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his reign. All which put together, do sufficiently prove, how much soever the names Esther and Hamestris may be alike, the persons could not be the same.

But there being no such objections as to Artaxerxes Longimanus, it is most probable that he was the person. The ancientest and best evidences that can be had of this matter, are from the Greek version of the sacred text, called the Septuagint, the apocryphal additions to the book of Esther, and Josephus; and all these agree for Artaxerxes Longimanus. For Josephusb positively tells us it was he; and the Septuagint, through the whole book of Esther, wherever the Hebrew text hath Ahasuerus, translate Artaxerxes; and the apocryphal additions to that book every where call the husband of Esther, Artaxerxes, who could be none other than Artaxerxes Longimanus; for there are several circumstances related of him, both in the canonical and apocryphal Esther, which can by no means be applicable to the other Artaxerxes, called Mnemon. And Severus Sulpitius, and many other writers, as well of the ancients as the moderns, come also into this opinion. And the extraordinary favour and kindness which Artaxerxes Longimanus shewed the Jews, beyond all the other kings that reigned in Persia, first in sending Ezra, and after, Nehemiah, for the repairing of the broken affairs of that people in Judah and Jerusalem, and the restoring of them again to their ancient prosperity, is what can scarce be accounted for on any • other reason, but that they had in his bosom such a powerful advocate as Esther to solicit for them. But these, and the other transactions of this king, will be the subject of the next ensuing book.

b Antiq. lib. 11, c. 6.

c There were two other kings of Persia, that shewed kindness to the Jews, Cyrus, and Darius Hystaspes. Each of them granted a decree in favour of the Jews: but Artaxerxes went beyond them both; for he granted two decrees, by virtue of which both the ecclesiastical and political state of the Jews were thoroughly restored: and therefore, where the Scripture names those kings of Persia by whose favour this restoration was made, he is named among them in the order as he reigned; for it is said (Ezra vi, 14,) that this was done by the commandment of Cyrus, Darius and Artaxerxes, i. e. Cyrus, the founder of the Persian empire, Darius Hystaspes, and Artaxerxes Longimanus. For of these, and none other, is that text undoubtedly to be understood; and, no doubt, when the church and state were restored, much was done for the restoration of the temple also.

END OF THE FIRST Volume.

A.
ABRAHAM held in veneration by the
Magi 399.
Ahasuerus. See Astyages 207. See
Cambyses 324, 382. See Artax-
erxes Longimanus 434, conjectures
about him ib. his kindness to the
Jews 436.

Ahaz king of Judah, his wicked
reign 114-119, and distresses 114,
115, and losses 116, becomes trib-
utary to Arbaces 127, his idolatry
ib. his death and ignominious buri-
al 130.

Ahaziah king of Israel, partner in
the trade to Ophir with Jehosa-
phat king of Judah 121.
Ahikam, his friendship to Jeremiah
187.

Altar for burnt offerings described
288.

Amasis usurps the kingdom of E-
gypt 226, viceroy to Nebuchad-
nezzar 230, slays Apries ib. his
death 325, indignities offered him
afterwards 327.

Ammon king of Judah, his wicked
reign 166, his death ib. reveng.
ed ib.
Ammonites carried into captivity by
the Assyrians 225.

Amos, his prophecy of the captivity
of the Jews fulfilled 128.
Anna, Tobit's wife carried into cap-
tivity 134.

Anointing of kings and priests 314.
Apis the Egyptian god described 329,

killed by Cambyses 330.
Apries succeeds his father Psammis
king of Egypt 207, deceives Zed-
ekiah 212, forced to fly from the
usurper Amasis 226, slain by him
230, his pride 231.
Apronadius king of Assyria 145, his
death 148.

Arabs preserve and restore the an

cient names of plages 185, 186.
Arbaces founds the second Assyrian
monarchy 113. See Tiglath Pileser.
Archimagus high priest of the Ma-
gians 396, Darius takes that of
fice 402.

Arimanius the evil god of the Per-
sians 340.

Aristides the Athenian, his exploits
416, 422.

Ark of the covenant described 296,
its history ib. 305.
Arkianus king of Babylon 144.
Arphaxad. See Deioces.

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Artabasanes, son of Darius, yields
the crown to his younger brother
$79.

Artaxerxes, third son of Xerxes,
made king 433, slays his elder
brother ib. why surnamed Longi.
manus 434, Ahasuerus 436.
Artaxerxes. See Smerdis.
Ashdod, its strength 154, blockade
of 29 years ib. Jeremiah's saying
of it 155.

Askelon, temple of Venus robbed by
the Scythians 168
Assyrian empire, its duration 172,270.
Astyages of Media, marries one of
his daughters to Nebuchadnezzar
172, another to Cambyses king of
Persia 200, succeeds his father
Cyaxares 207, the same with Ahas.
uerus ib. death 250.
Astronomers of the Sabian sect 339.
Athenians quarrel with Darius 367,
murder his herald 377, quit their
city for the fear of Xerxes 412,
Persian fleet in their harbours 413,
refuse to make peace with the
Persians 416, destroy their fleet
and armies ib. and 418.
Athens burnt by the Persians 416.
B.

Babylon, confusion in that kingdom
149, taken by the Assyrians ib. its
grandeur under Nebuchadnezzar
232-246, taken by Cyrus 265, its
kingdom destroyed 270, prophe-
sies about it fulfilled ib. rebels a
gainst Darius 350, cruelty of the
citizens 351, taken, destroyed 354.
Babylonians, how early they made
astronomical observations 239.
Balch in Persia, the residence of the

Persian kings of the Sabian sect
393, Zoroastres 394, healthy 401.
Baruch employed by Jeremiah to
publish his prophesies 189, 194,
hides himself 195, his brother sent
by Jeremiah to Babylon with his
prophesies against that city, 204.
Barueh, the book so called, supposed

to be a fiction, and why 205, 206.
Bel and the Dragon, a fable 321.
Bel, temple of, destroyed by Xerx

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Belus, temple of, at Babylon 237, its
tower mentioned by Herodotus ib.
bigger than that of Jerusalem 239.
Bethshean taken from the Jews by
the scythians 168, thence called
Scythopolis ib.

Boccharis king of Egypt, burnt
alive 133.

Branchide, a Milesian family, be-
tray their temple 420, settled in
Persia by Xerxes ib. destroyed by
Alexander the Great ib.
Brazen serpent destroyed by Heze-
kiah 133, the Papist's impudence
about it ib.

Burial place of the kings of Judah
described 146.

Burial place, honourable, denied to
wicked kings by the Jews 146.

C.

Cadytis, Jerusalem so called by He-
rodotus 184.

Calendar, Jewish, when made 350.
Callisthenes the philosopher, his ob-
servations of the Chaldean astrono-
my 239.

Calves, golden set up by Jeroboam,
'carried from Jerusalem by the As-
syrians 129.

Cambyses son of Cyrus succeeds him
324, his war with Egypt ib. 225,
successes ib. 326. his agents in
Ethiopia despised 327, his army
destroyed 328, whips the Egyptian
priests, and kills their god apis
330 kills his wife ib. sets his suc-
cessors an example of incestuous
marriages 331, his madness ib.
his death ib.

Captivity, head of, an officer among
the Jews at Babylon 250.
Carthaginians league with Xerxes
against the Greeks 409, routed in
Sicily 415.

Children, three, carried captives from
Judea to Babylon 191, preferred
there 196, their zeal for their re-
ligion ib.

Chinzerus, king of Babylon, his
re gn 135.

Chilidanus succeeds his father Sa-
osduchinus king of Assyria 165,
his effeminacy 169.
Cimon. his descent 375, his relation
to Thucydides ib. his wars against
the Persians 432, destroys their
fleet ib. recovers his father's ter-
ritory ib. tried for his life, and
why ib.

Contributions of the Jews towards
rebuilding their temple, their a
mount 288.

Cornelius Agrippa, why taken for a
conjurer 394, and note.

Croesus succeeds his father Alyattes
in the kingdora of Lydia 249, com-
mands the Babylonian army 255,
his wars 261. routed by Cyrus ib.
his saying as he was to die 262, fa-
voured by Cyrus 263, deceived by
oracles ib. ordered to be slain by
Cambyses 331, how saved ib.
Cuthites, people of Judea, why so
called 151, odious name among
the Jews 318.

Cyaxares king of Media defeated by

the Scythians 167, his death 207.
Cyaxares, son of Astyages king of
Media born 200, called Darius the
Median by Daniel ib. succeeds his
father 250, calls Cyrus to his as-
sistance ib. is declared king of
Babylon 271 275, his death 277.
Cyrus, his birth 201, commands the
Median army 251, his descent ib.
his education 253, reduces Ar-
menia 255, his wars in Assyria 256,
routs Cræsus 261, his generosity
263, takes king Cræsus 262, his
victories 264,conquers Babylon 265,
highly favours Daniel 275, is king
of Persia, Media, and Babylon 277,
favours Daniel 278. his decree and
reasons for restoring the Jews 281,
decree for rebuilding the temple
282, his death 323.

D.

Damaratus, the Spartan, serviceable
to Xerxes 380.
Damascus taken by Arbaces 117.
Daniel, book of, writ in Chaldee and
Hebrew 321 the prophecy con-
cerning Xerxes 409.

Daniel carried into captivity by Neb.
uchadnezzar 191, his greatness 192,
reveals the king's dream ib. his
great piety 208, and fame for wis
dom 214, he prophesies to king
Belshazzar 268, just before he was
slain ib. in high favour with Cyrus
275, his prophecy of our Saviour ib.
prays for the Jews 275, in the
lion's den ib. favoured by Darius
the Median 279, his great age,
death and character 318, his build-
ing in Susa 320.

Darics, money so called, when coin-
ed 276 its value ib.
Darius the Median. See Cyaxares.
Darius, the son of Hystaspes, made
king of Persia by the neighing of
his horse 342, forwards the rebuild-
ing of the temple 346, his unscc-
cessful expedition against the Scy
thians 360, invades India 562, his
wars with the Macedonians and
Greeks 376, his heralds murdered
in Greece 377, his losses in Greece,

disposes of his crown 379, death
380, high priest of the Magians 403.
David, his riches 118.

Death of princes foretold 333.
Decrees, Cyrus' and Artaxerxes' for
restoring the Jews 281, Darius' 346,
in their favour by several Persian
kings 436 note.

Deioces, first king of the Medes 144,
the founder of Ecbatana ib. routed
by Nabuchodonosor 156.
Divination by arrows, how 209.
Drachm of gold, its value 288.

E.

Earth and water demanded of the
Greeks by Darius to denounce
war 377.

East India trade, a full account of it
from David's time to the present
age 117-123.

Ecbatana, by whom founded 144, ta-
ken by Nabuchodonosor 157, an-
other city 333, Cambyses deceived
by the name ib.
Eclipse 200.

Edom. part of the kingdom of Judea
118, revolts 121.

Egypt, anarchy there 149, civil wars
153, attacked by the Scythians 167,
by Cambyses 325, by Xerxes 408.
Egyptians, their barbarous worship
329, vanquished by Cambyses 326.
Elath, a port of Edom whence the
Jews traded to Ophir 118, lost and
recovered 121, lost entirely 122.
Eliakim, minister of state to Ma-
nasseh, his history 152.
Eli. his family left out of the pedi-
gree of high priests 161.
Elohim, this word equally applicable
to false gods as to the true one 181.
Elulæus, king of Tyre, his unfortu-
nate wars with the Assyrians 136
Esarhaddon succeeds his father Sen-
nacherib king of Assyria 145 his
conquests 151, prophesies of them
ib. his death 156.

Esau called Edom, and why 125
Esiongeber, a port whence the Jews
traded to Ophir 118, 119.
Ethiopians. their message to Camby.

ses 328.

Evilmerodach succeeds his father
Nebuchadnezzar 249, releases king
Jehoiachim out of prison ib. slain ib.
Ezekiel carried into captivity by Neb-
uchadnezzar 199, called to be a
prophet 207, his vision of the cher-
ubims ib. carried in a vision from
Babylon to Jerusalem ib his pro-
phecy against Tyre 214 against
Zedekiah ib. against Egypt 220.

F.

Fasts kept in memory of the destruc.
tion of Jerusalem & the temple 216,
Fasts kept by the Jews in their cap-
tivity 349.

Faust, John, invents printing 394,

note.

Fire worshipped by the Persian Magi
337,340,341, alterations in the wor-
ship by Zoroastres 388.

G.

Gaurs, the Persian Magi, now so cal-
led 406.

Gedaliah made governour of Judea

by Nebuchadnezzar 217, murder-
ed by the Jews ib.

Gelo, king of Sicily, slays the Cartha-
ginian general, and burns their feet
415, kills and takes their mighty
army ib.

Gods, heathen, how they first came
to be worshipped 338

Gold, Attic talent of, its value 362.
Golden calf carried away by the As-
syrians 129.

Golden image, Nebuchadnezzar's, its
size and cost 240, 241.
Grotius, what he says of the book of
Judith being a fable 159, of the
book of Baruch 206.

H.

Habakkuk, contemporary with the
prophet Jeremiah 188.
Haggai the prophet animates the
Jews to rebuild the temple 343,
his death 381.

Hamestris, Xerxes' wife, her cruelty
425, not the same with queen Es-
ther ib.

Hamilcar. general of the Carthagini-
an army, confederate with Xerxes
against Greece 409, slain 415.
Heresy, Manichæan, what it was 340.
Herodotus, what he says of Sennach-
erib 143, remarks on his history
244, 251 when born 408.
Hestians, tyrant of Miletus, his ad-
vice in favour of Darius 360, sus-
pected by the Persians 364. cruci-
fied 371, his history 372-374
Hezekiah succeeds his father Ahaz
131, begins a reformation ib. his
wars 134 refuses to pay tribute to
the Assyrians 135, being sick. is
miraculously cured 137, proud of
his alliance with the king of Baby-
lon 138 Isaiah rebukes him for it
139, and for his league with the
king of Egypt ib. his death and
honourable bicial 145.

High priests, their succession among
the Jews 161.

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Hilkiah finds the law of Moses 169.
Hippias, the Athenian tyrant, revolts
to the Persians 378, slain ib.
Holofernes, general of the Assyrians,
destroyed with his army in Pales-
tine 156.

Holy fire of the temple described
313, 314.

Holy of holies, a place in the temple
307.

Hoshea makes himself king of Israel
129, tributary to the Assyrians 130,
favours to the true worship ib. what
is said of him on that account in
Scripture ib. joins with Sabacon
against the Assyrians 134, taken
by them and imprisoned ib.
I.

Idolaters, two sects of them only in
the world 337, first worshipped
the planets 338.

Idumea, Arabia Petræa, so called 125.

differs from the Idumea in Judea ib.
Jeconiah, or Jehoiakim, succeeds his
father, king Jehoiakim 198, his
wickedness ib. sent in chains to
Babylon ib. released 247, favoured

ib.
Jehoahaz succeeds his father, king
Josiah 183, his wicked reign ib.
carried captive into Egypt ib.
Jehoiakim made king of Judah by
the king of Egypt 183, his wicked-
ness 186, slays Uriah the prophet
187, put in chains by Nebuchadnez-
zar 190, swears fealty to him, and
is restored ib. as wicked as ever
193, persecutes the prophets 195,
rebels against Nebuchadnezzar
197, slain 198.

Jehoram, king of Judah, loses Edom

121

Jehosaphat, his trade for gold 121,
unsuccessful ib.

Jeremiah's prophecy of seventy years,
how fulfilled 277, 348, 375, of Ba
bylon's destruction 354, 421.
Jeremiah, when called to the pro.
phetic office 169, his mourning for
king Josiah 179, proclaims God's
judgments against king Jehoiakim
186, his danger and escape 187,
prophesies of Nebuchadnezzar's
invasion 189, imprisoned 190, em-
ploys Baruch to publish his prophe,
sies ib. hides himself 194, prophe-
sies against Jeconiah 198, his pro-
phesies relating to the Babylonians
201, dissuades Zedekiah from en-
tering into a league against Nebu-
chadnezzar ib. writes to the Jews
in captivity 202, denounces judg.
ments against Semaiah, who wrote

against him 203, sends his prophe-
sies against Babylon to that city
204, prophesies to Zedekiah his
captivity 210, is imprisoned ib. a-
gain 211, 212, well used by order
of Nebuchadnezzar 216, carried
into Egypt 219, prophesies against
the Jews there 221, conjectures of
his death ib.

Jerusalem besieged 114, taken in the
reign of Ahaz 116, improved by
Hezekiah 149, called Cadytis 184,
how called now by the Turks and
Arabs 185, taken by the king of
Egypt ib. named the holy city by
the Asiatics ib. taken by Nebu-
chadnezzar 190, again 198, plun
dered by him ib. again ib. burnt 215,
priests celebrate the feast after the
Babylonish captivity 287, its dis-
tance from Babylon 346, explana.
tion of the ichnography of the tem-
ple of 291-293.

Jeshua, high priest of the Jews after
their restoration 281, his descent
ib. his death 408.

Jews lose their trade into the South.
ern sea 121, their first captivity by
Arbaces 128, ten tribes lost 150,
tributary to the king of Egypt 184,
carried away captives by Nebu-
chadnezzar 191, when their Baby-
lonish captivity commenced 189,
192, 199, 211, fly into Egypt from
the Assyrians 219, prophesies about
their destruction fulfilled 224, pur-
sued into Egypt 229, how they
evade the prophesies concerning
the sceptre departed from Judah
250, restored 281-287, some of all
the tribes return 282, their number
284, the poorest of them return 285,
and fewer in number than those that
staid ib. they resettle ib. thoroughly
restored 348, their privileges con.
firmed by Xerxes 408, are in his
great army 411.
Ionians rebel against Darius 366-
370, recover their liberty after
Xerxes' defeat 422.

Josephus, many great mistakes in his
history 174, 282.

Josiah succeeds his father Ammon
king of Judah at eight years old
166, his piety 167, reigns over the
whole tribes 169, reforms them ib.
rends his clothes at hearing Moses'
law read 170, his solemn celebra-
tion of the passover ib. his rash en-
gagement with the king of Egypt
177, he is slain ib. the great moum-
ing for him 179.
Isaac's prophecy of Esau fulfilled 121.

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