EDUCATION AND INTELLIGENCE.

In comparing the Free and Slave States, with reference to their educational facilities and intellectual advancement, the vast superiority of the former is strikingly apparent. To use an expression frequently heard in the northern portion of the Union, "the South only produces niggers and cotton." Schools certainly exist there, but the instruction afforded is of the most meagre description, and the colleges are so mediocre, that the well-to-do Southern community send their children to the North to be educated. Grievous are the complaints made by Southern statesmen in consequence; for the young men return home with consciences unsettled as to the sound policy and the justice of Slave-holding. The school-books used throughout the Union are nearly all of Free State origin, and the alternative is presented of no education or education antagonistic to the "peculiar institution.” One of the leading journals of Virginia has lately bemoaned this fact in the following words :

"It is the insinuations, nay, assertions of the moral wrong of Slavery which our youths read in these Northern school-books, which give an early bias to their impressions-impressions upon which they do not reason; and

the result is, that when they come to their second childhood, in their last wills and testaments, they liberate their Slaves, and fill the country with a miserable herd of free negroes.' -Richmond Enquirer.

The men of literature, science, and the arts belong to the North. Bancroft, Prescott, Irving, Bryant, Halleck, Whittier, Longfellow, Willis, Cooper, are all Northern men, and Story and Kent, amongst lawwriters, belong to the same section.

The Crisis of the South furnishes us with the following statement as to the proportion of white adults over twenty years of age who cannot read and write. The figures are given on the authority of the census returns of the United States::

In comparing these two results, it must be remembered that Southern ignorance is native, the Northern, imported. The vast stream of European emigration avoids the Slave districts, seeking the free prairie lands of the west. Ohio, and more especially Indiana and Illinois, receive the major portion of the emigrants, and this accounts for their proportion being so much lower than the other northern States.

The educational returns for 1858-59 are not quite complete. We find by the American Almanac, that there are now existing in the Free States upwards of 87,000 public schools, involving an annual expense of 16,545,288 dols. In the South, the schools do not reach 15,000 in number, and the yearly amount expended upon them is less than two and a quarter millions of dollars.