Egyptian Phyles in the Old Kingdom: The Evolution of a System of Social OrganizationOriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1991 - 243 pages Groups of part-time workers called phyles served in mortuary cults and work crews during the Old Kingdom in Egypt. This study clarifies their attributes and functioning in these and other institutions, based on the integration of textual and archaeological evidence from the Old Kingdom and the Archaic period preceding it. The arguments suggest that phyles originated in an upper Egyptian social organization dated to the predynastic period, and that they played a more important role than is generally realized in the stability of the early Egyptian state. |
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Page 53
... spells in which these terms are used , almost 20 percent . Half of these copies contain two or more such spells . In the great majority of these spells , only the first two names occur : jmj - wrt and t3 - wr . In a few , the other two ...
... spells in which these terms are used , almost 20 percent . Half of these copies contain two or more such spells . In the great majority of these spells , only the first two names occur : jmj - wrt and t3 - wr . In a few , the other two ...
Page 55
... spells containing only jmj - wrt and t3 - wr . These spells are of two basic types : the spells marked with an asterisk associate one term with heaven and the other with earth ( spell 469 , in which both terms are associated with heaven ...
... spells containing only jmj - wrt and t3 - wr . These spells are of two basic types : the spells marked with an asterisk associate one term with heaven and the other with earth ( spell 469 , in which both terms are associated with heaven ...
Page 56
... spells , the sign ' 3 and the divine determinative follow the terms , and the plural strokes and the writing of the term t3 - wr with a single sign are frequent . The flat - land sign is never used in writing this term in these spells .
... spells , the sign ' 3 and the divine determinative follow the terms , and the plural strokes and the writing of the term t3 - wr with a single sign are frequent . The flat - land sign is never used in writing this term in these spells .
Contents
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
THE NAMES OF THE PHYLES | 9 |
PHYLES AND SHIPS WATCHES | 41 |
Copyright | |
8 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
Abu Sir Abydos appear Archaic period associated attested blocks boat building Cairo Category Chapter circumcision cited clear clearly column complex connection contains context crews cult determinative discussed division Dynasty early Edel Egypt Egyptian evidence examples fact Fifth figure five followed four Fourth gang given gives Giza Helck Ibid identified indicate inscriptions institutions interpretation jmj-wrt Kaplony king known label Lacau and Lauer later listed Location London marks mastaba mentioned mortuary temple nautical term Neferirkare occur Old Kingdom organization origin papyri parallel perhaps period Petrie phyle name phyle system Posener-Kriéger possible priests probably Pyramid recorded references reign rotation royal Saqqara scene seems served shows side similar simply single spells standards Step Pyramid storerooms strokes suggested tablets texts tomb vols w3dt wr phyle writing written