private life, and on his father's death inherits his titles; assembles a meeting on Marston Moor to demand a free parliament, Dec. 24, 1659-takes possession of York, and communicates with gen. Monk; d. Nov. 12, 1671. FAIRFAX, Edward, the translator of Tasso, d. 1632. FAIRLOP OAK, a noted tree in Hainault Forest, Essex, 48 feet in girth, and said to have been the growth of 500 years, beneath which a fair was established in modern times; injured by an accidental fire, 1806-blown down, 1820. FAIRMAN, col., secretary of the Orange society, absconds, to avoid producing papers demanded by a parliamentary committee, July 19, 1835. FAIRS established in Flanders, 963. FALAISE, birth-place of William the Conqueror, 1027-his statue erected there, Oct. 26, 1851. FALCANDUS HUGO, or Foucault, writes his History of Sicily, 1154-1169-d. 1193. FALCO, Qu. Sosius, consul of Rome, 193. FALCONBRIDGE. See FAULCONBRIDGE. FALCONRY, sport of, revived at Redbourne, by the duke of St. Albans, Oct. 8, 1828. FALCZY. See HUSCH. FALEDRO, Ordelafo, doge of Venice, 1102falls at Zara, defending Dalmatia against the Hungarians, 1117. FALEDRO, Vitale, causes Domenico Silvio, doge of Venice, to be deposed, and himself elected to fill his place, 1084-d. 1096. FALIERO, Marino, doge of Venice, 1354he is accused of a conspiracy against the nobles, and beheaded, April 17, 1355. FALISCI, the, revolt; are put down by the Romans in six days, and their town destroyed, B.C. 241. FALKIÖPING, battle of; Albert, king of Sweden, is defeated and made prisoner by Margaret, qu. of Denmark and Norway, 1389. FALKIRK, battles of; Edward I. defeats Wallace, July 22, 1298-gen. Hawley defeated by the Scotch rebels, Jan. 17, 1746. FALKLAND ISLES, discovered by Hawkins, 1594-dispute with Spain respecting them, 1770-restored by the Spaniards, Dec. 14, 1771-abandoned by the English, Sept. 1, 1774-re-occupied, 1833. FALKLAND, Lucius Cary, viscount, b. 1610 -secretary of state to Charles I., 1642slain at the battle of Newbury, 1643. FALMOUTH, Henrietta-Maria embarks at, for France, July 14, 1644-visited by qu. Victoria and prince Albert, Aug. 28, 1843. FALTO, P. Valerius, consul of Rome, B.C. 238. Ireland, from the, failure of potatoes, relieved by a large subscription in England, April, 1822- again, and relieved by a parliamentary grant of £10,000,000, 1847. afflicts Lombardy, 1276-Phrygia, 1370-Rome, B.C. 492; 439-A.D. 51; 189 -Spain, 687-Syria, 333; 687. FANAGORIA Surrenders to the allies, Sept. 24, 1855. FANNIUS, the historian, is in Scipio's army at the taking of Carthage, B.C. 146serves in the Spanish war, 142. FARADAY, Michael, b. 1794. FARMER, Antony, mandate of James II. to elect him president of Magdalen College, Oxford, April 11, 1687. FARNESE, Alexander, b. 1467- appointed cardinal, 1493-elected pope, 1534. See PAUL III., pope. FARNESE, Peter Louis, natural son of Paul III., fails in an attempt to seize Camerino with his father's assistance, 1534— created by him duke of Parma, 1545suspected of being an accomplice in the plot of Fiesco, at Genoa; is assassinated, Sept. 10, 1547. FARNESE, Octavius, son of Peter Louis, b. 1523- marries Margaret, daughter of Charles V., 1538-succeeds his father as duke of Parma, 1547-d. 1586. FARNESE, Alexander, son of Peter Louis, b. 1520-created a cardinal by his grandfather, Paul III., 1534-sent by him on an embassy to Charles V., 1539. FARNESE, Alexander, son of Octavius, b. 1545-gov. of the Netherlands, 1579. See ALEXANDER FARNESE. FARNESE, Ranuccio I., son of Alexander, succeeds his father as duke of Parma, 1592-marries Margaret Aldobrandina, grand-daughter of pope Clement VIII., d. 1622. FARNESE, Edward, second son of Alexander, created a cardinal by pope Gregory XIV., | 1591. FARNESE, Alexander, eldest son of Ranuccio I., b. dumb, is excluded from the succession, 1622. FARNESE, Edward, second son of Ranuccio I., b. 1606--succeeds him, 1622-marries Margaret, daughter of Cosmo II., grand-duke of Tuscany, d. Sep. 12, 1646. FARNESE, Ranuccio II., eldest son of Edward, succeeds him, 1646-d. Dec. 11, 1694. FARNESE, Edward, eldest son of Ranuccio II., marries Dorothea Sophia, of Neuburg, d. 1693. FARNESE, Elizabeth, or Isabella, his daughter. See ELIZABETH. FARNESE, Francis, second son of Ranuccio II., b. May 19, 1678-succeeds his father, 1694-marries by papal dispensation his brother Edward's widow, Dorothea Sophia, 1695-d. Feb. 26, 1727. FARNESE, Antony, third son of Ranuccio II., b. Nov. 29, 1692-succeeds his brother Francis, 1727 marries Enrichetta D'Este, daughter of Rinaldo, duke of Modena, Feb. 5, 1728-d. without issue, 1731-the house of Farnese extinct. FARNHAM, battle of; Alfred defeats the Danes, 894. FARO ISLANDS taken by Harold Harfagr, k. of Norway, about 890. FAROALDUS, duke of Spoleto, seizes Classis, the port of Ravenna, which he gives up again, 716. FARQUHAR, Thomas, b. 1678-d. 1707. FARQUHAR, John, b. 1751-purchases the Fonthill estate, 1822-sells the splendid effects there, Sept. 9, 1823-d. 1826. FARQUHAR, Sir Walter, d. 1819. FARREN, Miss, retires from the stage, Apr. 1, 1797. See DERBY, countess of. FARRINGDON. See EDWARD the Elder. FARRINGDON STREET. See FLEET MARKET. FASTI. See AUSONIUS, and CAPITOLINE FASTI. FASTOLFE, Sir John, gains the battle of Herrings, and brings a convoy of stores to the camp before Orleans, Feb. 12, 1429 --defeated at Patay, and disgraced, June 13. FASTRADA marries Charlemagne, 783—d. 794. FATHERS of the Oratory, the Order of the, founded at Paris by Berulle, 1611. FATIMA, daughter of Mohammed and Cadijah, b. 610-married to her cousin, Ali, 619-d. 632. FATIMITES, the sect of Ali, or Shiites, a division of Mohammedans, who maintain that Ali, the husband of Mohammed's daughter, Fatima, was the rightful caliph, or successor of the prophet, and that his descendants alone ought to reign over the faithful; they separate from |