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-nỏ, move, når, nôt;-tåbe, tåb, båll;-öll;-pound;-thin, THIS.

ing sacred, state of being consecrated to religious uses, holiness, sanctity.

SACRIFICK, så-krif'fik. a. 509. Employed in sacrifice.

SACRIFICABLE, sâ-krif'è-kâ-bl. a. Capable of
being offered in sacrifice.

SACRIFICATOR, såk-krè-fè-kå'tår. s. Sacrifi-
cer, offerer of sacrifice.
SACRIFICATORY, sâk-krif'fè-kå-tår-è. a. 512.
Offering sacrifice."

To SACRIFICE, såk'krè-fize. v. a. 351. To
offer to Heaven, to immolate; to destroy or
give up for the sake of something else; to de-
stroy, to kill; to devote with loss.
To SACRIFICE, sâk'kré-fize. v. n. To make
offerings, to offer sacrifice.
SACRIFICE, såk'kré-fize. s. 351. The act of
offering to Heaven; the thing offered to Hea-
ven, or immolated; any thing destroyed or
quitted for the sake of something else; any
thing destroyed. 142.

To SAG, såg. v. n. To hang heavy. Not in uses
SAGACIOUS, så-ga'shus. a. Quick of scent
quick of thought, acute in making discoveries
SAGACIOUSLY, så-ga'shus-lè. ad. With quick
scent; with acuteness of penetration.
SAGACIOUSNESS, så-gå'shus-nês. s. The
quality of being sagacious.
SAGACITY, så-gâs'se-tè. s. Quickness of scent;
acuteness of discovery.
SAGE, sadje. s.
A plant.
SAGE, sadje. a. Wise, grave, prudent.
SAGE, sadje. s.
ty and wisdom.

:

A philosopher, a man of gravi.

SAGELY, sadje lè. ad. Wisely, prudently.
SAGENESS, sadje'nês. s. Gravity, prudence.
SAGITTAL, såd jè-tâl. a. Belonging to an ar
row in Anatomy, a suture so called from its
resemblance to an arrow.
SAGITTARY, såd'jè-tâ-rẻ. s. A centaur, an ani.
mal half man half horse, armed with a bow
and quiver. Sagittarius, one of the signs of the
Zodiack.

SACRIFICER, sák krẻ-fi-zůr. s. 98. One who
offers sacrifice, one that immolates.
SACRIFICIAL, sak-krè-fish'al. a. Peforming
sacrifice, included in sacrifice.
SACRILEGE, såk'kre-lidje. s. The crime of ap-
propriating to himself what is devoted to reli-
gion; the crime of robbing Heaven.-See SA-SAIK,

CRAMENT.

SACRILEGIOUS, sâk-krẻ-lè'jus. a. Violating
things sacred, polluted with the crime of sacrilege.
SACRILEGIOUSLY, sâk-kré-lè'jàs-lè. ad. With ||
sacrilege.

SACRING, så kring. part. 410. Consecrating.
SACRIST, så krist.

SACRISTAN, sak ris-tân. } s. He that has

the care of the utensils or moveables of the church.-See SACRAMENT.

SACRISTY, sâk'kris-tè. s. An apartment where the consecrated vessels or moveables of a church are deposited.

SAD, såd. a. Sorrowful, habitually melancholy; afflictive, calamitous; bad; inconvenient; vexatious; dark coloured.

To SADDEN, sad'd'n. v. a. 103. To make sad; to make melancholy, to make gloomy. SADDLE, sad'dl. s. 405. The seat which is put upon the horse for the accommodation of the rider.

SAGO, så gò. s. A farinaceous food brought
from the East-Indies in a granular form. it is
procured from a tree growing in those coun-
tries, by beating the woody part in water. The
fecula which subsides is sago. Artists' Marvel.
så'ik. s. A Turkish vessel proper for the
carriage of merchandize.

SAID, sed. 203, 222. Pret, and Part. pass. of
Say. Aforesaid; declared, showed.

This word, with paid, and laid, are a scandal to our orthography. It appeared so to Cooke, the translator of Hesiod, who spelled them re. gularly, sayed, payed, and layed. "Perseus is

sayed to have been sent by Pallas to slay Me"dusa," &c. page 156.

SAIL, såle. s. 202. The expanded sheet which
catches the wind and carries on the vessel
through the water; wings; a ship, a vessel.
Sail is a collective word, noting the number of
ships. To strike sail; to lower the sail: a pro-
verbial phrase for abating of pomp or supe
riority.
To SAIL, såle. v. n.
with sails; to pass
smoothly along.
To SAIL, såle, v. a.
to fly through.

To be moved by the wind
by sea; to swim; to pass

To pass by means of sails;

To SADDLE, såd dl. v. a. To cover with a sad-SAILER, så lår. s. 166. A seaman, one who dle; to load, to burden. SAILOR, practises or understands navigation.

SADDLEBACKED, såd'dl-bâkt. a. Horses sad-
dlebacked, have their backs low, and a raised
head and neck.
SADDLEMAKER, sâd'dl-må-kår. )

SADDLER, dia, de-ma-kar. }

S. One

whose trade is to make saddles. SADLY, sad lé. ad. Sorrowfully, mournfully; calamitously, miserably.

SADNESS, såd'nès. s. Sorrowfulness, dejection.
of mind; melancholy look.

SAFE, safe. a. Free from danger or hurt; con-
ferring security; no longer dangerous, repo-
sited out of the power of doing harm.
SAFE, safe. s. A buttery, a pantry.
SAFECONDUCT, safe-kindhkt. s. Convoy,
guard through an enemy's country; pass,
warrant to pass.

The first of these words is generally applied to the Ship, and the second to the Mariner. Whatever may be the reason for this distinction to the eye, the ear is quite insensible of it, and the Ship and the Man are both pronounced alike. See Principles, No. 416.

SAILYARD, såle yard. s. The pole on which
the sail is extended

SAINFOIN, sân'föln. s. A kind of herb.
SAINT, sånt. s. 202. A person eminent for pie-
ty and virtue.
To SAINT, sant. v. a. To number among saints
to reckon among saints by a publick decree, to
canonize.
To act with a show of
Holy, pious, virtuous.
SAINTLIKE, sånt like. a. Suiting a saint, be
coming a saint; resembling a saint.
SAINTLY, sant'lè. ad. Like a saint, becoming

To SAINT, sånt. v. n.
piety.

SAFEGUARD, såfe'gård. s. Defence, protec-SAINTED, sånt'èd. a.
tion, security; convoy, guard through any in-
terdicted road, granted by the possessor; pass,
warrant to pass.

SAFELY, safe le ad. In a safe manner, with-
out danger; without hurt.
SAFENESS, såfe'nês. s. Exemption from dan-
ger

SAFETY, såfe'tè. s-See NICETY. Freedom
from danger; exemption from hurt; custody,
security from escape.

SAFFRON, såffarn. s. 417. A plant. SAFFRON, &ffårn. a. Yellow, having the colour of saffron.

a saint.

SAINTSHIP, sånt'ship. s. The character or qualities of a saint.

SAKE, sake. s. Final cause, end, purpose; ac count, regard to any person or thing SAKERET, såker-it. s. 99. The male of a saker

hawk.

SAL, så. s. Salt. A word often used in Phar

macy.

SALACIOUS. s-1'shus. a. Lustful, lecherous

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559.-Fåte, får, fåll, fåt ;-mè, mět ;-plue, pin ;SALACIOUSLY, sâ-là'shûs-lè. ad. Lecherously,

lustfully.

SALACITY, så-lås'sè-tè. s. Lust, lechery.
SALAD, sallad. s. Food of raw herbs.

This word is often pronounced as if written sallet; the true pronunciation is, however, more in use and less pedantick than that of Asparagus and Cucumber would be. SALAMANDER, sål'â-mân-dår. s. An animal supposed to live in the fire. SALAMANDRINE, sål-lå-mán'drîn. Resembling a salamander.

a.

140.

SALARY, sal lâ-rè. s. See GRANARY. Stated hire, annual or periodical payment. SALE, såle. s. The act of selling; vent, power of selling, market; a publick and proclaimed exposition of goods to the market, auction; state of being venal, price.

i long, and place the accent on it; and thus we are obliged to do the same in this word under pain of appearing illiterate. This penalty, however, Dr. Ash and Mr. Perry have incurred, by placing the accent on the first syllable; but Dr Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Barclay, Fenning, and Entick, follow the learned majority, though evidently wrong. SALLET, sål lit. 99.

SALLETING, sål'lit-ing. s. Corrupted from

salad.

SALLIANCE, sålle-ânse. s. 113. The act of issuing forth, sally.

SALLOW, sål'lò. s. 327. A tree of the genus of willow.

SALLOW, sálló. a. Sickly, yellow. SALLOWNESS, sål'lò-nès. s. Yellowness, sickness, paleness.

SALEABLE, så lå-bl. a. 405. Vendible, fit for||SALLY, sål'lè. s. Eruption; issue from a place

sale, marketable.

SALEABLENESS, så lå-bl-nês. s. The state of being saleable.

SALEABLY, så lå-blè. ad. In a saleable manner. SALEBROUS, sål'è-brås. a. Rough, uneven, rugged.

SALESMAN, salz'mân. s. 88. One who sells clothes ready made.

SALEWORK, såle wark. s. Work for sale, work carelessly done.

SALIENT, så'lè-ẻnt. a. 113. Leaping, bounding; beating, panting; springing or shooting with a quick motion.

SALINE, så-line', or så'lne. a. Consisting of salt.

IF As this word is derived from the Latin salinus by dropping a syllable, the accent ought, according to the general rule of formation, 503, to remove to the first. This accentuation, however, is adopted only by Dr. Johnson, Buchanan, and Bailey; as Sheridan, Kenrick, Ash, Nares, W. Johnston, Scott, Perry, Barclay, Fenning, Entick, and Smith, accent the second syllable.

SALINOUS, så-ll'nås. a. Consisting of salt, constituting salt.

Dr. Johnson, in his folio Dictionary, accents this word on the first syllable, in which he is followed by his publishers in the quarto: but as this word may be easily derived from the Latin word salinus, and with the same number of syllables, it ought to be accented on the second. 503, e.

SALIVA, så-ll'vå. s. 503, b. Every thing that is spit up, but it more strictly signifies that juice which is separated by the glands called salival.

As this word is a perfect Latin word, all our Dictionaries very properly accent it on the second syllable. 503. But salival, which is a formative of our own, has no such title to the penultimate accent: this pronunciation, however, is adopted by Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Scott, Barclay, Fenning, Entick, and Johnson's quarto; but Mr. Perry and Dr. Johnson's folio place the accent on the first syllable, and, in my opinion, more correctly. SALIVAL, sål'è-vål, or så-ll'vål.

SALIVARY, sál'è-vá-re }

to spittle. See SALIVA.

a.

Relating

To SALIVATE, sâl'lè-våte. v. a. To purge by the salival glands.

SALIVATION, sâl-lè-va'shân. s. A method of cure much practised in venereal cases. SALIVOUS, så-ll'vus, or sâl'é-vås. a. Consisting of spittle, having the nature of spittle.-See Principles, No. 503, p.

I As this word has somewhat more of a Latin aspect than salival, and is probably derived from salivosus, the learnedly polite, or the politely learned, snatch at the shadow of Latin quantity to distinguish themselves from mere English speakers. Hence in all the words of this termination they preserve the penultimate]

besieged, quick egress; range, excursion; slight, volatile or sprightly exertion; levity, extravagant flight, frolick.

SALLYPORT, sal'lè-port. s. Gate at which sallies are made.

SALMAGUNDI, sål-må-gån'dè. s. A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herrings, with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions.

SALMON, såm'mån. s. 401. A valuable fish, which is bred in fresh water, but passes most of the year in the sea.

SALMONTROUT, sâm-mån-trout. s. A trout that has some resemblance to a salmon, a samlet.

SALSOACID, sål-so-âs'sid. a. 84. Having a taste compounded of saltness and sourness. SALSUGINOUS, sål-så'jè-nds. a. Saltish, some

what salt.

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SALT, sålt. a. Having the taste of salt, as, salt fish; impregnated with salt; abounding with salt; lecherous, salacious.

s. Pit where salt

To SALT, sålt. v. a. To season with salt. SALT-PAN, sålt pån. SALT-PIT, sålt'pit. is got. SALTATION, sål-tà ́shûn. s. 84 The act of dancing or jumping; beat, palpitation

As this word comes immediately from the Latin, and the t is carried off to commence the second syllable, the a has not the broad sound as in salt, but goes into the general sound of that letter; in the same manner as the u in fulminats, is not pronounced like the peculiar sound of that letter in full, but like the u in dull. 177. SALTCAT, salt'kåt. s. A lump of salt. SALTCELLAR, salt'sêl-lår. s. 88. Vessel of salt set on the table.

SALTER, sålt år. s. 93. One who salts; one who sells salt. SALTERN, såltern. s. SALTISH, salt'ish. a. SALTLESS, salt'lês. a. salt.

A salt-work. Somewhat salt. Insipid, not tasting e

SALTLY, såtle. ad. With taste of salt, in a salt manner.

SALTNESS, sålt'nës. s. Taste of salt. SALTPETRE, sålt-pèè'tår. s. 416. Nitre. SALVABILITY, sål-vå-bil'è-tè. s. Possibday of being received to everlasting life. SALVABLE, sål vå-bl. a. 405. Possible to be saved.

SALVAGE, sål'vidje. s. 90. A recompence lowed to those who have assisted in sava goods or merchandize from a wreck. SALVATION, sâl-va'shan. s. Preservation fre eternal death, reception to the happiness heaven.

SALVATORY, sál'vå-tur-è. s. 512. A place where any thing is preserved.

-nó, mỏve, nor, nôt ;-tube, tåb, bâll;-Uil ;-pỏùnd ;-thin, THIS.

SALUBRIOUS, så-ló'bré-ds.
healthful, promoting health.
SALUBRITY, så-lù'bré-tè. s. Wholesomeness,
healthfulness.

SALVE, sålv. s. 78. An ointment or cerate
used in dressing wounds and hurts; an emplas-
ter; help, remedy.

a. Wholesome, To SANCTIFY, sångk'tè-fi. v. a. To free from
the power of sin for the time to come; to make
holy; to make a means of holiness; to make
free from guilt; to secure from violation.
SANCTIMONIOUS, sångk-te-mo'ne-ôs. a. Saint-
ly, having the appearance of sanctity.
SANCTIMONY, sångk'te-mo-nè. s. Holiness,
scrupulous austerity, appearance of holiness.
SANCTION, sângk'shan. s. 408. The act of
confirmation which gives to any thing its obli
gatory power, ratification; a law, a decrea
ratified.
SANCTITUDE, sângk'tè-túde. s. Holiness, good-
ness, saintliness.

Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word is originally and properly salf; which having salves in the plural, the singular, in time, was borrowed from it: sealf, Saxon, undoubtedly from salvus, Latin. There is some diversity among our orthoepists about the l in this word and its verb. Mr. Sheridan marks it to be pronounced; Mr. Smith, W. Johnston, and Barclay, make it mute; Mr. Scott and Perry give it both ways; and Mr. Nares says it is mute in the noun, but sounded in the verb. The mute is certainly countenanced in this word by calve and halve; but as they are very irregular, and are the only words where the lis silent in this situation, for valve, delve, solve, &c. have the pronounced;|| and as this word is of Latin original, the i ought certainly to be preserved in both words: for to have the same word sounded differently, to sig-|| nify different things; is a defect in language that ought as much as possible to be avoided.See Bowl and FAULT.

To SALVE, sålv. v. a. To cure with medica-
ments applied; to help, to remedy; to help or||
save by a salvo, an excuse, or reservation.
SALVER, sal'var. s. 98. A plate on which any
thing is presented.

SALVO, salvò. s. An exception, a reservation,|
an excuse.-See SALTATION.
SALUTARINESS, sâl lå-tâ-ré-nês. s. Wholesome-
ness, quality of contributing to health or safety.
SALUTARY, sálló-tá-rè. a. Wholesome, health-
ful, safe, advantageous, contributing to health||
or safety.

SALUTATION, sål-ld-th'shan. s. The act or
style of saluting, greeting.

To SALUTE, så-lute'. v. a. To greet, to hail; to kiss.
SALUTE, så-lote', s. Salutation, greeting; a kiss.
SALUTER, så-la'tår. s. 98. He who salutes.
SALUTIFEROUS, sál-lù-tif'fèr-ås. a. Healthy,
bringing health.

SAME, ame. a. Identical, being of the like
kind, sort, or degree; mentioned before.
SAMENESS, same nes. s. Identity.
SAMLET, såin'let. s. A little salmon.
SAMPHIRE, sâm'fir. s. 140. A plant preserved
in pickle.

SAMPLE, sâm'pl. s. 405. A specimen, a part of
the whole, shown that judgment may be made
of the whole.

SAMPLER, sâm'pl-år. s. 98. A pattern of work,|| a piece worked by young girls for improvement. SANABLE, sån'ná-bl. a. 535. Curable, susceptive of remedy, remediable.

SANCTITY, sångk'tè tè. s. Holiness, goodness,
godliness; saint, holy being.
To SANCTUARISE, sångk'tshu-â-rize. v. n. To
shelter by means of sacred privileges.
SANCTUARY, sångk'tshu-a-rè. s. 463. A holy
place, holy ground; a place of protection,
sacred asylum; shelter, protection.

SAND, sånd. s. Particles of stone not conjoined,
or stone broken to powder; barren country
covered with sands.

SANDAL, sân'dâl. s. 88. A loose shoe.
SANDBLIND, sånd'blind. a. Having a defect of
the eyes, by which small particles appear be
fore them.

SANDBOX, sånd boks. s. A plant,
SANDED, sån'ded a. Covered with sand, bar
ren; marked with small spots, variegated with
dusky specks.

SANDISH, sandish. a. Approaching to the na-
ture of sand, loose, not close, not compact.
SANDSTONE, sånd stone. s. Stone of a loose
and friable kind.

SANDY, sånd'è. a. Abounding with sand, ful
of sand; consisting of sand, unsolid.
SANE, såne. a. Sound, healthy.
SANG, sång. The pret. of Sing
SANGUIFEROUS, sång-gwif fèr-us. a. Convey
ing blood.

SANGUIFICATION, sång-gwè-fè-kå'shẳn. S.
The production of blood; the conversion of the
chyle into blood.

SANGUIFIER, sâng'gwè-fl-år. s. Producer of blood.

To SANGUIFY, sång'gwè-fl. v. n. 340. To pro duce blood.

SANGUINARY, sâng'gwè-nâ-rè, a. Cruel, bloody,

murderous.

SANGUINE, sing'gwin. a. 340. Red, having
the colour of blood; abounding with blood
more than any other humour, cheerful; warm,
ardent, confident.
SANGUÍNENESS, sâng'gwin-nes.
SANGUINITY, sàng-gwin è-tè.

cretion.

}

5. Ar.

dour, heat of expectation, confidence. SANGUINEOUS, sâng-gwin'è-as. a. Constituting blood; abounding with blood. Mr. Nares, Buchanan, and W. Johnston, SANHEDRIM, sân hè-drim. s. The chief counpronounce the a in the first syllable of this word cil among the Jews consisting of seventy elders, long; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and En- over whom the high-priest presided. tick, more properly, short. Buchanan only SANICLE, sân ́'^-kl. s. 405. A plant. makes the same a in sanative long; but Mr.SANIES, så'né-èz. s. Thin matter, serous exSheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, short. Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan are the only orthoepists from whom we can gather the sound of this vowel in insanable, which the latter marks long, and the former short as it ought to be, from the shortening power of the antepenultimate accent-See GRANARY. SANATION, sa-ná'shdu.s. The act of curing. SANATIVE, sân'nâ-tiv. a. 158. Powerful to cure, healing-See DONATIVE. SANATIVENESS,sån nå-tiv-nès s. Power to cure. SANCTIFICATION, sångk-te-fe-ká'shan. s. 408. The state of being freed, or act of freedom from the dominion of sin for the time to come; the act of m f making holy, consecration. SANCTIFIER, sángk te-fl-dr. s. He that sanc- SAPIDNESS, sapid-nes. tifies or makes bal er of stimulating the palate.

N

SANIOUS, så'nè-ås. a. 314. Running a thin se
rous matter, not a well-digested pus.
SANITY, sån'è tè. s Soundness of mind.
SANK, sångk. The pret. of Sink.
SANS, and prep. Without. Obsolete.
SAP, sip. s. The vital juice of plants, the junce
that circulates in trees and herbs.
To SAP, såp. v a. To undermine, to subvert by
digging, to mine.
To SAP, sap. v. n. To proceed by mine, to pro
ceed invisibly.
SAPID, såp id a. 511. Tasteful, palatable, mak-
ing a powerful stimulation upon the palate.
SAPIDITY, så-pid ê-tè.

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Tastefulness, pow

559.—Fåte, får, fàll, fât

SAPIENCE, så'pè-ênse. s. Wisdom, sageness, |
knowledge.

SAPIENT, sa pè-ênt. a. Wise, sage.
SAPLESS, sâp'lès. a. Wanting sap, wanting
vital juice; dry, old, husky.

SAPLING, sapling. s A young tree, a young
plant.

SAPONACEOUS, sâp-o-na'shus. 357.a. Soapy,

SAPONARY, såp'po-nâ-rè.

resembling soap, having the qualities of soap. SAPOR, så por. s. 166. Taste, power of affecting or stimulating the palate. SAPORIFICK, sâp-d-rif'fîk. a. 530. Having the power to produce tastes. SAPPHIRE, såf'fir. s. 140, 415. A precious stone of a blue colour; it is next in hardness to the diamond.-Mawe

SAPPHIRINE, såf fir-lne. a. 149. Made of sapphire, resembling sapphire.

SAPPINESS, såp'pè-nés. 8. The state or the quality of abounding in sap, succulence, juici

ness.

SAPPY, sâp'pè. a.

;—mê, mėt ;-pine, pin ;

Nares and Buchanan only adopt the second sound; and Mr. Elphinstone, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Entick, and, if we may judge by the posi tion of the accent, Dr. Ash and Bailey, the first. See The Key to the Classical Promacia tion of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names, SATANICAL, så-tân'nè-kâl. under the word.

SATANICK, så-tân'nik. 509. infernal.

}

a. Devilish

SATCHEL, sâtsh'il. s. 99. A little bag used by
schoolboys.

To SATE, såte. v. a. To satiate, to glut, to pall,
to feed beyond natural desires.
SATELLITE, sât'tèl-lite. s. 155. A small planet
revolving round a larger.

Pope has, by the licence of his art, accented the plural of this word upon the second sylla ble, and like the Latin plural, has given it four syllables:

"Or ask of yonder argent fields above, Abounding in sap, juicy," Why Jove's Sattellites are less than Jove."

Succulent; young, weak.
SARABAND, sâr'ra-bånd s. 524. A Spanish

dance.

SARCASM, sår'kâzm. 8. A keen reproach, a taunt, a gibe.

}

a.

Keen,

SARCASTICALLY, sår-kâs'tè-kâl è. ad. Tauntingly, severely. SARCASTICAL, sår-kâs'tè-kál. ? SARCASTICK, sår-kâs'tik. 509. Š taunting, severe. SARCENET, sårse'net. s. Fine thin woven silk. SARCOMA, sår-ko'mnâ. s. 92. A fleshy excrescence or lump, growing in any part of the body, especially the nostrils.

SARCOPHAGUS, sár-kor få-gås. a. 518. Flesheating, feeding on flesh. Hence a tomb, when the human flesh is consumed and eaten away by time, is called a Sarcophagus. SARCOPHAGY, sår-kôî'fá-jè. s. 518. The practice of eating flesh.

SARCOTICK, sår-kôt'tik. s. 509. Medicines which fill up ulcers with new flesh. the same as incarnatives.

SARDEL, sår'del.

SARDINÉ, sår'dlu. 140.

}

}

S.

SARDIUS, sår'dé-ds, or sår ́jè-ås. 293, 294. A sort of precious stone. SARDONYX, sår'dd-niks. s A precious stone. SARSA, sår'så. s. A root SARSAPARILLA, sår-så-på-ril'lâ. brought from the West-Indies. It consists of a great number of long strings hanging from one head. They are of a blackish colour outside, and white within, and have a glutinous bitterish taste and no smell.-Dispen.

SASH, sásh. s. A belt worn by way of distinction, a silken band worn by officers in the army; a window so formed as to be let up and down by pullies.

SASSAFRAS, sås'sâ-frâs. s. A tree, one of the species of the cornelian cherry. A tree a native of North America. The wood, root and its bark are used in medicine. They have a fragrant smell and sweetish aromatick taste.Dispen.

SAT, sât. The pret. of Sit.

SATAN, så'tån, or såt tån. 9. The prince of hell, any wicked spirit.

This word is frequently pronounced as if written Sattan; but making the first syllable long is so agreeable to analogy that it ought to be indulged wherever custom will permit, and particularly in proper names. Cato, Plato, &c. have now universally the penultimate a long and slender; and no good reason can be given why the word in question should not join this class. if the short quantity of the a in the original be alleged, for an answer to this see Principles No. 644, and the word SATIRE. Mr.

Essay on Man This, however, is only pardonable in poetry, and, it may be added, in good poetry-See ANTIPODES and MILLIPEDES. SATELLITIOUS, sât-tễl-lish'ôs. a. Consisting of satellites.

To SATIATE, så'sh-åte. v. a. To satisfy, to fill; to glut, to pall; to gratify desire; to saturate, to impregnate with as much as can be contained or imbided.

SATIATE, så'shè-áte a. 91. satiety.

Glutted, full to

SATIETY, sâ-¡¡'è-tè. s. 460. Fulness beyond desire or pleasure, more than enough, state of being palled.

The sound of the second syllable of this ward has been grossly mistaken by the generality of speakers; nor is it much to be wondered at. Ti, with the accent on it, succeeded by a vowel, is a very uncommon predicament for an Eng lish syllable to be under; and therefore its not surprising that it has been almost universally confounded with an apparently similar, but really different assemblage of accent, vowds, and consonants. So accustomed is the ear to the aspirated sound of t, when followed by two vowels, that whenever these appear we are apt to annex the very same sound to that letter, without attending to an essential circumstance in this word, which distinguishes it from every other in the language. There is no English word of exactly the same form with satiety, and therefore it cannot, like most other words, be tried by its peers; but analogy, that grand resource of reason, will as clearly determine, is this case, as if the most positive evidence were produced.

In the first place, then, the sound commonly giv en to the second syllable of this word, which is that of the first of si-lence, as if written sa-si-e-y, is never found annexed to the same letters throughout the whole language. 7, when suc ceeded by two vowels, in every instance but the word in question, sounds exactly like sh; thus satiate, expatiate, &c. are pronounced as if wra ten su-she-ate, ex-pu-she-ate, &c. and not --** er-pa-se-ale, &c. and therefore if the must be aspirated in this word, it ought at least to asume that aspiration which is found among milar assemblages of letters, and instead sa-si-e-ty, it ought to be sounded sa-shi-e-ty this mode of pronunciation a greater parity might be pleaded; nor should we introduce i new aspiration to reproach our language with needless irregularity. But if we once cast 24 eye on those conditious, on which we give a aspirated sound to the dentals, 26, we shall fis both these methods of pronouncing this werd equally remote from analogy. In almost every

-nd, move, når, nôt ;-tùbe, tâb, båll ;-¿ì;-p¿ånd;-thin, THIS.

termination where the consonants, t, d, c, and| s, precede the vowels ea, ia, ie, io, &c. as in martial, soldier, suspicion, confusion, anxious, prescience,| &c. the accent is on the syllable immediately before these consonants, and they all assume the aspiration; but in Ægyptiacum, elephantiasis, hendiadis, society, anxiety, science, &c. the accent is immediately after these consonants, and t, d,| e, and x, are pronounced as free from aspiration as the same letters in tiar, diet, cion, Ixion, &c. the position of the accent makes the whole difference. But if analogy in our own language were silent, the uniform pronunciation of words from the learned languages, where these letters occur, would be sufficient to decide the dispute.] Thus in elephantiasis, Miltiades, satietas, &c. the antepenultimate syllable ti is always pronounced like the English noun tie; nor should we dream of giving ti the aspirated sound in these words, though there would be exactly the same reason for it, as in satiety: for, except in very few instances, as we pronounce Laun in the analogy of our own language, no reason can be given why we should pronounce the antepenultimate| syllable in satietas one way and that in satiety another.

I should have thought my time thrown away in so minute an investigation of the pronunciation of this word, if I had not found the best judges disagree about it. That Mr. Sheridan supposed it ought to be pronounced sa-si-e-ty, is evident from his giving this word as an instance of the various sounds of t, and telling us that here it sounds s. Mr. Garrick, whom I consulted on this word, told me, if there were any rules for pronunciation, I was certainly right in mine; but that he and his literary acquaintance pronounced in the other manner. Dr. Johnson likewise thought I was right, but that the greater number of speakers were against me; and Dr. Lowth told me, he was clearly of my opinion, but that he could get nobody to follow him. I was much flattered to find my sentiments confirmed by so great a judge, and much more flattered when I found my reasons were entirely new to him.

able to an English ear, the second seems to be that which is most favoured by the learned, because, say they, the first syllable in the Latin Satura is short. But if this reasoning were to hold good, we ought to pronounce the first syllable of silence, local, label, libel, locust, paper, and many others short, because silentium, localis, la bellum, libellus, locusta, papyrus, &c. have all the first syllable short in Latin. But to furnish the learned with an argument which perhaps may not immediately occur to them, it may be said that in the instances I have adduced, none of the Latin words have the initial syllable accented as well as short, which is the case with the word satyra: but it may be answered, if we were to follow the quantity of the Latin accented vowel, we must pronounce fœtid, mimick, frigid, squalid, comick, resin, credit, spirit, and lily, with the first vowel long, because it is the case in the Latin words fætidus, mimicus, frigidus, squalidus, comicus, resina, creditus, spiritus, and lilium. The only shadow of an argument therefore that remains is, that though we do not adopt the Latin quantity of the accented antepenultimate vowel when it is long, we do when it is short. For though we have many instances where an English word of two syllables has the first short, though derived from a Latin word where the two first syllables are long; as civil, legate, solemn, &c. from civilis, legatus, solemnis, &c. yet we have no instance in the language where a word of three syllables in Latin with the two first vowels short, becomes an English dissyllable with the first syllable long, except the vowel be u-See Principles, No. 507, 508, 509. Hence the shortness of the first syllables of platane, zephyr, atom, &c. from platanus, zephyrus, atomus, &c. which are short, not only from the custom of carrying the short sound we give te the Latin antepenultimate vowel, into the penultimate of the English word derived from it; but from the affectation of shortening the initial vowel, which this custom has introduced, in order to give our pronunciation a Latin air, and furnish us with an opportunity of showing our learning by appealing to Latin quantity; which, when applied to English, is so vague and uncertain, as to put us out of all fear of detection if we happen to be wrong. The absurd custom, therefore, of shortening our vowels, ought to be discountenanced as much as possible, since it is supported by such weak and desultory arguments; and our own analogy in this as well as in similar words, ought to be preferred to such a shadow of analogy to the quantity of the Latin language, as I have charitably afford. ed to those who are ignorant of it-See Prin ciples, No. 544.

But, notwithstanding the tide of opinion was some
years ago so much against me, I have since had
the pleasure of finding some of the most judi-
cious philologists on my side. Mr. Elphinstone,
Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, mark the word as
I have done; and Mr. Nares is of opinion it
ought to be so pronounced, though for a reason
very different from those I have produced,
namely, in order to keep it as distinct as may
be from the word society. While Mr. Fry frank-
ly owns, it is very difficult to determine the
proper pronunciation of this word.
Thus have I ventured to decide where "Doctors
disagree," and have been induced to spend so
much time on the correction of this word, as
the improper pronunciation of it does not, as
in most other cases, proceed from an evident
caprice of custom, as in busy and buru, or from
a desire of drawing nearer to the original lan-"
guage, but from an absolute mistake of the
principles on which we pronounce our own.
SATIN, såt tin. s. A soft, close, and shining silk.
SATIRE, så tår, såtår, så'tire, or sâtire. s. A
poem in which wickedness or folly are çen-
sured.

The first mode of pronouncing this word is adopted by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Smith. The short quantity of the first vowel is adopted by Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinstone, Buchanan, and Entick; but the quantity of the second syllable they have not marked-The third is adopted by Mr. Perry and Dr. Kenrick; and for the fourth we have Do authorities.

Though poets often bend the rhyme to their verse, when they cannot bring their verse to the rhyme; yet, where custom is equivocal, they certainly are of some weight. In this view we may look upon Pope's couplet in his Essay on Criticism:

Leave dang'rous truths to unsuccessful satires. "And flattery to fulsome dedicators." With respect to the quantity of the last syllable, though custom seems to have decided it in this word, it is not so certain in other words of a similar form. These we purpose to consider under the word UMPIRE, which sce.

SATIRICAL, så-tir ré-kál. }

SATIRICK, så-tiririk.

a Belonging to satire, employed in writing invective: censorious, severe in language. SATIRICALLY, sá-tir ré-kál-è. ad. With invective, with intention to censure or vilify. SATIRIST, sât år-ist. 8. One who writes satires See PATRONESS.

To SATIRISE, sât tår-ize. v. a. To censure as in

a satire.

But though the first mode of pronouncing this word is the most general, and the most agree-SATISFACTION, såt-tis-fák'shàn. 6. The act

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