meafure out the Morfels, and fit them to the Capacity of the OEfophagus.

I fall conclude with a notable Relation of Galen's, lib. 6. de locis effectis, cap. 6. concerning a Kid taken by him alive out of the Dam's Belly, and nourifhed and brought up.

او

Ἡ διαπλάσασά τε καὶ τελειώσασα φύσις ειργά σατο χωρὶς διδασκαλίας ἐπὶ οἰκείαν ἐνέργειαν ἔρχε σθαι καὶ βάσανόν γε τέτε μεγίςην ἐποιησάμην ποτὲ θρέψας ἔριφον, ἄνευ τῇ θεάσασθαί ποτε τὴν κυήσα σαν· αἶγας γὰρ ἐγκύμονας ἀνατεμὼν ἕνεκα τῶν ἔζη τημένων θεωρημάτων τοῖς ἀνατομικοῖς ἀνδράσι περὶ τῆς κατὰ τὸ κυόμενον οἰκονομίας, ἑυρὼν ποτὲ γενι ναῖον τὸ ἔμβρυον, ἀπέλυσα μὲν τῆς μήτρας ὥσπερ εἰώθαμεν· ἁρπάσας 5 πρὶν θεάσασθαι τὴν κυήσασαν. εἰς· οἶκον μέν τινα κομίσας κατέθηκα, πολλὰ μὲν ἔχοντα λεκάνια· τὸ μὲν οἶνε, τὸ 5 ἐλαίς, τὸ μέλιτος, τὸ 5 γάλακτος, ἢ ἄλλω τινὸς ὑγρῶ πλῆς ρες, ἐκ ὀλίγα δ' ἄλλα τῶν Δημητρίων καρπῶν, ὥσπερ ἢ καὶ τῶν ἀκροδρύων· ἐθεασάμεθα ἢ τὸ ἐμε βρυον ἐκεῖνο, πρῶτον μὲν βαδίζον τοῖς ποσὶν, ὥσπερ ἀκηκοὼς ἕνεκα βαδίσεως ἔχειν τὰ σκέλη δέυτερον δι ἀποσειόμενον τὴν ἐκ τῆς μήτρας ὑγρότητα, καὶ τρίτου ἐπὶ τέτῳ κυσάμενον ἑνὶ τῶν ποδῶν τὴν πλευρὰν, εἶτ' ἀσμώμενον εἴδομεν αυτὸ τῶν κειμένων κατὰ τὸν οἶκον ἑκάτε, ὡς 5 πάντων ὠσμᾶτο τὸ γάλακτος ἀπερίφη σεν, ἐν ᾧ καὶ ἀνεκράγαμεν ἅπαντες, ἐναργῶς ὁρῶντες ὅπερ Ἱπποκράτης ἔφη, φύσεις ζώων ἀδίδακτοι. Καὶ τοίνυν καὶ ἀνεθρεψάμην ἐκεῖνο τὸ ἐρίφιον, εἴδομέν τε προσφερόμενον ὕφερον ἐ τὸ γάλα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ τῶν κειμένων ὄντος 5 τε καιρδ καθ' δν εξηρέθη τῆς μητρὸς ὁ ἔριφος, ἐγγὺς τῆς εἰαρινῆς ἴσημε

1

ρίας, μετὰ δύο πῶ μῆνας εἰσεκομισάμην αυτῷ μας λακᾶς ἀκρέμονας θάμνων τε καὶ φυτῶν, ὧν πάλιν καὶ αυτῶν ὀσμησάμενον ἁπάντων, ἐνίον μὲν εὐθέως ἀπέςη, τινῶν ἢ ἠξίωσε γεύσασθαι, καὶ γευσὰ ἐνίων ἐπὶ τὴν ἐδωδὴν ἐτράπετο τῶν καὶ ταῖς μεγάλαις αιξὶ συνήθων ἐδεσμάτων. ̓Αλλὰ τέτο μὲν ἴσως μικρόν· ἐκεῖνο μέγα. Τὰ γὰρ φύλλα καὶ τὰς μαλακὲς ἀκρέμονας ἀποφαγὼν κατέπιεν· εἶτ ̓ ὀλίγον ὕςερον ἐπὶ τὸ μηρυ κάζειν ἧκεν, ὃ πάλιν θεασάμενοι πάντες ἀνεβόησαν ἐκε πλαγνέτες ἐπὶ ταῖς τῶν ζώων δυνάμεσι μέγα μὲν γὰρ ᾧ καὶ τὸ πεινῆσαν διά τε τε ςόματος καὶ τῶν ὀδόντων προσφέρεσθαι τὴν ἐδωδήν ἀλλ ̓ ὅτε τὸ καταποθὲν εἰς τὴν γαςέρα πρῶτον μὲν ἀναφέρειν εἰς τό ςόμα προσή κεν, ἔπειτα λεαίνειν ἐν αὐτῷ μασσώμενον ἐν χρόνῳ πόλλῳ, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα καταπίνειν μηκέτι εἰς τὴν αυτὴν κοιλίαν, ἀλλ ̓ εἰς ἑτέραν, ἱκανῶς ἡμῖν ἐφαίνετο θαυμάσιον εἶναι Παρορῶσι 5 πολλοὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα τῆς φύσεως ἔργα, μόνα τὰ ξένα θεάματα θαυμάζοντες. That is to fay,

Nature forming, fashioning and perfecting the Parts of the Body, bath fo brought it to pafs, that they fould of themfelves, without any teaching, fet about and perform their proper Actions: And of this I once made a great Experiment, bringing up a Kid without ever seeing its Dam. For diffecting fome Goats great with Young, to refolve fome Questions made by Anatomifts, concerning the OEconomy of Nature in the Formation of the Foetus in the Womb; and finding a brisk Embryon [young one] I loofed it from the Matrix after our ufual manner, and fnatching it away, before it faw its Dam, I

brought

brought it into a certain Room; having many Veffels full, fome of Wine, fome of Oil, Jome of Honey, fome of Milk, or fome other Liquor; and others not a few filled with all Sorts of Grain, as alfo with feveral Fruits, and there laid it. This Embryon we saw first of all getting up on its Feet and walking, as if it had heard, that its Legs were given it for that purpose; next shaking off the Slime it was befmeared with from the Womb; and moreover, thirdly, fcratching its Side with one of his Feet; then we saw it Smelling to every one of thofe Things that were fet in the Room; and when it had felt to them all, it fupped up the Milk; whereupon we all for Admiration cried out, feeing clearly the Truth of what Hippocrates faith, That the Natures and Actions of Animals are not taught, (but by Inftinct.) Hereupon I nourished and reared this Kid, and obferved it afterwards not only to eat Milk, but fome other things that stood by it. And the Time when this Kid was taken out of the Womb being about the Vernal Equinox, after Some two Months were brought into it the tender Sprouts of Shrubs and Plants, and it again fmelling of all of them, inftantly refused fome, but was pleased to taste others; and after it had tafted, began to eat of fuch as are the ufual Food of Goats. Perchance this may seem a Small thing, but what I shall now relate is great. For eating the Leaves and tender Sprouts, it fwallowed them down, and then a while after it began to chew the Cud; which all that faw cried out again with Admiration, being aftonished at

the

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Part II. the Instincts and natural Faculties of Animals. For it was a great thing that when the Creature was hungry, it should take in the Food by the Mouth, and chew it with its Teeth; but that it Should bring up again into the Mouth that which it had fwallowed down into its firft Stomach; and chewing it there a long time it should grind and fmooth it, and afterwards swallow it again, not into the fame Stomach, but into another, feemed to us wonderful indeed. But many neglect fuch Works of Nature, admiring only ftrange and unusual Sights. So far Galen.

This pleafant and admirable Story, fhould one confider all the Particulars of it, and endeavour to give an Account of them, as alfo all the Inferences that might be drawn from it, one might fill a whole Volume with Comments upon it. All that I fhall at prefent fay, is this, That in all this OEconomy, and these Actions, Counsel and Defign doth fo clearly appear, that he muft needs be very stupid that doth not difcern it, or impudent, that can deny it. I might add, That there feems to be fomething more than can be performed by meer Mechanifm in the Election this Creature made of its Food: For before it would eat of any, it fmelt to all the Liquors before it, and when it had done fo, betook itself to the Milk, and devoured that. He doth not fay that the Milk was the laft Liquor it smelt to, or that when it had once smelt to that, it prefently drank it up. The like alfo he faith of

all

all the Sprouts and Branches of Plants that were laid before it. By the by, we may take Notice of one thing very remarkable, that this Kid of its own Accord drank Milk, after the manner it had done in the Womb; whereas had it once drawn by the Nipple, it would hardly have fupp'd the Milk. And therefore in weaning young Creatures, the best way is never to let them fuck the Paps at all, for then they will drink up Milk without any Difficulty; whereas if they have fuck'd, fome will very hardly, others by no means be brought to drink. But how do the Young with fuch Facility come to take the Nipple, and to fuck at it, which they had never before used to do? Here we must have Recourfe to Natural Inftinct, and the Direction of fome Superiour Cause.

Notice hath been already taken in an Obfervation communicated by my learned Friend Dr. Tancred Robinson, of the Providence of Nature in fo forming the Membranes of the Body, as to be capable of a prodigious Dilatation and Extenfion; which is of great Ufe in fome Diseases; for Example, the Dropfy, to continue Life for fome time, till Remedy may be had; and if not, to give Time to prepare for Death. But the Wisdom and Design of this Texture doth in no Inftance more clearly appear, than in the Neceffity of it for the Womb in the Time of Geftation. For were not the Womb in Women, which, during Virginity, is not bigger than a fmall Purse, almolt

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