ROUTE 102.

BALE TO ZURICH
DIRECT.

55 miles. First class, 9.30 francs; second, 6.55 francs; third, 470 francs.

We

EAVING Bale, we cross the valley of the Birs, and traverse the slopes of the Jura. Near Pratteln, on the right, we see the ruins of the Castle of Schauenburg; on the left, beyond the Rhine, rise the mountains of the Black Forest. pass (10 miles) Rheinfelden, once strongly fortified. Quitting the Rhine and passing several small stations, we reach (29 miles) the great tunnel under the Botzberg (1950 feet), and soon reach BRUGG (36 miles), situated near the confluence of the Aar, the Reuss, and the Limmat. Át this point once stood the Roman town of Vindonissa. Some remains of it have been found from time to time. The Schwarze Thurm (Black Tower) is a Roman structure, of the time of the Later Empire. It was restored in the early part of the 15th century. Crossing the Reuss, we reach TURGI JUNCTION (44 miles), whence there is a branch to Waldshut. We keep along the left bank of the Limmat to BADEN (47 miles). The Castle was formerly the residence of the Hapsburg princes. The Baths, about a quarter of a mile from the station, were known to the Romans. They are much frequented, and the neighbourhood affords many pleasant excursions.

The baths are used in cases of scrofula and diseases of the skin After passing through a tunnel under the hill, on which the

castle stands, we see, on the left, the Cistercian Abbey of Wettingen, now a college. In the church adjoining it is the sarcophagus, once containing the remains of the Emperor Albert.

The Alps are in view on the miles). For a description of this right as we approach ZURICH (63 place, see Route 98.

ROUTE 103.

BALE TO LUCERNE.

55 miles. Fares: First class, 9.40 francs; second, 6·60 francs.

HE route as far as Pratteln (5 miles) is the same as to Zurich. of the Ergolz, we go through Entering the valley Liestal (8 miles), Laufelfingen (18 a pleasant country; passing miles), where we pass through a tunnel 2,700 yards, and reach OLTEN (23 miles), (Hotel: Schweizerhof), an important junction, whence lines branch off in all directions. Passengers to and from Lucerne change carriages here, those from Bale and Zurich do not. Continuing our route we pass Zofingen (32 miles) and several small stations, and reach Sursee, a little beyond which we see the Lake of Sempach, near which the Swiss Confederates, in 1386, defeated Leopold of Austria, owing to the self-sacrifice of Arnold von Winkelried. Ten miles beyond the station Sempach, is LUCERNE (see Route 104).

ROUTE 104.

ZURICH TO LUCERNE.

39 miles. First class, 6·65 francs; second, 470 francs; third, 3.35 francs.

EAVING Zurich we, reach AFFOLTERN (15 miles), near which, on the left, is the lake of Turl. Crossing the Lorze which flows out of the Lake of Egeri, we arrive at ZUG (243 miles), (Hotel: Hirsch). It is pleasantly situated on the Lake of Zug, and is surrounded by gardens and orchards. The lake is about 11 miles long, and 2 in width. (Steamers run from Zug to Immensee, connecting with an omnibus to Kussnacht, and with steamers thence to Lucerne. Steamer goes also to Arth, and connects with trains on the ArthRigi Railway to Rigi Kulm.)

LUCERNE (38 miles), (Hotels: see "HOTEL LIST.")

ARRIVAL-Omnibuses and porters from all the hotels meet the trains.

Cab hire-For hour, 1 or 2 persons, 80 centimes; 3 or 4 persons, 1 fr. 20 c.; 1 hour, 2 fr. 50 c. Row boats, 75 c. per hour; each boatman, 75 c.

ENGLISH CHURCH, every Sunday in summer.

It is situated on both banks of the Reuss, at the point where that river leaves the Lake. Its position is extremely picturesque, having the Lake of Lucerne spreading before it, Mount Pilate on the right, and the beautiful district of the Rigi in front, across the northern arm of the Lake.

Lucerne is an ancient walled city. It is said to derive its name from a tower on the lake,

in which a light was always kept burning. Amongst the public buildings are the Town-house, the Cathedral, the Church of the Jesuits, the Arsenal, Theatre, Lyceum, and Hospital. It has three curious bridges: the Muhlbrucke, a covered bridge over the Reuss, near the Arsenal, is furnished with paintings of "The Dance of Death;" the Reussbrucke is not covered, and is accessible to carriages; the Kappellbrucke, crossing the mouth of the Reuss, close to the lake, is adorned with paintings representing scenes in the lives of St Leger and St Maurice, and commemorating the heroic deeds of the Swiss.

The CATHEDRAL contains some good paintings, and a fine new organ. Performances every week day from 6 to 7 p.m., tickets 1 franc.

The chief object of interest in Lucerne is the colossal LION sculptured on rock in a garden adjoining the town, in commemoration of the Swiss guards, who may be said to have suffered martyrdom in defence of their master, the King of France, at the beginning of the French Revolution. It is a magnificent work of art, admirable in conception and execution." It is cut in high relief on the face of the living rock, and represents a lion wounded by a spear and dying, yet still seeking to protect the shield of France. The figure is of immense size, 28 ft. by 18 ft. The original idea of the monument was suggested by General Pfyffer, one of the surviving Swiss, but it was modelled by Thorwaldsen. Above the sculpture is inscribed the motto, "Helvetiorum Fidei ac Virtuti," and below it the names of the officers who fell, and the few survivors. Near the monument is the entrance to the Gletscher

garten (fee, 1 franc), which contains curious remains of a glacier with holes formed by whirlpools, and rocks worn by the action of ice, discovered in 1872. Stauffer's Museum, of about 600 stuffed Alpine animals, is close by (fee, 1 franc). In the Rathaus is a Museum containing ancient and modern pictures, and an historical and art-industrial collection, besides antiquities found in the neighbourhood, armour, &c.

Lucerne is the residence of the Papal Nuncio. It has no manufactures, and its business is restricted to the traffic in corn which is carried on weekly, the corn market being one of the largest in Switzerland.

Lucerne became independent in 1332 and joined the Confederation. It dates from the 8th century, and was subject to the abbots of Murbach, who surrendered it to the house of Hapsburg. It was taken by the French in March 1798, and was for a short time the capital of the Helvetic Republic. It was the focus of the insurrection against the French which was suppressed in October 1802. As a Catholic Canton, Lucerne was very active on behalf of education by the Jesuits, 1844.

The Lake of Lucerne is universally admitted to be the finest of all the Swiss lakes. It is of very irregular form, and its shores present a diversity of imposing and delightful scenery. Steamers ply from Lucerne to Fluelen several times a day, touching at intermediate places.

The town by reason of its position upon the most beautiful of the Swiss lakes, its proximity to some of the most sublime mountain scenery of the Alps, the healthfulness of its climate and the exceptional excellence of its hotels, is more frequented by tourists and seekers after health

and rest, than any of the Swiss villages. The promenades and drives in the vicinity are numerous and of ever varied interest, the lake affords delightful excursions, and within a short distance are the famous Rigi and Pilatus, from the summits of which the views are of the grandest description.

The prices of even such hotels as the SCHWEIZERHOF and LUZERNERHOF, which are regarded by many experienced travellers as among the best hotels in the world, are not above the reach of moderate purses. In the neighbourhood are many places of resort suitable for a lengthened stay. Among these are the HOTEL RIGI SCHEIDECK, reached by the Rigi railway to the Kaltbad, and thence by a branch railway. This hotel has recently passed into the hands of one of the Hausers, who enjoy an enviable fame as hosts. Burgenstock, across the lake, is popular with invalids by reason of its isolated and quiet position. It is mostly patronised by Germans. Farther away is ENGELBERG, reached in about three hours from Lucerne by steamer to Stansstad and thence by carriage. It is also much frequented by German invalids.

[THE RAILWAY FROM LUCERNE, UNDER THE ST GOTHARD.

The line will start from Lucerne, and also from Zurich, and these two branches will meet at Zug. The railway will pass to the foot of the Rigi, and pierce it through a tunnel near Goldau, and continue by a series of tunnels by the side of the Lake of Lucerne to Fluelen, and at Goeshenen, near the Devil's Bridge, it will enter the great tunnel of the St Gothard, 9 miles