REMARKABLE OCCURRENCES, &c., 1880-81. SEPTEMBER, 1880. 22. New French Ministry formed; M. Jules Ferry, Premier. - Terrible landslip at Naini Tal, Postmaster - General issued scheme for enabling small invest ments in Government Stocks. 4. The General Steam Navigation had risen in arms and established 1. Arms Bill voted urgent and read Republic, under President Kruger. 12. Irish Coercion Bill passed and Royal Assent given. The Bantry Land League issued orders for whole ale Boycotting." 4. General Garfield installed Presi Bengal, reported. Forty Europeans Company's steamer Pilot sank after The first battalion 60th Rifles ordered dent of the United States. killed. 24. Discovery of Franklin's remains by the American Expedition. 29. Alderman McArthur, M.P., elected Lord Mayor of London. 30. Protocol of the Powers respecting Eastern Affairs published. OCTOBER. 1. Melbourne International Exhibition opened. -Professor Huxley opened Sir Josiah Mason's Scientific College at Birmingham. The Rous Memorial Stakes won by Bal Gal. Government reward of £1000 offered for the discovery of Lord Mountmorres' murderer. 5. Elias Laycock, of New South Wales, defeated Thomas Blackman, of Dulwich, in a scullers'-race for £200. 6. Destructive floods in Sheffield and other places. - Social Science Congress Meeting at Edinburgh, Lord Reay, president. 11. The Sultan signed an iradé ordering the surrender of Dulcigno t) Montenegro. collision in the Thames. 5. The March Decrees enforced against the Dominicans, Franciscans, and other religious orders in France. Mr. Watkin Williams gazetted to a Puisne Judgeship. 9. Destructive earthquake in Southern Austria; enormous damage done at Agram. 11. The Liverpool Cup won by Prestonpans. 15. Defeat of Umhlonhlo in South Africa. Edward Hanlan, of Toronto, defeated Edward Tricke't, of Sydney, in a sculling-match for the championship.. Mr. Bright elected Lord Rector of Glasgow University. 16. David Godwin defeated Charles Smith in a scullers'-race on the -Execution of Nihilists at St. Petersburg. 17. Great Shropshire Handicap won by Misenus. Lewis Gibson defeated George Tarryer in a scullers'-race on the Thames. Pistol. 18. Shrewsbury Cup won by Antient Townhall de The Basutos attacked Maseru, but were repulsed after severe fight-stroyed by fire. 19. Shrewsbury ing. 12. The Cesarewitch won by Robert Turnery Exhibition at the Man the Devil. sion House. The Irish Land League met to consider Archbishop M'Cabe's pastoral condemning the agitation. 13. Opening of the Food Exhibition at Agricultural Hall. The Middle Park Plate won by St. Louis. The sixth volume of Mr. Kinglake's "History of the Crimean War" issued. 15. The Completion of Cologne Cathedral celebrated. 18. Expulsion of Carmelites and Barnabites from France. 19. The Cape forces defeated the Basutos and relieved Mafeteng. 20. Mr. Herries made a K.C.B.; Mr. Algernon West and Mr. Adam Young C.B.'s. - Fall of snow throughout the country. 21. International balloon contest at the Crystal Palace. - New harbour at Sunderland opened. The Autumn Cup at Sandown Park won by Melfort. 22. Cardinal Manning opened a Carmelite convent at West Brompton. 25. Freemasons' Banquet at the Mansion House; Prince of Wales and Prince John of Denmark present. 26. The Cambridgeshire Stakes won by Lucetta. 28. Destructive gales and floods throughout the country. - Lord Penzance ordered the imprisonment of the Rev. T. P. Dale for disobedience of an inhibition to preach at St. Vedast's, Foster-lane. 29. Lerothodi's village stormed and captured; the Basutos routed. NOVEMBER. Regatta won by Elias Laycock (of 20. Final heat in the International Sydney). 25. Sir Theodore Martin elected Lord Rector of St. Andrew's Uni versity. Horn. The Lancashire Cup won by War 27. Lord Coleridge appointed Lord Chief Justice of England. 29. Mr. Shaw-Lefevre appointed First Commissioner of Works, Mr. Trevelyan succeeding him as Secretary to the Admiralty. Wallace Ross and Edward Trickett. Scullers'-race for £400 between The latter came in first; but, owing to a foul, the rate was ordered to be rowed again. The Council of Judges decided in favour of abolishing the offices of Chief Justice of theCommon Pleas and Lord Chief Baron. 30. Carnarvonshire Election: Mr. Rathbone (L), 3180; Mr. Ellis Nanny (C.), 2151. DECEMBER. Wigan election: Mr. F. S. Powell, the Conservative candidate, defeated Mr. John Lancaster (L.) by 3005 votes to 2536. 21. House of Commons: Debate on the motion by Mr. Rylands urging independence. the recognition of the Transvaal after a great battle at Chorillos, in Capture of Lima by the Chilians, which 7000 were killed and 2000 prisoners taken. Renewed storms in the west. Several wrecks reported, with loss of life, and ten persons frozen to death in various parts of the country. charged, unable to agree. 25. Irish State Trials: Jury dis 25. Grand National: 1, Woodbrook; 2, Regal, 3, Thornfield. 27. Prince of Roumania assumed the title of King. Lawson-Labouchere libel case concluded; jury unable to agree. Alexander III. invested with the Order of the Garter. 30. Socialist organ Freiheit seized; editor arrested. 7. Land meeting near Brookeborough, Enniskillen, prohibited-Laing's Neck. the Riot Act read. Subscriptions for the Panama Canal Company opened in the United States. 10. Explosion at the Naval SteamCoal Colliery at Penygraig; nearly ninety lives lost. Justice Fitzgerald received a threatening letter." 13 Cabinet Council hastily summoned to consider the alarming condition of Ireland. Mr. Lehmann (L.) unseated for Evesham on petition. The Queen's Bench refused to order the release from custody of the Rev. T. P. Dale. Mr. B. W. Currie appointed 2. Informations lodged against Mr. Member of the Council of India. Parnell, M.P., Mr. Dillon, M.P, Mr. 14. Baron Dowse received a threatBiggar, M.P, Mr. T. D. Sullivan, ening letter; and agrarian murder M.P., Mr. Sexton, M.P., and nine in the county of Longford, other persons on an indictment charging them with conspiracy. Mr. Adam entertained at Edinburgh on his acceptance of the Governorship of Madras. Manifesto of the Irish Land League issued. 16. Kendal Election: Mr. Cropper (L.), 953; Mr. Hafris (C.), 653. Mr. Callan, M.P., ordered to pay - General Gardeld elected Pre-a fine of £50 and costs for his libel sident and Mr. Chester A. Arthur on Mr. A. M. Sullivan. M.P. Vice-President of the United States. -Elias Laycock, of Sydney. defeated George Hosmer in a scullingmatch on the Thames. 8. Conference of vestry delegates had an interview with Home Secretary on the London Water Supply. The Queen conferred Knighthood on Mr. W. W. Hughes, of South Australia, Dr. E. B. Sinclair, and Mr. E. Baines. 20. Judgment in favour of the Postmaster-General in suit against the telephone companies. 31. New Ross Election: Mr. J. E. Redmond (H R.) returned unopposed. FEBRUARY. 1. House of Commons sat all day: extraordinary scenes occurred. 2. Debate on the introduction of of Coercion Bill stopped by Speaker. Bill read first time at 9.30 a.m., House having sat forty-one and a half consecutive hours. 13 Acceptance by Greece of Turkish frontier proposals. 18. A Grand Volunteer Review at Brighton. Natural History Museum at South Kensington opened. 19. Death of the Earl of Beaconsfield. International Monetary Conference opened at Paris. 21. Evacuation of Candahar. 22. West Cheshire Election: Tollemache (C.), 4800; Tomkinson (L.), 4418. 25. Tarbaca bombarded by the French Tunisian fort destroyed. 26. The Earl of Beaconsfield buried House resumed at twelve. Irish at Hughenden. members raised question of privilege Mr. Bradlaugh proceeding to 3. House of Commons: Mr. Parnell take the oath, Sir Stafford Northcote and thirty-four other Irish members moved that he be not allowed to do "named" for obstruction, and re- so; on a division the motion was moved by the Serjeant-at-Arms. carried by 208 to 175. Mr. Gladstone's new rules of debate French troops landed on Tupassed. nisian territory. Michael Davitt. Fenian convict, founder of the Irish Land League, arrested at Dublin. MAY. 2. Terms of peace with the Basutos 8. Engagement with Boers near published. Newcastle. Mr. Dillon, M.P., arrested under 12. Marriage of Lady Burdett- the Irish Coercion Act. Coutts and Mr. W. AshmeadBartlett. 4. Reported blowing up of H.M.S. Doterel, in the Straits of Magellan. 143 lives lost. 14. Presentation and banquet to Sir F. Roberts by City Corporation. Two Thousand Guineas Stakes 27. Marriage of Prince William of won by Peregrine in 1 min. 49 sec. Prussia and Princess Augusta 5. A vote of thanks moved to the Victoria of Holstein-Augustenberg. officers and men engaged in the Defeat of the British at Majuba Afghan campaign. Hill. General Colley killed 28. General Roberts appointed chief in command in the Transvaal. 9. FS Granville moved an Address for a monument to Lord Beaconsfield in Westminster Abbey. THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON ALMANACK 12. Knaresborough Election: Collins (C.), 374; Gaskell (L), 333. 17. Revised Version of the New Testament issued. 20. Preston Election: Ecroyd (C.),} 6004; Thompson (L), 4340. 23. Prince Leopold created Duke of Albany. - The Right Hon. W. P. Adam, Governor of Madras died at Ootacamund. 24. Frontier convention between Turkey and Greece signed. Steam-boat disaster in Canada; 238 lives lost. 25. Johann Most, editor of the Freiheit, tried at the Old Bailey and found guilty of inciting to assassination. Mr. Suter released by brigands in Macedonia on payment of £15,000 ransom. Lords. FOR 1882. Mr. Asher (L) returned unop- Land Bill; bill sent back to the 14. Fête of the French Republic celebrated. 15. Sale of Lord Beaconsfield's pictures, MSS., copyrights, &c. Spain, and Portugal. -Great heat: Thermometer in ported in America: France. 18. House of Commons-The com- 19. Queen's Prize at Wimbledon Court of Elcho Shield won by England. Wimbledon Meeting 22. House of Commons -Land Bill passed through Committee. 23. Prizes distributed to Volunteers at Wimbledon. 25. House of Commons-Debate on between French and Italians. riots in Marseilles the Government. the Transvaal: Motion to Censure 20. House of Lords: Prince Leo-infernal machines imported from pold took his seat as Duke of Albany. America. Discovery at Liverpool of twelve 26. Appearance of an unexpected comet in the Northern Hemisphere. 27. Murder of Mr. Gold on the Brighton Railway. 28. Mr. Gladstone's motion for precedence for the Land Bill agreed to. 29. Midhat Pasha and eight others sentenced to death for the murder of Abdul Aziz. teen months' hard labour. The Hon Burial of Dean Stanley in new Ariny Organisation scheme. Abdul Aziz banished to Hedjaz, 24. Heavy rains; great damage to crops all over the country. 25. Review of 40,000 Volunteers by unopposed for Elgin Burghs. the Queen in Queen's Park, Edin burgh. Mr. Alex. Asher (L.) returned 27. Parliament prorogued. South Carolina, and causing great 28. Cyclone on the South Atlantic coast of loss of life. America, extending to territory to Greece, under the terms the House of Commons. Wreck of the Union steam-ship' lives. RAILWAY ACCIDENTS IN 1880. Kingdom during 1880 shows that the total number of persons returned to The report of the accidents which occurred on the railways of the United the Board of Trade as having been killed in the working of the railways during the year was 1136, and the number of injured 3958. Of these 143 546 killed and 2080 injured were officers or servants of the railway companies, persons killed and 1613 persons injured were passengers. Of the remainder, laneous causes. Of the passengers 29 were killed and 904 were injured from or of contractors; and 447 killed and 265 injured were trespassers, suicides, and other persons who met with accidents at level crossings or from miscelaccidents to trains. In addition to the above the companies returned 45 persons killed and 2733 injured from accidents which occurred on their preholders, was 603,884,000 for the year 1880, or 41,151,110 more than in the premises, but in which the movement of vehicles on railways was not concerned. The total number of passenger journeys, exclusive of journeys by season ticket West-killed and 1 in 374,166 injured. vious year. Calculated on thesc figures, the proportions of passengers killed and injured in 1880 from all causes were, in round numbers, 1 in 4,252,704, killed and injured from causes beyond their own control was in 1880 1 in 20.927,034 killed and 1 in 667,300 injured. killed and 1 in 474,166 injured. The proportion of passengers returned as In 1879 the proportions were 1 in 3,517,000 collisions of the year leads to the conclusion that, while they were due prinis stated that a perusal of the circumstances which led to the accidents and 281,366,500, or, including the Tay Bridge disaster, 1 in 7,503,000 killed and 1 In 1879 the proportion was 1 in in 934,700 injured. In the general remarks at the conclusion of the report it their effects; and that the safety of railway travelling has been cipally to mistakes (95 out of 118), the greater part of them might, under other circumstances, have been averted, or at all events modified in greatly enhanced from year to year, notwithstanding the greatly increased traffic on the railways and the large length of new railways opened. length of railways has increased between December, 1873, and December, 241,000,000 in 1880, or 22 per cent. 1880, by upwards of 1851 miles, or 11 per cent. The velled by trains of all descrip'ions has increased from 197,000,000 in 1873 to The number of miles traexclusive of sea-on-ticket holders, has increased from 455,000,000 in 1873 to The number of passengers carried, nearly 604,000,000 in 1880, or 32 per cent. The number of tons of mercent, and the number of collisions included in those numbers has likechandise and minerals carried has increased from 191,000,000 in 1873 to working of railways has decreased from 459 in 1873 to 322 in 1880, or 30 per 235,000,000 in 1880, or 23 per cent. The number of accidents arising in the decreased from 55 per cent in 1873 to 416 per cent in 1850, tending to prove portion of collisions to the total number of train accidents having. wise decreased from 253 in 1873 to 134 in 1880, or 47 per cent, the prohowever, show a somewhat increased proportion to the traffic when compreventing a large number of collisions. that the interlocking and absolute block systems have been the means of They show, too, that no amount of mechanical appliances will operate as a Con-pared with 1879, but a much smaller proportion than in most former years. The fatal accidents of 1880, ordered staff of employés. But the tables given in the report also show that dispense with the most important of all appliances, an efficient and wellcomplete protection against the consequences of human negligence, or the gradual and partial adoption by the railway companies of the block of accidents, and that efficient mechanical appliances, so far from increasingsystem and of interlocking points and signals, so long urged in Parliament and by the Government, has been concurrent with a decrease in the number he risks arising from human negligence, tend to diminish them. -Johann Most sentenced to six-feated by Ayoub Khan at Karez-i- appointed Madras. 30. University College, Nottingham, opened by the Duke of Albany. Insurrectionary movement Tunis against the French. in JULY. 1. New Army Warrant came into operation. AUGUST. speech by Mr. Farnell on the Irish 2. General Garfield, President of the United States of America, shot as he was about to enter the train on Baltimore and Potomac Railway. The assassin fired two shots, froin which he died on Tuesday, Sept. 201 following, twelve weeks and three Ayoub Khan on July 30 announced. days afterwards. Occupation of Candahar by International Medical 3. Turco-Greek frontier Conven-gresses opened by H.R.H. the Prince tion signed at Constantinople. -Arab rising in Sfax. of Wales. -Evacuation of Turkish territory to blow up the Liverpool Townhall, ceded to Greek commenced. -McGrath convicted of attempt McKevitt to 15 years. sentenced to penal servitude for life; -Miles S. F. Green. Return appeal: Judgment against the Rev. Platting Ritual Four soldiers died of excessive heat during a review at Aldershott. 5. Preliminary Census issued: Population of Great Britain and Ireland, including Channel Islands, 35,246,562. case 3. Mr. Bradlaugh, on attempting to force his way into the House of Com CIVIL LIST PENSIONS. - Thermometer in London 92 deg. mons, was expelled by order of the The following is a list of all pensions granted during the year 1881 : in the shade. 6. Arrival in England of King Kalakaua, of the Sandwich Islands. 7. Balance of King of Ashantee's war indemnity arrived in England. 9. Volunteer Review by the Queen in Windsor Great Park: 52,000 men under arms. 10. Arta transferred to Greece. 11. House of Lords--A Royal Commission issued for an inquiry into City Churches. - Wimbledon Meeting-Shooting commenced. Speaker. 4. Signature of the Convention 8. House of Lords: Irish Land Boers; Proclamation of the Republic. Retrocession of Transvaal to the in Chicargo in furtherance of revoMeetings of Irish secret societies lutionary designs against England. Greece and Turkey signed in Con9. Direct convention between - Bombardment of Sfax. 12. French reinforcements sent to Northern Africa; spread of Arab stantinople. revolt. Prolongation of French Commercial Treaties till Feb. 5 agreed to by the Senate. -Translation of the remains of Pope Pius IX. to the Church of San Lorenzo. 13. Great heat in the United States; over 150 deaths from sunstroke. of Electricity at Paris opened. House of Mrs. Pauline Mary Hawker, £80, in recognition of the position of her late husband, the Rev. Mr. Hawker, as a poet. Elizabeth Charlotte Viscountess Stratford de Redcliffe and her three un- her late husband, Lieutenant-General James Wells Armstrong, C.B. Mrs. Sophia Lucy Jane Clifford. £80, in recognition of the eminent mathe- Madame Fanny Keats de Llanos, £80, in consideration of the eminence of her brother, John Keats, as a poet. Mary Lady Duffus Hardy, £55, in addition to the pension of £100 a year husband, the Rev. John Roigers, in the cause of public elementary ASTRONOMICAL OCCURRENCES. THE MOON is near Jupiter from the time of rising on the 2nd and throughout the night; is near Mercury and Mars on the 13th; she is near Venus on the evenings of the 15th and 16th, is near Saturn during the night common to the 27th and 28th: the nearest approach will be at about 2h. a.m. on the 28th, and she is near Jupiter the whole night of the 30th. Her phases or times of change are: 99 12th,, 19th 55 16th 34 1 6 99 11 99 99 99 2 99 Last Quarter on the 4th at 17 minutes after 2h. in the morning. New Moon morning. First Quarter afternoon. Full Moon afternoon. She is furthest from the Earth during the afternoon of the 9th, and nearest to it on the morning of the 25th. MERCURY sets on the 3rd at 5h. 57m. p.m., or 22 minutes after sunset; on the 8th at 5h. 41m. p.m., or 19 minutes after sunset; on the 13th at 5h. 23m p.m., or 12 minutes after sunset; on the 19th he sets at sunset; and from this day till Dec. 22 he sets in daylight. He rises at sunrise on the 23rd, an at 5h. 44m. a m., or 1h. 4m. before sunrise on the 28th. He is stationary among the stars on the 11th and on the 31st, near the Moon on the 13th, in inferior conjunction with the Sun on the 23rd, in his ascending node on the 26th, and at his least distance from the Sun on the 30th. VENUS is an evening star, setting 1h. 7m. after sunset on the 8th, 1h. 9m. after sunset on the 18th, and 1h. 11m. after sunset on the 28th, the planet setting on these evenings at 6h. 29m., 6h. 9m., and 5h. 50m. respectively. She is near the Moon on the 16th. MARS is an evening star, and sets 31 minutes after sunset on the 8th, 30 minutes after sunset on the 18th, and 27 minutes after the Sun on the 28th, the planet setting on these evenings at 5h. 56m., 5h. 30m., and 5h. 6m. respectively. He is due south on the 1st at 1h. 7m. p.m, on the 15th at Oh. 49m. p.m., and on the last day at Oh. 30m. p.m. He is near the Moon on the 13th, and in his descending node on the 14th. JUPITER rises on the 7th at 8h. 45m. p.m., or 3h. 20m. after sunset; on the 17th at 8h. 7m. p.m., or 3h. 5m. after sunset; and on the 27th at 7h. 27m. p.m., or 21h. after sunset. He is due south on the 1st at 5h. 24m. a.m., on the 15th at 4h. 32m. a.m., and on the last day at 3h. 28m. a.m. He is near the Moon on the 3rd, and again on the 30th, and stationary among the stars on the 19th. SATURN rises on the 7th at 6h. 55m. p.m., or 13h. after sunset; on the 17th at 6h. 15m. p.m., or 1h. 13m. after sunset; on the 27th at 5h. 33m. p.m., or 59m. after sunset. He is due south on the 1st at 2h. 57m a.m., on the 15th at 1h. 59m. a.m, and on the last day at Oh. 52m. a.m. He is near the Moon on the 28th. |