with certainty. However, Dionysiophanes, an Ephesian, is commonly reported to have buried Mardonius. Thus, then, he was buried. 85. But the Greeks, when they had divided the booty at Platæa, buried their own dead, each nation separately. The Lacedæmonians made three graves; there, then, they buried the young officers,9 amongst whom were Posidonius, Amompharetus, Phylocion, and Callicrates; accordingingly in one of the graves the young officers were laid; in another, the rest of the Spartans; and in the third, the helots: thus they buried their dead. The Tegeans buried all theirs together, in a separate spot; and the Athenians, theirs in one place; as also did the Megareans and Phliasians, those that had been destroyed by the cavalry. Of all these, therefore, the sepulchres were full. But of all the others whose sepulchres are seen in Platea, they, as I am informed, being ashamed of their absence from the battle, severally threw up empty mounds, for the sake of future generations. For instance, there is a sepulchre there called that of the Æginetans, which, I hear, Cleades, son of Autodicus, a Platean, who was their friend, threw up ten years after these events, at the request of the Eginetans.

86. When the Greeks had buried their dead in Platea, they immediately determined, on consultation, to march against Thebes, and to demand the surrender of those who had sided with the Medes, and amongst the first of them Timegenides and Attaginus, who were the chief leaders, and if they should not give them up, they resolved not to depart from the city before they had taken it. When they had determined on this, they thereupon, in the eleventh day after the engagement, arrived and besieged the Thebans, requiring them to give up the men. And when the Thebans refused to give them up, they both ravaged their country, and attacked the walls. 87. As they did not cease damaging them, on the twentieth day Timegenides spoke thus to the Thebans: "Men of Thebes, since the Greeks have so resolved that they will not give over besieging us until either they have taken Thebes, or you have delivered us up to them, let not the Boeotian territory suffer any more on our account. But if, being desirous of money,

9

''Ipéves were those who had attained their second year from boyhood, and now held a command. The MSS. read, ipéas," those who held sacred offices."

they demand us as a pretence, let us give them money from the public treasury; for we sided with the Mede by general consent, and not of ourselves alone. If, however, they carry on the siege really because they want us, we will present ourselves before them to plead our cause. He appeared to speak well and to the purpose; and the Thebans immediately sent a herald to Pausanias, expressing their willingness to surrender the men. 88. When they had agreed on these terms, Attaginus escaped from the city, and his sons, who were brought before him, Pausanias acquitted from the charge, saying that boys could have no part in the guilt of siding with the Mede. As to the others whom the Thebans delivered up, they thought that they should be admitted to plead their cause, and moreover trusted to repel the charge by bribery; but he, as soon as he had them in his power, suspecting this very thing, dismissed the whole army of the allies, and conducting the men to Corinth, put them to death. Such were the events at Platea and Thebes.

89. In the mean time Artabazus, son of Pharnaces, flying from Platea, was already at a considerable distance. And on his arrival amongst them, the Thessalians invited him to an entertainment, and asked him news of the rest of the army, knowing nothing of what had happened in Platea. But Artabazus, being aware that if he should tell the whole truth respecting the conflicts, both he and his army would be in danger of destruction, for he thought that every one would attack him, when informed of what had happened ;-considering this, he told nothing to the Phocians, and to the Thessalians he spoke as follows: "6 I, O men of Thessaly, as you see, am hastening my march to Thrace with the utmost expedition, and am using all possible diligence, having been sent on certain business with these forces from the army. Mardonius himself and his army may be expected following close on my heels. Entertain him also, and do him all the good offices you can; for you will never have cause to repent of doing so." Having said this, he marched his army with all speed through Thessaly and Macedonia direct towards Thrace, making all the haste he could, and cutting across by the inland road. At last he reached Byzantium, having left many of his men behind, partly cut off by the Thracians on the march, and partly having to contend with hunger and fatigue. From Byzan

tium he crossed over in boats. Thus, then, he returned to Asia.

90. On the same day on which the defeat at Platea occurred, another happened to take place at Mycale in Ionia. For while the Greeks were stationed at Delos, those who had gone there on ship-board with Leotychides the Lacedæmonian, there came to them as ambassadors from Samos, Lampon, son of Thrasycleus, Athenagoras, son of Archestratides, and Hegesistratus, son of Aristagoras, being sent by the Samians, unknown to the Persians and the tyrant Theomestor, son of Androdamas, whom the Persians had made tyrant of Samos. When they came to the generals, Hegesistratus used many and various arguments, and that "if only the Ionians should see them, they would revolt from the Persians, and that the barbarians would not withstand them; or if they should withstand them, the Greeks would not find any other such booty." Invoking, too, their common gods, he besought them to deliver Grecian men from servitude, and to repel the barbarian; and he said, "that this would be easy for them to do, for that their ships sailed badly, and were not fit to fight with them; and, if they suspected at all that they were leading them on deceitfully, they were themselves ready to go on board their ships as hostages." 91. As the Samian stranger was earnest in his entreaties, Leotychides, either wishing to hear for the sake of the presage, or by chance, the deity so directing it, asked: "O Samian friend, what is your name?" He answered: "Hegesistratus;" upon which he, interrupting the rest of his discourse, if Hegesistratus intended to add more, said: “I accept the Hegesistratus, my Samian friend; only do you take care that before you sail away, both you yourself and those who are with you, pledge your faith that the Samians will be zealous allies to us." 92. He at the same time said this, and added the deed. For the Samians immediately pledged their faith and made oath of confederacy with the Greeks: and having done this, the others sailed home, but he ordered Hegesistratus to sail with the fleet, regarding his name as an omen. The Greeks, therefore, having tarried that day, on the next sacrificed auspiciously, Deiphonus, son of Evenius, of Apollonia in the Ionian gulf, acting as diviner.

1 See B. VIII. chap. 131, 132.

2 Hegesistratus means, "leader of an army."

93. The following incident befel his father, Evenius. There are in this Apollonia sheep sacred to the sun, which by day feed near the river that flows from Mount Lacmon through the Apollonian territory into the sea, near the port of Oricus; but by night, chosen men, the most eminent of the citizens for wealth and birth, keep watch over them, each for a year: for the Apollonians set a high value upon these sheep, in consequence of some oracle. They are folded in a cavern at a distance from the city. There, then, on a time, Evenius, being chosen, kept watch, and one night when he had fallen asleep during his watch, wolves entered the cave, and destroyed about sixty of the sheep. He, when he discovered what had happened, kept silence, and mentioned it to no one, purposing to buy others, and put them in their place. This occurrence, however, did not escape the notice of the Apollonians; but as soon as they discovered it, having brought him to trial, they gave sentence that, for having fallen asleep during his watch, he should be deprived of sight. When they had blinded Evenius, from that time forward neither did their sheep bring forth, nor did the land yield its usual fruit. An admonition was given them at Dodona and Delphi, when they inquired of the prophets the cause of the present calamities; they told them, "that they had unjustly deprived Evenius, the keeper of the sacred sheep, of his sight; for that they themselves had sent the wolves, and would not cease avenging him, until they should give such satisfaction for what they had done, as he himself should choose, and think sufficient: and when they had done this, the gods themselves would give such a present to Evenius, that most men would pronounce him happy, from possessing it." 94. This answer was delivered to them: and the Apollonians, having kept it secret, deputed some of their citizens to negotiate the matter; and they negotiated it for them in the following manner. When Evenius was seated on a bench, they went and sat down by him, and conversed on different subjects, till at length they began to commiserate his misfortune, and having in this way artfully led him on, they asked, "what reparation he would choose, if the Apollonians were willing to give him satisfaction for what they had done." He, not having heard of the oracle, made his choice, saying, "if any one would give him the lands of certain citizens,' naming those who he knew had the two best estates in Apol

lonia; "and besides these a house," which he knew was the handsomest in the city; "if put in possession of these," he said, "he would thenceforth forego his anger, and this reparation would content him." He accordingly spoke thus; and those who sat by him, immediately taking hold of his answer, said, "the Apollonians make you this reparation for the loss of your eyes, in obedience to an oracle they have received." He thereupon was very indignant, on hearing the whole truth, as having been deceived; but the Apollonians, having bought them from the owners, gave him what he chose; and immediately after this, he had the gift of divination implanted in him, so that he became celebrated.

95. Deiphonus, who was the son of this Evenius, the Corinthians having brought him, officiated as diviner to the army. Yet I have heard this also, that Deiphonus, having assumed the name of Evenius's son, let out his services for hire throughout Greece, though he was not really the son of Evenius. 96. When, therefore, the sacrifices were favourable to the Greeks, they got their ships under weigh from Delos for Samos: and when they were off Calami of the Ionian territory, having taken up their station there near the temple of Juno on that coast, they made ready for an engagement. But the Persians, being informed that they were sailing towards them, on their part also got the other ships under weigh for the continent, and permitted those of the Phoenicians to sail home. For on consultation, they determined not to come to an engagement by sea, because they thought they were not equal. They, therefore, sailed away to the continent, that they might be under the protection of their land-forces that were at Mycale, which by the order of Xerxes had been left behind by the rest of the army, and guarded Ionia; their number was sixty thousand; Tigranes commanded them, who surpassed the Persians in beauty and stature. Under the protection of this army the commanders of the navy resolved, having fled, to draw their ships on shore, and to throw up a rampart, as a defence for the ships, and a place of refuge for themselves. 97. Having taken this resolution, they got under weigh: and having passed by the temple of the Eumenides in Mycale, they came to the Gæson and Scolopois, where is a temple of Eleusinian Ceres, which Philistus, son of Pasicles, built, who accompanied Neleus, son of Codrus, for the purpose of found