Bishop McCroskey, Right Reverend Lefevre, Shubael Conant, Colonel Ruehle, aldermen Joseph Godfrey, James Shearer and J. W. Purcell, Adam Elder, Gideon Campbell, Edward Kanter, Alexander Chapoton and Frederick Buhl; secretaries, Stanley G. Wight and C. Wood Davis. After the adoption of suitable resolutions, Recorder Morrow was loudly called for, and spoke as follows:

SPEECH OF COLONEL HENRY A. MORROW.

Fellow Citizens We are here to rekindle our devotion to our beloved country which is in peril. This is the time of its destiny; this is the crisis of its fate. From this terrible struggle it will come forth purified and respected, or it will sink into obscurity and disgrace, known on the historian's page as the weakest of human inventions. Our fathers thought they were erecting a temple of liberty which should last for ages, where oppression should be unknown and freedom find an asylum. Unless this causeless rebellion is crushed, the hopes of mankind in republican liberty are blasted. This generation of loyal citizens has assigned to it the noblest work ever intrusted to a nation that of maintaining in its integrity, the government of the United States. A generous and intelligent people will not decline the labor.

Let us understand the issue. It is government or no government, national life and honor, or national death and disgrace. It is more-it is individual disgrace. If our Southern brethren had been menaced even, in their constitutional right to liberty or property, I should not be here to-day. By birth, by education, by sympathy and interest, I am deeply attached to the Southern people, and if the government of the United States had turned aside from its constitutional prerogatives of defending and protecting the States, and become their oppressor and destroyer, I know my duty; and as certain as I am here to-day, I should not be here, but would be found in the ranks of the Southern army!

But this was not so. The government never oppressed the South. The national statute book did not contain a law which deprived the South of any constitutional right. Out of sixteen Presidents the South has furnished eight, and while no Northern President was ever re-elected, five out of the eight from the South were re-elected. The country has been forty-nine years under Southern Presidents and only twenty-five years under Northern. It is notorious that the Southern people have enjoyed a very large proportion of the public offices. Is it not a curious fact that a people who have controlled the nation and shaped its foreign and domestic policy for two-thirds of the time, and who have never suffered a single wrong should raise their hands to strike down its flag? Could they anticipate any wrong when they commanded the two houses of Congress and could control the policy of the government? Had Lincoln been disposed to do them injustice, he was entirely at the mercy of Congress. It was not oppression, nor the fear of it, that drove the South into rebellion, but an unholy lust for power.

The war was forced upon us. The South began the conflict. The government struck no blow. It simply demanded the right to perform an act of humanity which the Southern people should have performed themselves. It asked that bread might be sent to a starving garrison. Major Anderson was nearly out of supplies, and in response to an arrogant demand for surrender, he returned the thrilling reply, “If you will wait till to-morrow noon I shall be out of provisions, and hunger will compel me to surrender!" Did they wait? No, but like savages opened their guns upon Fort

Sumter. Their Secretary of War and Jefferson Davis made speeches at the Confederate Capital that night. The former declared that "THEY had that day begun a war, the issue of which no man could foretell "-a confession from one in authority that THEY, and not wɛ, were the aggressors. Now, can any man, in a situation to serve his country, hesitate as to what is his duty in this hour of danger and disaster? Will you see your country dishonored before the world and raise no hand to save it? Patriotism is natural to the human heart. Love of country is one of the noblest feelings in the breast of man. It belonged to the Greek and Roman in ancient times, and it burns like a star in the heart of every lover of his country. It moved Washington amid the snows of Valley Forge, and it inspires the hearts of twenty millions of people in the loyal States. It is an instinct in the breast of every honest man. The noblest heroes in history, whose names are synonyms of courage and fidelity, have devoted their lives to their country. Hampden, and Sydney, and Russell, were patriots, and history has embalmed their names in its choicest amber. Emmet was a patriot and martyr, and his very name will ever arouse the Irish nation. Washington, first and best of men, was a patriot, and the world claims him for its

own.

Major Anderson is a patriot, and the children of men through generations shall read, with glowing hearts, his heroic defense of Sumter.

My young friends, I appeal to you by all that is sacred, to come forward and sustain your government. Are you a patriot? Now is the time to show it. Do you seek comfort and security for yourselves and families? Come then, and help subdue this insurrection. Have you a pride in the greatness and respectability of your government? They are gone forever unless this rebellion is subdued. We shall sink into a fifth-rate power and be as contemptible as Mexico or Morocco. Do you wish for adventure and distinction? Here is the field in the best fed, best clothed, and most intelligent army that ever went forth to battle.

One word for myself. I am going to the field. I invite you to go with me. I will look after you in health and in sickness. My influence will be exerted to procure for you the comforts of life, and lead you where you will see the enemy. Your fare shall be my fare, your quarters my quarters. We shall together share the triumph, or together mingle our dust upon the common field. We are needed on the James River. Our friends and brothers are there. Let us not linger behind. In this time of national peril, the government turns to you. Let it not appeal in vain. [Prolonged applause.]

LAST PUBLIC SPEECH OF HON. LEWIS CASS.

He was too feeble to

Hon. Lewis Cass was loudly called for. make more than a brief speech, but the immense crowd would brook no refusal from this noted descendant of a former generation. He had made Detroit his home for over half a century and had held many high positions of national trust and honor. It was his last speech in public life, and his few remarks were influential throughout the Union. The venerable statesman spoke as follows:

Fellow Citizens-Standing here and witnessing the patriotic enthusiasm of the people, my heart is too full for utterance. There is no man who feels more anxious that the Constitution shall be preserved as it was given to us by our fathers. We of this generation have a noble duty to perform for mankind. We are to preserve this fair land a heritage to our children and to freedom forever. Our fathers endured

much in their struggle for independence, and shall we prove degenerate sons of those noble sires? It cannot be. The people of the North will rescue the government. [Cheers.]

SPEECH OF SHERIFF MARK FLANIGAN.

Fellow Citizens-At a time like this it behooves every man to put forth his utmost energies in defense of the government. Every man who is loyal to his once happy land and abhors rebellion, should rise to a full sense of his duty in this hour of its adversity. Judge Morrow and myself are going to raise a regiment. I hope every man will respond to his country's call. [Cheers.]

SPEECH OF HON. DUNCAN STEWART.

Fellow Citizens-I have not the language to deal a sufficiently withering rebuke to those who instigated the violence at the former meeting. This regiment must be raised. Though I cannot go myself, I have money and it shall be poured out freely in this cause. I will give five dollars to every man who shall enlist in the first company mustered into this regiment. I will give four dollars a month during the war to twenty-five families where there are four children, and two dollars a month to twenty families where there are three children, the fathers of whom shall enlist in this regiment. [Cheers.] The aldermen, as supervisors, have done much to discourage enlistments by their disreputable manner in looking after the wants of volunteers' families, who had been compelled to beg about our streets for bread, and when they applied for provisions, the answer was, 'Oh! your husband was a drunken fellow!' Gentlemen aldermen, you have nothing to do with what difference it makes if the husband was a shiftless vagabond. I have more respect for a drunken patriot than an unpatriotic alderman. [Cheers.]

SPEECH OF HON. JAMES F. JOY.

That our city is

Fellow Citizens-I am proud that I am a citizen of Detroit. loyal to the core, this meeting proves. The Constitution is in peril. It is a war, not for tariff or free trade, or sailors' rights. Before me are men of every nation. It

depends on us whether this country shall fall and be a shame in the eyes of the world. If not, we must fight. There was a time when the Roman Republic was invaded by Hannibal. Many of the provinces revolted and joined him. The Roman armies were almost totally destroyed. They raised another army, and yet another, and won. Let us emulate their example. [A voice-Will you go?'] They will not have me, but I will furnish twenty substitutes. [Cheers.] What I have is at the service of my country, if it takes every dollar. [Applause.]

Hon. C. I. Walker and others made brief, patriotic speeches, and great enthusiasm was manifested throughout the meeting. It was a great success, and if any secession scoundrels were present they wisely, for themselves, concealed the fact. The meeting was not only productive of putting a full regiment into the field in a brief period, but it stimulated enlistments throughout the State, as its details made known what efforts were made here on the Nation's border in response to the President's call for troops.

THE WAR MEETING.

Heretofore, the war meeting had been little known. Regiments in the field had been raised without excitement. Soldiers had enlisted at some recruiting office, or with some officer who appeared in town or village and quietly solicted recruits. Those who had entered the service, up to this period, seemed to have been but the surplus population, and affairs moved on in the North much as though no war existed. But this urgent call of the President for so large a number of men forthwith changed the whole order of recruiting. It was like a second Holy Land crusade, and every community was stirred to its depths. The great struggle for national life had apparently but just begun. Heroic bugle calls and war drum-beats more than ever sounded the alarm notes for a general uprising of the Nation's

reserves.

And so the war meeting became a new feature and was a solemn affair. It brought deep reflection to every mind. It disarranged completely the future plans of many. It was usually held in some hall, church or schoolhouse; frequently in open air. Appeals of orators called for volunteers - not to vote for some political candidate or consider the questions of a life beyond the grave, but to hazard their lives for their country's salvation. Should we submit to national disintegration, or fight? Should we allow traitors to insult our flag and destroy the country upon the election of a President in the usual constitutional way, or fight? Must cheeks of Americans, at

home and abroad, tinge with shame and reproach at the conduct of traitors, or shall we fight?

Solemn reflections burdened every countenance, emphasized by the fact that the early romance of the war had passed away. Battle lists of killed and wounded appeared in almost every paper. Coffined remains of soldier-dead were borne home,-evidence of the stern reality of a fearful war. To enlist now might mean a bloody shroud, an ebbing away of life's current in old fields and ravines in the far South, as well as pillows of sorrow at home. It meant silvered heads bowed in their last grief, and the bride of a month wearing the widow's weeds. Wonder not, then at the wife's pale cheek as she notes the flushed face of her husband. She plainly reads his resolve ere he signs the enlistment roll. Yonder mother, with quivering lip, observes her youthful boy's attention to the recital of his Nation's wrongs, and pales as he acts upon the impulse to fight his country's battles, while the aged father buries his grief in thoughtful silence.

"The time has come when brothers must fight,

And sisters must pray at home."

WAR MEETINGS IN WAYNE COUNTY.

And so, for a brief period after the great war meeting on the Campus Martius, the war excitement in Wayne county exceeded anything in the annals of Michigan. Fife and drum were heard on every street, and war meetings were of daily and nightly occurrence, for recruiting the Twenty-fourth Michigan. Captain Cullen enlisted nearly his entire company the first Sunday. Factories, shipyards and foundries were closed, threshing machines stopped, grain left uncut in the field. Recruits went from farm to farm, gathering additions in each neighborhood. One Canton farmer whose boys had enlisted, said: "Why, boys, are you going to leave me in the midst of my threshing?" One of them replied: "But, father, Uncle Sam has a bigger job of threshing to do." Contractors would leave workmen. upon a building in the morning, but upon returning to note the progress of their labor, would hear the sound of neither hammer nor saw. A neighbor would inform him that his men might be found enlisted over yonder, in Colonel Morrow's regiment, as they had all gone there with a recruiting officer.

Colonel Morrow announced war meetings in various parts of Detroit and Wayne county, which were addressed by himself and some of the following speakers: Mark Flanigan, Lieutenant-Governor