er with his brother Alexander, as we have already related. But when they were arrived at years of puberty, this Herod, the brother of Agrippa, married Mariamne, the daughter of Olympias, who was the daughter of Herod the king, and of Jofeph, the fon of Jofeph who was brother to Herod the king, and had by her a fon, Ariftobulus; but Ariftobulus, the third brother of Agrippa, married Jotape, the daughter of Sampfigeramus, king of Emefa*; they had a daughter who was deaf, whofe name alfo was Jotape; and these hitherto were the children of the male-line. But Herodias, their fifter, was married to Herod [Philip, the fon of Herod the Great, who was born of Mariamne, the daughter of Simon the high-prieft, who had a daughter Salome; after whofe birth Herodias took upon her to confound the laws of our country, and divorced herself from her husband while he was alive, and was married to Herod [Antipas,] her husband's brother by the father's fide; he was tetrarch of Galilee; but her daughter Salome was married to Philip, the ion of Herod, and tetrarch of Trachonitis. and as he died childlefs, Ariftobulus, the fon of Herod, the brother of Agrippa, married her; they had three fons, Herod, Agrippa, and Ariftobulus, and this was the pofterity of Phafaelus, and Salampfo, But the daughter of Antipater by Cypros, was Cypros, whom Alexis Selcias, the fon of Alexas, married; they had a daughter, Cypros; but Herod and Alexander, who, as we told you, were the brothers of Antipater, died childlefs. As to Alexander, the fon of Herod the king, who was flain by his father, he had two fons, Alexander and Tigranes, by the daughter of Archelaus king of Cappadocia; Tigranes, who was king of Armenia, was accufed at Rome, & died childlefs;Alexander had a fonof the fame name with his brother Tigranes, and was fent to take poffeffion of the kingdom of Armenia by Nero: He had a fon, Alexander, who married Jotape, t the daughter of Antiochus, the king of Commagena; Vefpafian made him king of an illand in Cicilia. But thefe defcendants of Alexander, foon after their birth, deferted the Jewith religion, and went o ver to that of the Greeks; but for the reft of the daughters of Herod the king, it happened that they died childlefs. And as thefe defcendants of Herod, whom we have enumerated, were in being at the fame time that Agrippa the Great took the kingdom, and I have now given an account of them, it remains that I relate the feveral hard fortunes which befel Agrippa, and how he got clear of them, and was advanced to the greateft height of dignity and power. * There are coins ftill extant of this Emefs, as Spanheim informs us. + Spanheim alio informs us of a coin ftill extant of this Jotape, daughter of the king of Commagena. CHAP. VI. Of the Navigation of King Agrippa to Rome, to Tiberius Cafar; and how, upon his being accufed by his own freed-man, he was bound: How alfo he was fet at liberty by Caius, after Tiberius's death, and was made king of the tetrarchy of Philip. § 1. A LITTLE before the death of Herod the king, A. grippa lived at Rome, and was generally brought up and converfed with Drufus, the emperor Tiberius's fon, and contracted a friendship with Antionia, the wife of Drufus the Great, who had his mother Bernice in great efteem, and was very defirous of advancing her fon. Now as Agrippa was by nature magnanimous and generous in the prefents he made, while his mother was alive, this inclination of his mind did not appear, that he might be able to avoid her anger for fuch his extravagance; but when Bernice was dead, and he was left to his own conduct, he spent a great deal extravagantly in his daily way of living, and a great deal in the immoderate prefents he made, and thofe chiefly among Cæfar's freed-men, in order to gain their affiftance, infomuch that he was in a little time reduced to poverty, and could not live at Rome any longer. Tiberius alfo forbade the friends of his deceased fon to come into his fight because on seeing them he fhould be put in mind of his fon, and his grief would thereby be revived. 2. For thefe reafons he went away from Rome, and failed to Judea, but in evil circumftances, being dejected with the lofs of that money, which ho once had, and because he had not wherewithal to pay his creditors, who were many in number, and fuch as gave him no room forefcaping them. Whereupon he knew not what to do; fo, for fhame of his prefent condition, he retired to a certain tower, at Malatha, in Idumea, and had thoughts of killing himfelf; but his wife Cypros perceived his intentions, and tried all forts of methods to divert him from his taking fuch a courfe: So the fent a letter to his fifter Herodias, who was now the wife of Herod the tetrarch, and let her know Agrippa's prefent defign, and what neceffity it was which drove him thereto, and defired her as a kinfwoman of his, to give him her help, and to engage her hufband to do the fame, fince the faw how the alleviated these her hufbands tronbles all fhe could, although fhe had not the like wealth to do it withal. So they fent him, and allotted him Tiberias for his habitation, and appointed him fome income of money for his maintenance, and made him a magiftrate of that city, by way of honour to him. Yet did not Herod long continue in that refolution of supporting him, though even that fupport was not fufficient for him; for 1 as once they were at a feast at Tyre, and in their cups, and reproaches were caft upon one another, Agrippa thought that was not to be borne, while Herod hit him in the teeth with his poverty, and with his owing his neceffary food to him. So he went to Flaccus, one that had been conful, and had been a very great friend to him at Rome formerly, and was now prefident of Syria. 3. Hereupon Flaccus received him kindly, and he lived with him. Flaccus had alfo with him there Ariftobulus, who was indeed Agrippa's brother, but was at variance with him; yet did not their enmity to one another hinder the friendship of Flaccus to them both, but ftill they were honourably treated by him. However, Ariftobulus did not abate of his ill-will to Agrippa, till at length he brought him into ill terms with Flaccus: The occafion of bringing on which eftrangement was this: The Damafcens were at difference with the Sidonians about their limits, and when Flaccus was about to hear the 'cause between them, they understood that agrippa had a mighty influence upon him; fo they defired that he would be of their fide, and for that favour promifed him a great deal of money; fo he was zealous in affifting the Damafcens as far as he was able. Now Ariftobulus had gotten intelligence of this promife of money to him, and accufed him to Flaccus of the fame; and when upon a thorough examination of the matter, it appeared plainly fo to be, he rejected Agrippa out of the number of his friends. So he was reduced to the utmost neceffity, and came to Ptolemais; and because he knew not where else to get a livelihood, he thought to fail to Italy ; but as he was reftrained from fo doiny by want of money, he defired Marfyas, who was his freed man, to find fome method for procuring him fo much as he wanted for that purpose, by borrowing fuch a sum of some perfon or other. So Marlyas desired of Peter, who was the freed man of Bernice, Agrippa's mother, and by the right of her teftament was bequeathed to Antonia, to lend fo much upon Agrippa's own bond and fecurity; but he accufed Agrippa of having defrauded him of certain fums of money, and fo obliged Marfyas, when he made the bond of 20,000 Attic drachmæ, to accept of 2500 drachmæ *lefs than what he defired, which the other allowed of, because he could not help it. Upon the receipt of this money, Agrippa came to Anthedon, and took fhipping, and was going to fet fail; but Herennius Capito, who was the procurator of Jamnia, fent a band of foldiers to demand of him 300,000 drachmæ of filver, which were by him owing to CæJar's treasury while he was at Rome, and fo forced him to stay. He then pretended that he would do as he bid him ; but • Spanheim obferves, that we have here an inftance of the Attic quantity of use money, which was the eighth part of the original fum, or 12 and an half per cent. for fuch is the proportion of 2500 to 20,000. when night came on, he cut his cables, and went off, and failed to Alexandria, where he defired Alexander the Al abarch*to lend him 200,000 drachmæ ; but he said he would not lend it to him, but would not retufe it to Cypros, as greatly astonished at her affection to her husband, and at the other inftances of her virtue, fo the undertook to repay it. Accordingly Alexander paid them five talents at Alexandria, and promifed to pay him the reft of that fum at Dicearchia [Putcoli; and this he did out of the fear he was in that Agrippa. would foon spend it. So this Cypros let her husband free, and difmiffed him to go on with his navigation to Italy, while she and her children departed for Judea. 4. And now Agrippa was come to Puteoli, whence he wrote a letter to Tiberius Cæfar, who then lived at Capreæ, and told him, that he was come fo far in order to wait on him, and to pay him a vifit; and defired that he would give him leave to come over to Capreæ ; fo Tiberius made no difficulty, but wrote to him in an obliging way in other respects, and withal told him, he was glad of his fafe return, and defired him to come to Capreæ ; and when he was come, he did not fail to treat him as kindly as he had promiled him in his letter to do. But the next day come a letter to Cæfar from Herennius Capito. to inform him, that Agrippa had borrowed 300,ooo drachmæ, and not paid it at the time appointed; but, when it was demanded of him, he ran away like a fugitive, out of the places under his government, and put it out of his power to get the money of him. When Cæfar had read this letter, he was much troubled at it, and gave order that Agrippa fhould be excluded from his prefence, until he had paid that debt: Upon which he was no way daunted at Cæfar's anger, but entreated Antonia, the mother of Germanicus, and of Claudius, who was afterward Cæfar himself, to lend him those 300 000 drachmæ, that he might not be deprived of Tiberius's friendship; fo, out of regard to the memory of Bernice his mother, (for those two women were very familiar with one another), and out of regard to his and Claudius's education to gether, the lent him the money; and, upon the payment of this debt, there was nothing to hinder Tiberius's friendship to him. After this, Tiberius Cæfar recommended to him his grandfont, and ordered that he fhould always accompany him when he went abroad. But upon Agrippa's kind reception by Antonia, he hetook himself to pay his refpects to Caius, who was her grandfon, and in very high reputation by reason of the good will they bare his father. Now there was one Thallus, a freed man of Cæfar, of whom he borrowed a milion of drachmæ, and thence repaid Antonia the debt he owed her; and by fending the overplus in paying his court to Cal us, became a perfon of great authority with him. ❤ The Governor of the Jews there. + Tiberius junior. #Germanicas. 5. Now, as the friendship which Agrippa had for Caius was come to a great height, there happened fome words to pafs between them, as they once were in a chariot together, concerning Tiberius; Agrippa praying [to God], (for they two fat by themfelves), that "Tiberius might foon go off the stage, and leave the government to Caius, who was in every relpect more worthy of it." Now Eutychus, who was Agrippa's freed man, and drove his chariot, heard these words, and at that time faid nothing of them; but when Agrippa accused him of ftealing fome garments of his, (which was certainly true), he ran away from him; but when he was caught, and brought before Pifo, who was governor of the city, and the man was afked, why he ran away? he replied, that he had fomewhat to lay to Cælar, that tended to his fecurity and prefervation: So Pifo bound him, and lent him to Capreæ. But Tiberius, according to his ufual cufiom, kept him ftill in bonds, being a delayer of affairs, if there ever was any other king or tyrant that was fo; for he did not admit ambafladors quickly, and no fucceffors were difpatched away to governors or procurators of the provinces, that had been formerly lent, unless they were dead; whence it was, that he was to negli gent in hearing the caufes of prifoners; infomuch, that when he was afked by his friends, what was the reafon of his delay in fuch cases? He faid, That "he delayed to hear ambaffdors, left, upon their quick difmiffion, other ambaffadors fhould be appointed, and return upon him; and fo he should bring trouble upon himself in their public reception and difmiffion That he permitted thofe governors, who had been fent once to their governments [to stay there a great while], out of regard to the fubjects that were under them; for that all governors are naturally difpofed to get as much as they can, and that those who are not to fix there, but to stay a fhort time, and that at an uncertainty, when they fhall be turned out, do the more feverely hurry themfelves on to fleece the people; but that if their government be long continued to them, they are at laft fatiated with the fpoils, as having gotten a vaft deal, and fo become at length lefs fharp in their pillaging; but that, if fucceffors are fent quickly, the poor fubjects. who are expofed to them as a prey, will not be able to bear the new ones, while they fhall not have the fame time allowed: them, wherein their predeceffors had filled themfelves, and for grew more unconcerned about getting more; and this because they are removed before they have had time for their oppreffions]. He gave them an example to fhew his meaning: A great number of flies came about the fore places of a man that had been wounded; upon which one of the ftanders-by pitied the man's misfortune, and, thinking he was not able to drive thofe flies away himfelt, was going to drive them away for. him; but he prayed him to let them alone: The other, by way of reply, afked him the reafon of fuch a prepofterous proceed VOL. II. W w |