-nỏ, môve, når, nôt;-tåbe, tüb, bûll ;-dil ;-påånd ;-thin, THIS.

dom used but in adverbial phrases, a-shipboard,| on-shipboard, in a ship; the plank of a ship. SHIPBOY, ship'boè. s. Boy that serves in a ship. SHIPMAN, ship'mân. s. 88. Sailor, seaman. SHIPMASTER, ship'mås-tůr. s. Master of a ship.

SHIPPING, ship'ping. s. 410. Vessels of navigation; passage in a ship.

SHIPWRECK, ship'rek. s. The destruction of ships by rocks or shelves; the parts of a shattered ship; destruction, miscarriage.

The pronunciation of the latter part of this word, as if written rack, is now become vulgar.] To SHIPWRECK, ship'rek. v. a. To destroy by dashing on rocks or shallows; to make to suffer the dangers of a wreck. SHIPWRIGHT, ship'rite. s. A builder of ships. SHIRE, shère. s. 8, 106. A division of the kingdom, a county.

fence, impression of disgust; a pile of sheaves
of corn; a rough dog.
To SHOCK, shok. v. a.

to offend, to disgust.
To SHOCK, shok. v. n.
To SHOCK, shok. v. n.
sheaves.

To shake by violence; To be offensive.

To build up piles of

SHOD, shod. for Shoed. The Pret. and Part.
pass. of To shoe.
SHOE, shoo. s. 296. The cover of the foot.
To SHOE, shỏỏ. v. a. Pret. I Shod; Part. pass.
Shod. To fit the foot with a shoe; to cover at
the bottom.

SHOEBOY, shoo'bỏè. s. A boy that cleans shoes.
SHOEING-HORN, shỏỏ'ing-horn. s. A horn
used to facilitate the admission of the foot into
a narrow shoe.

SHOEMAKER, shỏỏ'må-kår. s. One whose trade

is to make shoes.

SHOETYE, shoo'ti. s. The riband with which women tye shoes.

sudden interrupted impulses. SHONE, shôn. The pret. of Shine.

The pronunciation of this word is very irregular, as it is the only pure English word in the language where the finale does not produce SHOG, shog. s. Violent concussion. the long diphthongal sound of i when the ac-To SHOG, shog. v. a. To shake, to agitate by cent is on it: but this irregularity is so fixed as to give the regular sound a pedantick stiffness. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott and Buchanan, however, have adopted this sound, in which they have been followed by Mr. Smith; but Mr. Elphinstone, Dr. Lowth, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Barclay, are for the irregular sound; W. Johnston gives both, but places the irregular first and the Grammar called Bickerstaff's, recommended by Steele, adopts the sound, and gives this rule:

"To sound like double (e) (i) does incline;
"As in Machine and Shire, and Magazine:
"Like (a) in Sirrah ; but writ (oi) in Join."

It may likewise be observed, that this word,
when unaccented at the end of words, as Not-
tinghamshire, Wiltshire, &c. is always pronoun-
ced with the i like ee.

SHIRT, shart. s. 108. The under linen garment of a man.

To SHIRT, shårt. v. a. To cover, to clothe as
in a shirt.

SHIRTLESS, shirt'lês. a. Wanting a shirt.
SHITTAH, shit'tå.
SHITTIM, shit'tim. s. Hebrew. A sort of pre-

cious wood growing in Arabia. SHITTLECOCK, shit'tl-kok. s. A cork stuck with feathers, and driven by players from one to another with battle-doors.

The most natural derivation of this word seems to arise from the motion of a shuttle, and therefore it ought to be written and pronounced shuttlecock.

This word is frequently pronounced so as to rhyme with tone; but the short sound of o is by far the most usual among those who may be styled polite speakers.

This sound is adopted by Mr. Elphinstone, Mr
Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Mr.
Smith; nor do I find the other sound in any of
our Dictionaries that have the word.

SHOOK, shook. 306. The Pret. and in Poetry,
Part. pass. of Shake.

To SHOOT, shoot. v. a, Pret. I shot; Part. Shot
or Shotten. To discharge any thing so as to
make it fly with speed or violence; to discharge
from a bow or gun; to let off; to emit new
parts, as a vegetable; to emit, to dart or thrust
forth; to fit to each other by planing, a work-
man's term; to pass through with swiftness.
To SHOOT, shoot. v. n. To perform the act of
shooting; to germinate, to increase in vegeta-
ble growth; to form itself into any shape; to
be emitted; to protuberate, to jut out; to pass
as an arrow; to become any thing suddenly:
to move swiftly along; to feel a quick pain.
SHOOT, shoot. s. The act of striking or en-
deavouring to strike with a missile weapon dis-
charged by any instrument, obsolete; branch
issuing from the main stock.

SHOOTER, shoot år. s. 98. One that shoots, an
archer, a gunner.

SHOP, shop. s. A place where any thing is sold; a room in which manufactures are carried on.

SHIVE, shive. s. A slice of bread; a thick splinter or lamina cut off from the main sub-SHOPBOARD, shop'bord. s. Bench on which

stance.

To SHIVER, shiv'år. v. n. 98. To quake, to|
tremble, to shudder as with cold or fear.
To SHIVER, shiv'år. v. n. To fall at once into
many parts or shives.

To SHIVER, shiv'år. v. a. To break by one act
into many parts, to shatter.
SHIVER, shiv'år. s. 515. One fragment of many
into which any thing is broken.
SHIVERY, shiv'år-è. a.

Loose of coherence,
easily falling into many fragments.
SHOAL, shole. s. 295. A crowd, a multitude, a
throng; a shallow, a sand-bank.

To SHOAL, shole. v. n. To crowd, to throng;
to be shallow, to grow shallow.
SHOAL, shole. a. Shallow, obstructed or en-
cumbered with banks.

SHOALINESS, sho'lè-nês. s. Shallowness, fre-
quency of shallow places.

SHOALY, sho'lè. a. Full of shoals, full of shallow places.

SHOCK, shok. s. Conflict, mutual impression of violence, violent concourse; concussion, external violence; the conflict of enemies; of

any work is done.

SHOPBOOK, shôp ́book. S. Book in which a tradesman keeps his accounts.

SHOPKEEPER, shop'kèèp-år. s. A trader who
sells in a shop, not a merchant who only deals
by wholesale.

SHOPMAN, shop'mân. s. 88. A petty trader;
one who serves in a shop.
SHORE, shore. The pret. of Shear.
SHORE, shore s. The coast of the sea; the
bank of a river; a drain, properly Sewer; the
support of a building, a buttress.

To SHORE, shore. v. a. To prop, to support.
To set on shore, not in use.
SHORELESS, shore'lês. a. Having no coast.
SHORN, shorne. The part. pass. of Shear.

This word was inadvertently marked with the third sound of o in the first edition of this Dictionary; but from considering its analogy with swear, wear, and tear, I do not hesitate to alter it to the first sound of that vowel; Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Smith, and W. Johnston, are for the first pronunciation; but Mr. Perry, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Elphinstone, are for the last

559.-Fate, får, fåll, fât ;-mè, mêt ;—pine, pîn ;—

and these authorities, with analogy on their || SHOULDERSLIP, shòl'dår-slip. s. Dislocation. side, are decisive. of the shoulder.

SHORT, short. a. 167. Not long, commonly not
long enough; repeated by quick iterations ;
not reaching the purposed point, not adequate;||
not far distant in time; defective, scanty; not
going so far as was intended; narrow, con-
tracted; brittle.

SHORT, short. s. A summary account.
SHORT, short. ad. Not long.

To SHORTEN, shôr't'n. v. a. 103. To make
short; to contract, to abbreviate; to confine, to
hinder from progression; to cut off; to lop.
SHORTHAND, short hand. S. A method of
writing in compendious characters.
SHORTLIVED, short-liv'd'. a. 157. Not living
or lasting long.

SHORTLY, short'lè. ad. Quickly, soon, in a little time; in a few words, briefly. SHORTNESS, short'nês. s. The quality of being short; fewness of words, brevity, conciseness; want of retention; deficience, imperfection. SHORTRIBS, short-ribz'. s. The bastard ribs. SHORTSIGHTED, short-si'ted. a. Unable to see far.

SHORTSIGHTEDNESS, short-sl'têd-nês. s. Defect of sight.

SHORTWAISTED, short-wåst'êd. a. Having a short body.

SHORTWINDED, short-wind'êd. a. Short breathed, asthmatick, breathing by quick and faint reciprocations.

SHORTWINGED, short-wing'd'. a. Havin
short wings. So hawks are divided into long
and shortwinged.

SHORY, sho'rè. a. Lying near the coast.
SHOT, shot. The pret. and part. pass. of Shoot.
SHOT, shot. s. The act of shooting; the flight
of a shot; the charge of a gun; bullets or small
pellets for the charge of a gun; any thing dis-
charged from a gun, or other instrument; a
sum charged, a reckoning.
SHOTFREE, shôt'frèè. a. Clear of the reckon-
ing.
SHÖTTEN, shot't'n. a. 103.

spawn.

Having ejected the To SHOVE, shiv. v. a. 165. To push by main|| strength; to drive a boat by a pole that reaches to the bottom of the water; to push, to rush against.

To SHOVE, shâv. v. n. To push forward before one; to move in a boat, not by oars but a pole.

SHOVE, shův. s. The act of shoving, a push. SHOVEL, shav'v'l. s. 102. An instrument consisting of a long handle and broad blade with raised edges.

To SHOVEL, shův'v'l. v. a. To throw or heap with a shovel; to gather in great quantities. SHOVELBOARD, shav'v'l-bord. 8. A long board on which they play by sliding metal pieces at a mark.

SHOUGH, shok. s. 321, 392. A species of shaggy dog, a shock.

SHOULD, shud. 320. This is a kind of auxiliary verb used in the conjunctive mood, of which the signification is not easily fixed.-See BEEN. SHOULDER, shòl'dår. s. 318. The joint which connects the arm to the body; the upper joint of the foreleg of a beast; the upper part of the back: the shoulders are used as emblems of strength; a rising part, a prominence.-See MOULD.

To SHOULDER, shỏl'dår. v. a. To push with insolence and violence; to put upon the shoulder.

SHOULDERBELT, shòl'dår-bêlt. s. A belt that
comes across the shoulder.

SHOULDERCLAPPER, shol'dår-klap-pår.
One who affects familiarity.

SHOULDERSHOTTEN, shòl'dar-shot-t'n.
Strained in the shoulder

S.

a.

To SHOUT, shout. v. n. 313. To cry in triumph or exultation.

SHOUT, shỏût. s. A loud and vehement cry of
triumph or exultation.

SHOUTER, shout'år. s. 98. He who shouts.
To SHOW, shỏ. v. a. 324. Pret. Showed and
Shown; Part. pass. Shown. To exhibit to
view; to give proof of, to prove; to make
known; to point the way, to direct; to offer,
to afford; to explain, to expound; to teach, to

tell.

To SHOW, shò. v. n. To appear, to look, to be

in appearance.

SHOW, shỏ. s. A spectacle, something publickly exposed to view for money; superficial appearance; ostentatious display; object attracting notice; splendid appearance; semblance; speciousness; external appearance; exhibition to view; pomp, magnificent spectacle; phantoms, not realities; representative action. SHOWBREAD, or SHEWBREAD, shoʻbrêd, s. Among the Jews, they thus called loaves of bread that the priest of the week put every Sabbath-day upon the golden table which was in the Sanctum before the Lord.

SHOWER, shou ́år. s. 323. Rain, either moderate or violent; storm of any thing falling thick; any very liberal distribution.

To SHOWER, shou ́år. v. a.

To wet or drown with rain; to pour down; to distribute or scatter with great liberality.

To SHOWER, shod ́år. v. n. To be rainy.
SHOWERY, shoû ûr-è. a. Rainy.
SHOWISH, or SHOWY, sho'ish. a.
gaudy; ostentatious.

Splendid,

SHOWN, shone. Pret. and Part. pass of To show.
Exhibited.

SHRANK, shrank. The Pret. of Shrink.
To SHRED, shred. v. a. Pret. Shred. To cut

into small pieces. SHRED, shred. s.

ment.

A small piece cut off; a frag

SHREW, shrỏỏ. s. 265, 339. A peevish, malig-
nant, clamorous, turbulent woman.
SHREWD, shroỏd. a. Having the qualities of a
shrew, malicious, troublesome; maliciously sly,
cunning; ill-betokening; mischievous.
SHREWDLY, shrôôd'lè. ad. Mischievously;
vexatiously; cunningly; slyly.
SHREWDNESS, shrood'nês. s. Sly cunning,
archness; mischievousness, petulance.
SHREWISH, shröð'ish. a. Having the qualities
of a shrew; forward, petulantly clamorous.
SHREWISHLY, shroo ish-lè. ad. Petulantly,
peevishly, clamorously.

SHREWISHNESS, shroo'ish-nës. s. The qual-
ities of a shrew, forwardness, petulance, clam-

orousness.

SHREWMOUSE, shrôô'môùse. s. A mouse of which the bite was generally supposed venom

ous.

To SHRIEK, shrèěk. v. n. 275. To cry out in-
articulately with anguish or horrour, to scream.
SHRIEK, shreek. v. n. 275. An inarticulate cry
of anguish or horrour.
SHRIEVE, shrèèv. s. 275.

A sheriff.

This was the ancient mode of writing and pronouncing this word. Stow, indeed, writes it shrive; but it is highly probable that the i had exactly the sound of ie in grieve, thiere, &c. and the common people of London to this day have preserved this old pronunciation, though it is wearing away fast among them. That this is the true etymological manner of writing and pronouncing it, we need but attend to the Saxon word from which it is derived, to be convinced, Reve, or Reeve, signifies a steward; and Shrieve is but a contraction of Shire Reeve, or Shire Steward. But however just this orthography and pronunciation may be in other respects, it

—nỏ, môve, nor, nốt ;—tube, tub, bill ;−5îl ;pound ;–thin, THIS.

wants the true stamp of polite usage to make it||To SHUDDER, shůd'dår. v. a. 98. To quake current; it is now grown old and vulgar, and Pope's use of this word,

"Now Mayors and Shrieves all hush'd and sa"tiate lay,"

must only be looked upon as assisting the humour of the scene he describes. SHRIEVALTY, shrèè'vâl-tè. s. The office of a sheriff.

with fear, or with aversion.

To SHUFFLE, shuf'fl. v. a. 405. To throw into
disorder, to agitate tumultuously, so as that one
thing takes the place of another; to remove
or put by with some artifice or fraud; to change
the position of cards with respect to each other:
to form fraudulently.

To SHUFFLE, shuf'fl. v. n. To throw the cards
into a new order; to play mean tricks, to prac-
tise fraud, to evade fair questions; to struggle,
to shift; to move with an irregular gait.
SHUFFLE, shaf'fl. s. 405. The act of disorder-
ing things, or making them take confusedly the
place of each other; a trick, an artifice.
SHUFFLECAP, shaf'fl-kâp. s. A play at which
money is shaken in a hat.
SHUFFLER, shuf'fl-år. s. 98. He who plays

By a caprice common in language, this compound is not nearly so antiquated as its simple: though it should seem, that if the old root be taken away, and another planted in its stead, the branches ought to spring from the latter, and not the former.-But though we seldom hear Shrieve for Sheriff, except among the lower classes of people in London, we not unfrequently hear, even among the better sort, Shrievalty for Sheriffalty; and Junius, in one of his letters to the Duke of Grafton, says, "Your next appearance in office is marked with his election to the Shrievalty." Publick Advertiser,||To SHUN, shin. v. a. To avoid, to decline, to July 9, 1771. This is certainly an inaccuracy; and such an inaccuracy, in such a writer as Junius, is not a little surprising.

SHRIFT, shrift. s. Confession made to a priest. SHRILL, shril. a. Sounding with a piercing, tremulous, or vibratory sound.

To SHRILL, shril. v. n. To pierce the ear with quick vibrations of sound.

SHRILLNESS, shril'nês. s. The quality of being shrill.

SHRILLY, shril'lè. ad. With a shril! noise. SHRIMP, shrimp. s. A small crustaceous vermiculated fish; a little wrinkled man, a dwarf. SHRINE, shrine. s. A case in which something sacred is reposited.

To SHRINK, shrink. v. n. Pret. I Shrunk, or Shrank; Participle, Shrunken. To contract itself into less room, to shrivel; to withdraw as from danger; to express fear, horrour, or pain, by shrugging or contracting the body; to fall back as from danger.

To SHRINK, shrink. v. a. Part. pass. Shrunk,
Shrank, or Shrunken. To make to shrink.
SHRINK, shrink. s. Contraction into less com-
pass; contraction of the body from fear or
horrour.

SHRINKER, shrink'år. s. 98. He who shrinks.
To SHRIVE, shrive. v. a. To hear at confession.
To SHRIVEL, shriv'v'l. v. n. 102. To contract
itself into wrinkles.

To SHRIVEL, shriv'v'l. v. a.
wrinkles.

To contract into

SHRIVER, shri'vår. s. 98. A confessor.
SHROUD, shroud. s. 313. A shelter, a cover;
the dress of the dead, a winding-sheet; rope
that supports the mast.

To SHROUD, shroud. v. n. To shelter, to co-
ver from danger; to dress for the grave; to
cover or conceal; to defend, to protect.
To SHROUD, shrðåd. v. n. To harbour, to
take shelter.

SHROVETIDE, shròve'tide.

SHROVETUESDAY, Shrove-tuze'de.}

tricks, or shuffles.

SHUFFLINGLY, shuf'fl-iug-lè. ad. 410. With an irregular gait.

endeavour to escape.

SHUNLESS, shan'les. a. Inevitable, unavoidable. To SHUT, shot. v. a. Pret. I Shut; Part. pass. Shut. To close so as to prohibit ingress or egress; to enclose, to confine; to prohibit, to bar; to exclude; to contract, not to keep expanded. To shut out; to exclude, to deny admission. To shut up; to close, to confine; to conclude.

To SHUT, shât v. n. To be closed, to close it-
self.

SHUT, shut. part. a. Rid, clear, free.
SHUT, shut.

S. Close, act of shutting; small door or cover.

SHUTTER, shât'tår. s. 93. One that shuts ; a

cover, a door.

SHUTTLE, shat'tl. s. 405. The instrument with
which the weaver shoots the cross threads.
SHUTTLECOCK, shut'tl-kök. s. A cork stuck
with feathers, and beaten backward and for-
ward.-See SHITTLECOCK.

SHY, shi. a. Reserved; cautious; keeping at a
distance, unwilling to approach.
SIBILANT, stb'è-lånt. a. Hissing.
SIBILATION, sib-è-la'shûn. s. A hissing sound.
SICAMORE, sik'â-more. s. A tree.
SICCITY, sik'sè-tè. s. Dryness, aridity, want of
moisture.

SICE, size. s. The number six at dice.
SICK, sik. a. Afflicted with disease; ill in the
stomach; corrupted; disgusted.

To SICKEN, sik'k'n. v. a. 103. To make sick:
to weaken, to impair.

To SICKEN, sîk'k'n. v. n. To grow sick; to be
satiated; to be disgusted or disordered with
abhorrence; to grow weak, to decay, to lan-
guish.
The hook with which

SICKLE, sik'kl. s. 405.

corn is cut, a reaping-hook. SICKLEMAN, sik'kl-mân. SICKLER, sik'kl-år. 98. SICKLINESS, sík'le-nês. s. ness, habitual disease. Ash-SICKLY, sik ́lè. a. Not healthy, somewhat disordered; faint, weak, languid.

s. 223.

The time of confession, the day before
Wednesday or Lent.

acid,

SHRUB, shrub. s. A small tree; spirit,
and sugar mixed.
SHRUBBY, shrab'bè. a. Resembling a shrub;
full of shrubs, bushy.

To SHRUG, shrug. v. n. To express horrour or
dissatisfaction by motion of the shoulders or
whole body.

To SHRUG, shrug. v. a. To contract or draw

up.

SHRUG, shrôg. s. A motion of the shoulders usually expressing dislike or aversion.

To SICKLY, sik ́lè. v. a. To make diseased, to taint with the hue of disease. Not in use. SICKNESS, sik'nês. s. State of being diseased, disease, malady; disorder in the organs of digestion.

SIDE, side. s. The parts of animals fortified by the ribs; any part of any body opposed to any other part; the right or left; margin, verge; any kind of local respect; party, faction, sect; any part placed in contradistinction or opposition to another.

SHRUNK, shrank.” The pret. and part. pass. of SIDE, side. a. Lateral; oblique, being on either

Shrink.

side.

SHRUNKEN, shrunk'k'n. 103. The part. pass.To SIDE, side. v. n. To take a party, to engage of Shrink.

in a faction.

559.-Fate, får, fåll, fât ;-mè, mêt ;-pine, pin ;-
s. The side-table, on
placed for those that

Seat for the ladies on

insect.
To go with the body

SIDEBOARD, side'bord.
which conveniences are
eat at the other table.
SIDEBOX, side'boks. s.
the side of the theatre.
SIDEFLY, side'fli. s. An
To SIDLE, sidl. v. n. 405.
the narrowest way.
SIDELONG, side'long.
in front, not direct.
SIDELONG, side'long. ad. Laterally, obliquely,
not in pursuit, not in opposition; on the side."
SIDER, 'si'dår. s. 98.-See CIDER.
SIDERAL, sid'dèr-ål. a. Starry, astral.
SIDERATION, sid-der-à'shản. s.

a.

Lateral, oblique, not

A sudden mortification, a blast, or a sudden deprivation

of sense.

SIDESMAN, sidz'mån. s. 88. An assistant to
the church-wardens.
SIDEWAYS, side waze
SIDEWISE, side'wize.
one side.
SIEGE, sèdje. s. The act of besetting a fortified
place, a leaguer; any continued endeavour to
gain possession: place, class, ra -hsolete.

SIEVE, siv. s. 277. Hair or lawn

r

pression may be very proper in oratory, when accompanied by passion, it would be as affected to give it this aspiration in ordinary speech, as to pronounce the word fearful with a tremour of the voice, and a faltering of the tongue, or to utter the word laugh with a convulsive motion of the breast and lungs. To these reasons may be added the laws of rhyme; which necessarily exclude this affected pronunciation, and oblige us to give the word its true analogical sound:

Love is a smoke, rais'd with the fume of sighs; "Being purg'd, a fire sparkling in lovers' eyes." Shakspeare. SIGHT, site. s. 393. Perception by the eye, the sense of seeing; open view, a situation in which nothing obstructs the eye; act of seeing or beholding; notice, knowledge; eye, instrument of seeing; aperture pervious to the eye. or other points fixed to guide the eye, as, the Sights of a quadrant; spectacle, show, thing wonderful to be seen. SIGHTLESS, site les. a. not sightly. SIGHTLY, site'lè. a. ing to the view. SIGIL, sid'jil. s. 544. A seal.

Wanting sight; blina;

Pleasing to the eye, strik

hed upon|SIGN, sine. s. 385. A token of any thing, that
by which any thing is shown; a wonder, a mi-
racle; a picture hung at a door, to give notice
what is sold within; a constellation in the Zo-
diack; typical representation, symbol; a sub-
scription of one's name, as, a Sign-manual.
To SIGN, sine. v. a. To mark; to ratify by
hand or seal; to betoken, to signify, to repre-
sent typically.

a hoop, by which flour is separated from bran; a boller, a searce. To SIFT, sift. v. a. To separate by a sieve; to separate, to part; to examine, to try SIFTER, sift'år. s. 93. He who sifts. To SIGH, sl. v. n. To emit the breath audibly, as in grief. SIGH, sl. s. A violent and audible emission of breath which has been long retained.

SIGNAL, sig'nål. s. 88. Notice given by a signal, a sign that gives notice.

SIGNAL, sig'nâl. a. Eminent, memorable, re

markable.

SIGNALITY, sig-nål'è-tè. s. Quality of some-
thing remarkable or memorable.
To SIGNALIZE, sig'nál-ize. v. a. To make emi-
nent, to make remarkable.
SIGNALLY, sig'nâl-è. ad. Eminently, remarka
bly, memorably.

SIGNATION, sig-nà'shân. s. Sign given, act of
betokening.

SIGNATURE, sig'nå-ture. s. 463. A sign or mark impressed upon any thing, a stamp, a mark upon any matter, particularly upon plants, by which their nature or medicinal use is pointed out; proof, evidence: among Printers, some letter or figure to distinguish different sheets. SIGNET, sig'nêt. s. 99. A seal commonly used for the seal-manual of a king.

s. Pow

A very extraordinary pronunciation of this word prevails in London, and what is more extraordinary, on the Stage, so different from every other word of the same form as to make it a perfect oddity in the language. This pronunciation approaches to the word scythe; and the only difference is, that scythe has the flat aspiration as in this; and sigh the sharp one, as in thin. It is not easy to conjecture what could be the reason of this departure from analogy, unless it were to give the word a sound which seems an echo to the sense; and if this intention had gone no farther than the lengthening or shortening of a vowel, it might have been admitted, as in fearful, cheerful, pierce, fierce, great, leisure, and some others; but pronouncing gh like th in this word is too palpable a contempt of orthography to pass current without the stamp of the best, the most universal and permanent usage on its side. The Sax-SIGNIFICANCE, sig-nif fè-kanse. on combination gh, according to the general SIGNIFICANCY, sig-nif'fè-kân-sè. rule, both in the middle and at the end of a er of signifying, meaning; energy, power of word, is silent. It had anciently a guttural pro- impressing the mind; importance, moment. nunciation, which is still retained in great part SIGNIFICANT, sig-nif'fe-kånt. a. Expressive of Scotland, and in some of the northern parts of something beyond the external mark; beof England: but every guttural sound has been tokening, standing as a sign of something; exlong since banished from the language; not, pressive, or representative in an eminent dehowever, without some efforts to continue, by gree; important, momentous, changing these letters, sometimes into the re- SIGNIFICANTLY, sig-nif fè-kânt-lè. ad. With lated guttural consonant k, as in lough, hough, force of expression. &c. and sometimes into a consonant entirely unrelated to them, as in laugh, cough, &c. These are the only transmutations of these letters; and these established irregularities are quite sufficient without admitting such as are only candidates for confusion. If it be pleaded that sithe better expresses the emission of breath in the act of sighing, it may be answered, that nothing can be more erroneous, as the tongue and teeth have nothing to do in this action. Mr. Sheridan has, indeed, to assist this expression, spelled the word sih, as an aspiration must ne-To cessarily accompany the act of sighing; but (to take no notice that, in this case, the hought SIGNIORY, sène'yò-rè. s. 113. Lordship, do. to be before the i,) 397, though such ex- minion.

SIGNIFICATION, sig-nlf-fè-kå'shôn. s. The act
of making known by signs; meaning expressed
by a sign or word.
SIGNIFICATIVE, sig-nif'fè-kå-tiv. a. Betoken-
ing by any external sign; forcible, strongly ex
pressive.

SIGNIFICATORY, sig-nif'fè-kå-tûr-ẻ. a. 512.
That which signifies or betokens.

To SIGNIFY, sig'nè-fl. v. a. To declare by
some token or sign; to mean, to express; to
import, to weigh; to make known

SIGNIFY, sig'nè-fi. v. n. 395. To express meaning with force.

mnỏ, move, nor, nổi ;tube, tua, bàll ;−3;pound ;–thin, THIS

SIGNPOST, sine'pòst. s. That upon which a sign hangs.

SIKER, sik ́år. ad. The old word for sure or

surely.

SILENCE, si'lênse. S. The state of holding peace; habitual taciturnity, not loquacity; secrecy; stillness.

SILENCE, silênse. interject. An authoritative restraint of speech.

To SILENCE, sl'lênse. v. a. To still, to oblige to hold peace.

Made of

Husky,

SILENT, silent. a. Not speaking; not talk-
ative; still; not mentioning.
SILENTLY, silent-lè. ad. Without speech;
without noise; without mention.
SILICIOUS, sè-lish'us. a. 135, 957.
hair.
SILICULOSE, si-lik--lose'. a. 427.
full of husks.-See TUMULOSE.
SILIGONOSE, si-lid-jè-nòse'. a. 427. Made of
fine wheat.-See TUMULOSE.
SILIQUA, sil'lè-kwå. s. 92. A carat of which
six make a scruple; the seed-vessel, husk, pod,||
or shell of such plants as are of the pulse kind.
SILIQUOSE, sil-le-kwòse'.
SILIQUOUS, sil'lè-kwås.
a. Having a

pod or capsule.-See TUMULOSE.
SILK, silk. s. The thread of the worm that turns
afterwards to a butterfly; the stuff made of
the worm's thread.

SILKEN, silk'k'n. a. 103. Made of silk; soft,
tender; dressed in silk.
SILKMERCER, silk'mêr-sår. S. A dealer in
silk.

SILKWEAVER, silk'wè-vår. S. One whose
trade is to weave silken stuffs.
SILKWORM, silk'wårm. s. The worm that spins
silk.

SILKY, silk'è. a. Made of silk; soft, pliant.
SILL, sill. s. The timber or stone at the foot of
the door.

SILLABUB, sil'lå-bab. s. A mixture of milk warm from the cow, with wine, sugar, &c. SILLILY, sil'lè-lè. ad. In a silly manner, simply, foolishly.

SILLINESS, sil'lè-nês. s. Simplicity, weakness, harmless folly.

SILLY, sille. a. Harmless, innocent, artless; foolish, witless.

SILLYHOW, sil'lè-hỏa. s. The membrane that|| covers the head of the foetus.

cated sword with a couvex edge. More pro-
perly spelt CIMETAR.

To SIMMER, sim'mür. v. n. 98. To boil gently,
to boil with a gentle hissing.
SIMONY, sim'un-è. s. The crime of buying or
selling church preferment.

To SIMPER, sim'pôr. v. n. 98. To smile, gene-
rally to smile foolishly.
SIMPER, sim'pår. s. 98. A smile, generally a
foolish smile.

SIMPLE, sim'pl. a. 405. Plain, artless, harm-
less; uncompounded, unmingled; silly, not
wise, not cunning.

SIMPLE, simpl. s. A simple ingredient in a
medicine, a drug, an herb.

To SIMPLE, simpl. v. n. To gather simples.
SIMPLENESS, sim'pl-uês. s. The quality of
being simple.
SIMPLER, sim'pl-dr. s. 98.

alist.

SIMPLETON, sim'pl-tån. s.
trifler, a foolish fellow.

A simplist, an herb

A silly mortal. a

SIMPLICITY, sim-plis é-tè. s. Plainness, art-
lessness; not subtilty, not abstruseness; not
finery; state of being uncompounded; weak-
ness, silliness.

To SIMPLIFY, sim'plè-fi. v. a. To make less
complex to reduce to first principles.
SIMPLIST, simplist. s. One skilled in simples.
SIMPLY, simple. ad. Without art, without

subtilty; of itself, without addition; merely,
solely; foolishly, sitlily.

SIMULAR, sim'u-lâr. s. 83. One that counterfeits. Not in use.

SIMULATION, sim-d-la'shun. s. That part of hypocrisy which pretends that to be which is

not.

SIMULTANEOUS, si-mål-tå'nè-ås. a. 135. Art-
ing together, existing at the same time.
SIN, sin. s. An act against the laws of God, a
violation of the laws of religion; habitual neg-
ligence of religion.

To SIN, sin. v. n. To neglect the laws of reli-
gion, to violate the laws of religion; to offend
against right.

SINCE, sinse. ad. Because that; from the time
that; ago, before this.

SINCE, sinse. prep. After, reckoning from some
time past to the time present.
SINCERE, sin-sère'. a. Pure, unmingled; bo-
nest, undissembling, uncorrupt.
SINCERELY, sin-sère'lé. ad. Honestly, with-
out hypocrisy.

SILVAN, sil'vån. a. 83. Woody, full of woods.
SILVER, sil'vår. s. 98. A heavy, sonorous, bril-
liant, white metal; exceedingly ductile, and of
great malleability and tenacity. Parkes' Chy-SINCERITY, sin-ser è-tè.
mistry. Any thing of soft splendour; money

made of silver.

SILVER, sil'vår. a. Made of silver; white like
silver; having a pale lustre; soft of voice.
To SILVER, silvr. v. a. To cover superficially
with silver; to adorn with mild lustre.
SILVERBEATER, sil'vår-bè-tår. S. One that
foliates silver.

SILVERLY, sil'vår-lè. ad. With the appearance
of silver.

SILVERSMITH, sil'vår-smith. s. One that works
in silver.

SILVERTHISTLE, sil'vår-this-sl.
SILVERWEED, sil'vår-wèèd.

s. Plants.

SILVERY, sil'vår-é. a. Besprinkled with silver, shining like silver.

SIMAR, se-már'. s. A woman's robe.

SIMILAR, sim'è-lâr. 83.

SIMILARY, sîm'è-lår-è.

ing resemblance.

SINCERENESS, sin-sère'nês. }

S. Honesty of intention, purity of mind; freedom from hypocrisy.

SINDOŇ, sîn dân. s. 166. A fold, a wrapper.
SINE, sine. 8. A right Sine, in geometry, is a
right line drawn from one end of an arch per-
pendicularly upon the diameter drawn from the
other end of that arch.

SINECURE, si'nè-kåre. s. An office which has
revenue without any employment.
SINEW, sin'nù. s. 265. A tendon, the ligament
by which the joints are moved: applied to
whatever gives strength or compactness, as,
money is the sinew of war; muscle or nerve.
To SINEW, sin'nd. v. a. To knit as by sinews.
Not in use.

SINEWED, sin nude. a. 359.
sinews; strong, firm, vigorous.

Furnished with

SINEWY, sin'nu-c. a. Consisting of a sinew, nervous; strong, vigorons.

having one part like another; resembling, hav-SINFUL, sin'fül. a. Alien from God; unsancti

SIMILARITY, sim-è-lår è-tè. s. Likeness.

illustrated.

fied; wicked, not observant of religion, con-
trary to religion.

SIMILE, sîm'è-tè. s. 96. A comparison by which || SINFULLY, sinful-é, ad. Wickedly.
any thing
SIMILITUDE, sè-mil'è-tude. s. Likeness, re-
semblance; comparison, simile.
SIMITAR, sim'è-tår. s. 83.

SINFULNESS, sinful-nes. s. Alienation from
God, neglect or violation of the duties of reli-
gion.

A crooked or fal-||To SING, sing. v. n. Pret. I Sang, or Sung;