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Sibylla. In the garden is a chapel containing, amongst other things, the scourge, hair shirt, and wire cross which she used for her mortification. At Oos (111 miles) there is a branch line of three miles to

BADEN-BADEN.

ARRIVAL.-No omnibuses. Cabs, quarter of an hour, one or two persons, 85 pf.; three or four persons, 1.05: half an hour, 1.35 and 1.70; one hour, 2.05

and 2.55.

BADEN-BADEN is beautifully situated in the valley of the Oos, and is bordered on three sides by wooded hills that form part of the range of the Black Forest mountains. The town is partly built upon the slope of the hills, the new and finer portions extending toward and along the Oos and the charming promenade called the LICHTENTHAL ALLEE. It has long been one of the most frequented as it is the most attractive of the Continental watering-places, the number of strangers resorting to it every year being over 50,000. Ordinary tourists and persons in quest of rest and pure air resort to it to avail themselves of the benefits of its salubrious climate and pleasant surroundings, the distractions afforded by the authorities, and the cheapness and luxury of living to be found there; and invalids find it a charming and profitable resort, on account of its thermal waters and the unrivalled appliances for their use.

The first object of interest to strangers, and the central point of attraction to all visitors, is the CONVERSATION HAUS, or Kursaal. (Strangers pay a small daily charge). It is situated on the level

plateau near the river, at the base of the wooded hill that borders the town on the west, which forms a striking background to the edifice. It is a fine building with a Corinthian portico, and contains a splendid central hall, devoted to concerts and other entertainments. Adjoining and communicating with this hall are reading-rooms, concert and ball rooms, and other apartments, some of which were used, before the suppression of public games in 1872, as play or gambling rooms. The Conversation haus is open all the year, and is, in winter as well as in the warm season, a pleasant place of resort. The readingrooms are liberally supplied with journals in almost every language, from all parts of the world. West of and very near the last-named building is the beautiful and imposing edifice called the TRINKHALLE, or Pump Room as it would be called in England. It is a portico of sixteen Corinthian columns, decorated with numerous frescoes illustrative of fourteen legends of the Black Forest. The Trinkhalle presents an animated appearance between the hours of 7 and 8 in the morning, at which time great numbers of visitors resort to it to drink the waters, and to indulge in a morning promenade. The excellent band plays in the adjacent Kiosk during the hours mentioned. In front of the Trinkhalle is a marble bust of the Emperor William.

On the other side of the Conversation haus, to the south, is the Theatre, and close to it, a little in the rear, is a building containing a permanent exhibition of paintings. The large open space in front of the Conversation haus, which is the evening promenade, has upon one side two rows of attractive shops.

On the height behind the Trink

halle is the pretty Greek Chapel with a gilded cupola.

THE SPRINGS are on the height above the old town, on the right bank of the Oos and opposite the Conversation haus. They issue at the foot of the hill upon which stands the CASTLE, or Schloss, near the ancient parish church. They are 13 in number, varying in temperature from 117° to 154° Faht. The chief spring called the Ursprung issues from the earth in the vapour bath which is in the old market-place. The waters are conveyed in iron pipes to the Trinkhalle and to the various bathing establishments. Near the sources is the magnificent BATH HOUSE, Completed in 1877, in the style of the Renaissance. It is called the Friedrichsbad, and is perhaps the finest bathing establishment in Europe. It contains every appliance for bathing, and not only are the waters of Baden supplied for drinking, but those of nearly all the principal medicinal springs of Europe.

The New Castle, or Schloss, socalled to distinguish it from the old ruined castle on the hill, is the usual summer residence of the Grand Duke of Baden. The apartments, which are handsomely decorated and well furnished, may be visited as well as the cellars or subterranean apartments underneath, which latter are said to have served in the 15th and 16th centuries as prisons. There is a tradition that a secret tribunal used to hold its sittings here. It is alluded to by Sir Walter Scott in his "Anne of Geierstein." Fee to the custodian, 1 mark to 1.50.

The ruins of the Old Castle may be reached by a well-shaded road (carriage, 8 marks). A fair walker would reach it in a little more than half an hour. Donkeys may be hired for the trip at 1 m. 80 pf. per hour. The finest view to be

had from any point in the neighbourhood of Baden, may be had from these ruins, embracing the whole of the city, with its beautiful environs, the valley of the Rhine as far as Spires on the one side, and Strasburg on the other. There is a good restaurant at the Schloss. A walk of a few minutes from the Old Castle leads to a point called Felsen Brucke, from which there is an extensive and beautiful view. To the south of this is a height called Mercury, with a round tower, easily accessible, from which a still more extensive view may be had.

The principal street leading from the railway station to the Conversation haus, leads at once, after passing that edifice, directly into the LICHTENTHAL ALLEE. This promenade is the chief attraction of Baden-Baden, and is perhaps without a rival anywhere. The carriage road runs between two rows of large trees, and on each side of it are footpaths, and close by murmurs the little river. On each side are handsome villas and wellkept grounds, and at frequent intervals, on the west side, wellmade paths lead out of the Allee, and extend to pretty points of view on the surrounding heights. It is a drive of half an hour by this Allee to Lichtenthal, a village of about 2,000 inhabitants, with a convent founded in 1245. From Lichtenthal a route leads to Gunzerbach, where there is a Zoological Garden, and to the Thiergarten (Molkenanstalt). The collection of the former has been dispersed.

A striking object in the centre of the town is the Protestant Church, with two handsome towers.

There is an English church. Services on Sundays at 11 a. m., and 3 p.m.

Baden has become of late years

the winter residence of many foreign families, who resort to it on account of its excellent educational facilities, its agreeable climate, the amusements afforded by the town, and for the excellent accommodation, coupled with low prices, which it affords in the winter season.

(Near Sassbach, 2 miles from the railway, on the left, a granite obelisk marks the spot where the French general, Turenne, was killed in 1676, in the campaign against the Austrians). At APPENWEIER (133 miles) a branch turns off to KEHL, 8 miles distant, and thence to Strasburg and Paris. (See page 358). Before reaching Appenweir we see, on the right, the distant spire of Strasburg Cathedral. The Castle of Staufenberg, built in the eleventh century, is seen on a height to the left. At OFFENBURG (137 miles), (Hotel: Bohnhofshotel), there is a statue of Sir Francis Drake, who introduced thepotato into Europe. The castle of Ortenburg, destroyed in 1689, was rebuilt in 1834, on the plans of Eisenlohr. Good wines are grown in the neighbourhood. [OFFENBURG is the junction for the Railway to Constance through the Black Forest, see Route 152.]

Passing some unimportant places we reach FRIBURG (176 miles), (Hotel : see "HOTEL LIST"). It is situated on the borders of the Black Forest, 40 miles from Strasburg. It is an open, well-built town. The walls and ditches with which it was formerly surrounded are converted into promenades and vineyards. The Minster or Cathedral is one of the most beautiful and perfect specimens of Gothic architecture in Germany. It is cruciform and built of red sandstone, was begun in 1122 and completed in 1513. Its tower is 367 ft. high and is remarkable for its

elegance and lightness. In one of the chapels, the University Chapel, there are among other pictures, a Nativity and an Adoration, by Holbein the younger, the latter considered one of his best works. The ancient and modern stained glass is worthy

of attention.

In the church is the tomb of Berthold of Zahringen, the last of his race, who died in 1218. The altar-piece, by Grun, represents the Ascension and Coronation of the Virgin, with the Twelve Apostles on the wings at either side.

There are several other paintings by the same artist.

The Kaufhaus (Exchange) is a curious Gothic edifice of the sixteenth century, built on arches decorated with gilt frescoes. The portal is adorned in a similar manner. In the town are two handsome Gothic fountains. The Schlossberg affords pleasant promenades, and an extensive prospect. Passing several unimpor

tant stations we reach

MULLHEIM (196 miles). (Four miles from this station is BADENWEILER (Hotel: Romerbad). It is

a

fashionable watering-place, with a warm sulphur spring used in cases of gout, rheumatism, &c. Fine views of the Black Forest and Rhine valley may be had from the old Castle above the town. The remains of Roman baths are the most perfect in Europe.)

BALE (215 miles).

(For description of Bale, see Route 97).

ROUTE 152.

OFFENBURG TO CONSTANCE

(BLACK FOREST RAILWAY.)

(Distance, 112 miles; time by express, 5 hours; fares, first, 16.40; second, 11:55. A through carriage leaves Frankfort for Constance by this route every morning. Twenty minutes are allowed for refreshment at Offenburg.)

NTERING the broad and fertile valley of Kinzig at once after leaving, we pass Ortenburg, near which, on a hill, is the beautiful castle of Ortenberg. Gengenbach (6_miles), Biberach (11 miles), Hausach (21 miles), are passed, after which the line quits the valley of Kinzig, and soon enters the valley of the Gutach. HORNBERG, 26 miles, has upon a height above it a fine castle, which was taken by the French, under Marshal Villars, in 1703. From Hornberg to St Georgen (18 miles) is the most curious and interesting part of the route. The railway follows, for the most part, the old carriage road, and is often built upon ledges along the sides of the hills. Entering the narrow wooded valley of the Gutach and passing the little village of Niederwasser, the first great curve begins, called "the winding Tunnel of Niederwasser." From this point tunnels and bridges follow each other in rapid succession, there being 26 tunnels in the 18 miles between Hornberg and St Georgen. In rising to the summit the line doubles upon itself at several places, and

from several points one line, and at some places two lines of rail, over which the train has already passed, are seen far below. In point of scenery, and as an example of what modern engineering can do in overcoming obstacles, this line is perhaps the most interesting in Europe. TRIBERG (35 miles) is the most agreeable and frequented stopping place on the route (Hotel : see "HOTEL LIST.") The town is about a mile from the station. Within ten minutes' walk from the town is the CASCADE OF TRIBERG, considered one of the most beautiful in Germany. It is hemmed in by pine woods, through which there are wellmade paths reaching to the fall. The fall is over 500 feet, in seven stages, the water pouring over enormous blocks of granite. The new Black Forest Hotel is close by the falls. Triberg is one of the centres of the clock trade of the Black Forest, and there is a permanent exposition here of clocks, musical boxes, and other products of the district, which is well worth seeing.

At once after leaving Triberg, the line crosses the Gutach, and soon enters the great "winding tunnel of Triberg," and makes a wide curve, from which the station and the line are again seen far below. The views in this vicinity are the finest on the line. Many tunnels and viaducts are passed during this interesting part of the journey. Turning presently towards the east, the line, after passing through many small tunnels, and one long one (the latter nearly 6,000 feet), crosses the summit of Sommerau, the water-shed between the Rhine and the Danube. ST GEORGEN (45 miles) is situated upon the left bank of the Brigach. It has an ancient Benedictine Abbey. Here also clocks are

We

made in large numbers. now descend the valley of the Brigach, passing several small stations, and reach VILLINGEN, which has remains of its old fortifications, a city hall in the style of the Middle Ages, and a church dating from 1420. It has clock manufactories, and here are made the gigantic musical boxes called orchestrions. DoNAUESCHINGEN (62 miles) is the residence of the Duke of Furstenberg, whose chateau, visible from the railway, contains a gallery of paintings, manuscripts, &c. It has a fine park.

(An omnibus leaves this place every day for Friburg, 8 hours).

inhabitants, has a curious Romanesque church, containing a fine old carved-wood altar. LANDSHUT (55 miles) (Hotel: Kronprinz) pleasantly situated on the Isar. It has three fine old Gothic churches, St Martin's (1450), St Jodocus (1338), and the Spitalkirche (1407), all built of brick, the first being remarkable for its bold proportions and its stone The tower of St sculptures. Martin's is 454 feet high. The University, founded by Louis the Rich at Ingoldstadt (1479), was transferred to Landshut in 1800,

and thence to Munich in 1826. The Castle of Trausnitz, above the town, is very well worth a visit. The Chapel, which dates from the 13th century, is very curious.

Our route now follows the valley of the Danube, and passing several small stations, reaches SINGEN (112 miles), the junction for Schaffhausen and Zurich, leaving which we soon see the Lake of Constance, passing along the shore of which, for several miles, 1 we reach CONSTANCE, for description of which, see Route 97. (Hotel at Constance: CoSTANZERHOF).

ROUTE 153.

MUNICH TO RATISBON

(PASSAU, LINZ, and VIENNA.)

85 miles; 1st class, 12.40; 2nd, 8.75; 3rd, 5.20.

EAVING Munich we reach FREISING (23 miles), on the left bank

of the Isar. The Cathe dral, dating from the thirteenth century, and badly restored in 1722, has a curious crypt. Moosburg (32 miles), a town of 2,000

Passing two or three places of no note we reach RATISBON, or REGENSBURG (92 miles), (Hotels: see "HOTEL LIST").

Cabs, 1 horse, to the Walhalla, hour, 3 m. 50 pf., to go and return, 7 m. ; 2 horses, to go and return, 10 m. or 13 m.

An omnibus goes several times a day to the Walhalla, 1 m. to go and return.

This town is situated in the midst of a broad and fruitful valley, on the right bank of the Danube, at the mouth of the Regen. The Danube is here crossed by a bridge 1,100 feet in length, and connecting Ratisbon with its northern suburb of Stadt-am-Hof. It presents a strongly-marked medieval character, with its ancient ramparts, fosses and gates, and its narrow, crooked streets, with their high, gabled houses, while it retains many interesting monuments of its importance and wealth during the middle ages. Among its churches the most remarkable is the Cathedral, founded in 1275, and restored in 1838, a noble specimen of Gothic architecture, especially noteworthy for the fine

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