Topography of Sicily: Syracuse,

Camarina, Gela, Megara, Zancle, Eryx country, Egestaca,

Selinus, Minoa, Mactorium, Inycus,

Callipolis, Naxos, Leontini, Himera, Agrigentum, Hybla,

Camicus, river Elorus, Cithera

Crete, its history

Topography of Crete: Cydonia, Cnossus,

Itanus, Axus

Carpathus

Rhodes

Cyprus

Topography of Cyprus: Paphos, Soli, Curium, Amathus, Salamis

Key of Cyprus

ISLANDS OF THE AEGEAN, or Grecian Archipelago, general de-

scription

I. The Cyclades

Delos, the centre; its sacred character; sanctuary of Artemis;

banqueting-hall of the Ceians

Grave of the two Hyperborean virgins, Hyperoche and Laodice;

grave of two other Hyperborean virgins, Opis and Arge

Islands round Delos, viz. Rhenea, Myconus, Tenos, Andros, Scy-

ros, Ceos,

Cythnos, Seriphus, Siphnos, Melos, Paros,

Naxos

II. The Sporades, viz. Thera,

Telos, Cos, Leros

ib

97

III. Other islands of the Aegean

ib

Samos

ib

The aqueduct; the mole; the temple of Hera and its curiosities,

viz. the great brazen mixing-vessels,

ib

Two wooden statues of Amasis, picture of the Bosphorus bridge,

furniture of Polycrates, linen corselet of Amasis

102

Brazen vessel on a tripod: description of the city of Samos; curious

festival observed by the Samians

103

Flourishing condition of Samos under Polycrates; Samians in

Libya; artistic skill of the Samians;

Topography of Chios: Chios, Caucasa, Coeli, Polichne: notices

of the Chians

Sciathus

Euboea

Topography of Euboea: Eretria, Chalcis, Styra, Geraestus,

Carystus, Histiaeotis; description of the beach of Artemi-

sium; Coela, Cape Cephareus, mountains, the Abantes

Salamis

Psyttalea

Aegina, its trade and shipping

Hydrea

Belbina

CHAPTER VI.

MACEDONIA, THRACE, AND ILLYRIA.

Page

107

108

ib

109

ib

110

ib

111

ib

Countries north of the Cambunian and Ceraunian hills

113

I. MACEDONIA: difference between Macedonia Proper and the Ma-

cedonian empire

ib

General description of the Macedonian empire

114

Mygdonia, Crestonica

Watered by four rivers: Haliacmon, Lydias, Axius, Echeidorus

Divided into five districts: Pieria, Macedonia Proper, Bottiaeis,

Peninsula of Chalcidice

Bay of Singus; Cape Ampelus; Sithonia: Cape Canastraeum;

Pallene; Crossaea

118

Therma; river Axius; gulf of Therma; Olynthus; Scione;

Potidaea

119

lions;

Route of the Persian army: river Echeidorus; camels attacked by

rivers Lydias and Haliacmon

Pieria

Additional topographical notices: Mount Dysorum; Anthemus;

Creston; mythus of the Temenidae; sacred river

Gardens of Midas; Mount Bermion

II. THRACE: its geography illustrative of the routes of Darius and

Route taken by Darius: bridge over the Bosphorus; two columns

of white marble; Byzantium

Cyanean isles; river Tearus'; Heraeopolis; Perinthus; Apollonia;

rivers Contadesdus, Agrianes, and Hebrus; Aenus; river Artis-

cus; the Odrysae

:

Scyrmiadae, Nipsaei, and Getae; Mesambria; bridge at the Ister

Route of Xerxes from the Hellespont to Acanthus the Cher-

sonesus; inhabited by the Thracian Dolonci; wall across the

isthmus; topography-Elaeus, sepulchre of Protesilaus, Sestos,

Madytus

Xerxes leaves the Chersonesus

Apsinthians

Agora

Bay and river of Melas

Aenus

Lake Stentoris

Doriscus

Valley of the river Hebrus

Sala and Zona.

Cape Serrhium

Mesambria

ib

ib

Paeones above Crestonica, and on Mount Orbelus and Lake

Prasias

ib

Miscellaneous notices of southern Thrace: Bryges; gold mine of
Scapte Hyle; Cape Sarpedon; Perinthus; Selybria; Aegos-
potami; Tyrodiza; Leuce Acte; Bisanthe; Hellespontines

Northern Thrace, but little known: its seven rivers; Istria; Pil-

lars of Sesostris

132

ib

Peculiar custom of the Trausi : mournful births and happy funerals

ib

Paeonians on Lake Prasias: living in huts supported over the

ib

Difficulties in Herodotus's description of Scythia

Its identification with southern Russia, Moldavia, and Wallachia

138

ib

Face of the country

Crimea or Taurica

Rivers of southern Russia

Herodotus's description of Scythia

Its form and measurement

Its boundaries

Extent of our author's personal knowledge

ib

140

ib

ib

'ib

141

ib

Olbia, the centre of his observations

Explanation of his statements respecting the route along the coast

Explanation of his statements respecting the route into the interior

The four-sided shape of Scythia explained

The Ister or Danube, its five mouths and equal stream.

ib

Five tributaries flowing into it: the Porata, Ararus, Naparis, Or-

dessus, and Tiarantus .

Difficulties in the theory of Niebuhr and Ideler

Identification of the five tributaries with the Pruth, Sireth, Jalom-

nitza, Argisch, and Aluta

Seven independent rivers: the Tyras, Hypanis, Borysthenes,

Difficulty in identifying the Panticapes, Hypacyris, and Gerrhus :

probably the Samara, Kalantchak, and Tastchenik

Boundaries of Scythia on the modern map

ib

148

149

150