Reports of the Royal College of Chemistry: And Researches Conducted in the Laboratories in the Years 1845-6-71849 - 269 pages |
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acetate action alcoholic solution alkalies ammonia ammonium amount analysis aniline baryta base benzoic acid benzole bichloride of platinum boiling bromine burnt C₁₂ caffeine Carbon Hydrogen carbonic acid carminate of lead cent chemical Chemistry chemists chloride chromate of lead cochineal colouring matter colourless compound containing cooling corresponding crystals cumarine cumidine cumol cyaniline cyanogen cymol decomposed decomposition deposited Determination dissolved distillation dried at 100 equiv ether experiments filtered filtrate fluid following numbers following per centage formed formula heat hydrochloric acid Hydrogen hydrosulphuric acid insoluble iodaniline iodine Liebig's liquid magnesia Mean melaniline naphtha nitric acid nitrococcusic acid nitrogen Nitrotoluylate numbers obtained organic oxalate oxalic acid oxide Oxygen phosphate phosphoric acid platinum-salt potassa potassium precipitate protoxide of copper residue salt sesquioxide sesquioxide of iron silicic acid silver-salt small quantity soda soluble substance gave sulphate sulphuric acid temperature Theory toluidine vacuo volatile Water employed yellow دو دو وو دو
Popular passages
Page xl - What a curious and interesting subject for contemplation ! In the remains of an extinct animal world, England is to find the means of increasing her wealth in agricultural produce, as she has already found the great support of her manufacturing industry in fossil fuel, — the preserved matter of primeval forests, — the remains of a vegetable world.
Page xx - ... are but sparingly scattered over the earth. Those states which take no active part in the general industrial movement, in the choice and preparation of natural substances, or in the application of mechanics and chemistry, and among whom this activity is not appreciated by all classes of society, will infallibly see their prosperity diminish, in proportion as neighbouring countries become strengthened, and invigorated under the genial influence of arts and sciences. As in nobler spheres of thought...
Page lxi - Now if we take 20 equivalents of carbon, 11 equivalents of hydrogen, 1 equivalent of nitrogen, and 2 equivalents of oxygen, as the composition of quinine, it will be obvious that naphthalidine, differing only by the elements of two equivalents of water, might pass into the former alkaloid simply by an assumption of water. We cannot, of course, expect to induce the water to enter merely by placing it in contact, but a happy experiment may attain this end by the discovery of an appropriate metamorphic...
Page xli - ... these influences, the intimate knowledge of which affords to the physician the simplest, safest, and most efficient means of preserving health and of curing disease. Valuable as have been the fruits of chemical inquiry, still more may be expected from the further prosecution of this study. The notion that the action of most of our medicines is chemical, is daily growing into a general conviction. We admit that with every change wrought by pharmaceutical agents in the state of our organism, there...
Page xlii - Chinchona bark, or of tea and coffee, exert upon the living body, but we are perfectly in the dark as to the way in which they act upon the animal economy. But if we meet with a series of similar substances in several animal fluids, eg, urea and creatine almost constantly present in urine, glycocoll generally, and cystine occasionally, excreted in the same liquid, and if we find that all these substances exhibit in their chemical relations a close analogy with quinine and theine, we begin to feel...
Page xxxv - Years, however, elapsed before correct views of the nature of these gases were established by experiment. In 1739, coal was for the first time subjected to distillation by Dr. Clayton, Dean of Kildare, •who thus succeeded in imitating artificially the formation of native gas. From this moment the subject was never lost sight of, but it was not till the end of the last century that the intellectual impulse of that memorable period overcame the difficulties opposed to the practical application of...
Page 229 - It has been perhaps the tedium of the methods necessary to effect a separation of mixed hydrocarbons from each other, which has deterred experienced chemists from devoting their time to disentangling the oils here treated of: and perhaps to have conducted the innumerable distillations necessary for this purpose in a laboratory imperfectly furnished with gas and other conveniences, would have been a task too laborious to have been persisted in.
Page xlii - Medicine some years ago found itself in a predicament very similar to that of agriculture at the same period ; its resources appeared to be in a state of exhaustion ; the rich capital of facts accumulated in the department of organic morphology by the industry of the anatomist, and by the acumen of the physiologist, could not yield its full fruits until an equivalent of knowledge had been drawn from the study of bio-chemical phenomena. This state of things, however, is rapidly changing ; associated...
Page 71 - ... which does not, however, precipitate it from its alcoholic solution if free from nitrogenous matter. It is soluble without decomposition in concentrated hydrochloric and sulphuric acids. It is decomposed by chlorine, iodine, and bromine, which change its colour to yellow, and the latter on warming or by standing gives a yellow precipitate soluble in alcohol. Nitric acid decomposes it even if highly diluted : I shall have occasion to refer to this decomposition presently. It bears a temperature...