Egyptian Phyles in the Old Kingdom: The Evolution of a System of Social OrganizationGroups of part-time workers called phyles served in mortuary cults and work crews during the Old Kingdom in Egypt. This study clarifies their attributes and functioning in these and other institutions, based on the integration of textual and archaeological evidence from the Old Kingdom and the Archaic period preceding it. The arguments suggest that phyles originated in an upper Egyptian social organization dated to the predynastic period, and that they played a more important role than is generally realized in the stability of the early Egyptian state. |
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Page 83
31 It is perhaps significant that the disappearance of w ' b as a title in decorated
tombs is followed closely by the appearance of hntj - š in the same environment ;
however , though both offices may have been filled by men of approximately the ...
31 It is perhaps significant that the disappearance of w ' b as a title in decorated
tombs is followed closely by the appearance of hntj - š in the same environment ;
however , though both offices may have been filled by men of approximately the ...
Page 151
The sign below it , if correctly drawn , is probably hnt , perhaps with the 3 missing
. If the copy is bad , it could perhaps be interpreted as a phyle sign . The example
may not even refer to phyles , however . ( C : 6 ) . 30 This green schist bowl ...
The sign below it , if correctly drawn , is probably hnt , perhaps with the 3 missing
. If the copy is bad , it could perhaps be interpreted as a phyle sign . The example
may not even refer to phyles , however . ( C : 6 ) . 30 This green schist bowl ...
Page 180
written more crudely and perhaps at a different time than the remainder of the text
. ( This is also the case in E : 1 and perhaps also E : 2 . ) The categories differ in
that the texts in Category I are written in ink rather than incised , and they ...
written more crudely and perhaps at a different time than the remainder of the text
. ( This is also the case in E : 1 and perhaps also E : 2 . ) The categories differ in
that the texts in Category I are written in ink rather than incised , and they ...
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Abu Sir Abydos appear Archaic period associated attested blocks boat building Cairo Category Chapter circumcision cited clear clearly column complex connection contains context crews cult determinative discussed division Dynasty early Edel Egypt Egyptian evidence examples fact Fifth figure five followed four Fourth gang given gives Giza Helck Ibid identified indicate inscriptions institutions interpretation jmj-wrt Kaplony king known label Lacau and Lauer later listed Location London marks mastaba mentioned mortuary temple nautical term Neferirkare occur Old Kingdom organization origin papyri parallel perhaps period Petrie phyle name phyle system Posener-Kriéger possible priests probably Pyramid recorded references reign rotation royal Saqqara scene seems served shows side similar simply single spells standards Step Pyramid storerooms strokes suggested tablets texts tomb vols w3dt wr phyle writing written