Egyptian Phyles in the Old Kingdom: The Evolution of a System of Social OrganizationGroups of part-time workers called phyles served in mortuary cults and work crews during the Old Kingdom in Egypt. This study clarifies their attributes and functioning in these and other institutions, based on the integration of textual and archaeological evidence from the Old Kingdom and the Archaic period preceding it. The arguments suggest that phyles originated in an upper Egyptian social organization dated to the predynastic period, and that they played a more important role than is generally realized in the stability of the early Egyptian state. |
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Page xxi
Firth , C . and Quibell , J . E . The Step Pyramid . 2 vols . Cairo , 1935 . Fischer , H
. G . Dendera in the Third Millennium B . C . New York , 1968 . - “ Five Inscriptions
of the Old Kingdom , ” ZÄS 105 ( 1978 ) : 42 – 59 . Fraser , G . " The Early ...
Firth , C . and Quibell , J . E . The Step Pyramid . 2 vols . Cairo , 1935 . Fischer , H
. G . Dendera in the Third Millennium B . C . New York , 1968 . - “ Five Inscriptions
of the Old Kingdom , ” ZÄS 105 ( 1978 ) : 42 – 59 . Fraser , G . " The Early ...
Page 181
Lacau and Lauer postulated that the ink markings on the vessels from the Step
Pyramid complex were meant to indicate either the origin or the destination of a
lot of vessels , of which the vessel marked was the topmost or otherwise the most
...
Lacau and Lauer postulated that the ink markings on the vessels from the Step
Pyramid complex were meant to indicate either the origin or the destination of a
lot of vessels , of which the vessel marked was the topmost or otherwise the most
...
Page 229
... 215 – 16 Upper Egyptian , 207 , 215 cloth as offerings in private cult , 107 from
Gebelein , 187 in circumcision ceremonies , 65 , 72 in papyri of Neferefre , 79 ,
187 in papyri of Neferirkare , 83 in Step Pyramid inventory texts , 187 indicated by
...
... 215 – 16 Upper Egyptian , 207 , 215 cloth as offerings in private cult , 107 from
Gebelein , 187 in circumcision ceremonies , 65 , 72 in papyri of Neferefre , 79 ,
187 in papyri of Neferirkare , 83 in Step Pyramid inventory texts , 187 indicated by
...
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Abu Sir Abydos appear Archaic period associated attested blocks boat building Cairo Category Chapter circumcision cited clear clearly column complex connection contains context crews cult determinative discussed division Dynasty early Edel Egypt Egyptian evidence examples fact Fifth figure five followed four Fourth gang given gives Giza Helck Ibid identified indicate inscriptions institutions interpretation jmj-wrt Kaplony king known label Lacau and Lauer later listed Location London marks mastaba mentioned mortuary temple nautical term Neferirkare occur Old Kingdom organization origin papyri parallel perhaps period Petrie phyle name phyle system Posener-Kriéger possible priests probably Pyramid recorded references reign rotation royal Saqqara scene seems served shows side similar simply single spells standards Step Pyramid storerooms strokes suggested tablets texts tomb vols w3dt wr phyle writing written