fragmentary state of the texts, often make translation quite impossible. The restorations make no claim to reproduce the lost words, but merely indicate the probable connection. I. INSCRIPTION OF TEFIBIa 393. The conflict with the South is here clearer than anywhere else, but unfortunately the unfinished condition of the inscription (see l. 16, n., § 396) breaks all continuity. The content in outline is as follows: Tefibi adjures all passers-by to pray for him (1. 1). He sets forth the beneficence of his rule-a rule without distinction of persons, maintaining the security of all, even if abroad at night (11. 2-12). Because of his beneficent rule his son, when a child, succeeded him without opposition (ll. 13-15). On his (Tefibi's) first campaign, the southern nomes from Elephantine to an uncertain point on the north were united against him (1. 16). He defeated them first on the west shore, driving them as far as "the fortress of the port of the South" (Abydos? ll. 16-18). He then crossed to the east shore, where he defeated a second army of the enemy (11. 19-22) and also discomfited a hostile fleet (ll. 23, 24). He thus suppressed rebellion and had opportunity to promote deserving officers (11. 25-27). The result was widespread respect for his energetic government, prosperity of the temples. and envy of the evil-minded (11. 36-40). Address to Passers 394. O ye living! O ye who are upon earth, children who shall be born; those who shall sail down-stream, those who shall sail up-stream, aTomb III. The southernmost of the three tombs on the same terrace, north wall east of pillars. Published by Griffith, Siut, 11, 12. See above, 391, note. those who shall come in the following of Upwawet, lord of Siut, those who shall pass by this bend, a those who shall enter into this tomb, those who shall see that which is in it; as Upwawet, lord of Siut and Anubis, lord of the cave", live for you, ye shall pray for the mortuary offering for the prince Tefibi. Tefibi's Kind Rule 395. The hereditary prince, count, wearer of the royal seal, sole companion, superior prophet of Upwawet, lord of Siut, Tefibi (Tƒ-yby), says: bз Hearken to me, ye who are to come. I was openhanded to everyone, -, I was one of excellent of face toward a petition, ———————— plans, one useful to his city, one b 4 -1 one of open face to the widow. b for his people... 7. .... I was a NileTM d 10When night 13. came, he who slept on the road gave me praise, for he was like a man in his house; the fear of my soldier was his protection. Then came my son in my place, the officials were 'under] his 'authority. He ruled as a child of a cubit (high); the city rejoiced over him, she remembered 14the good. Because, any noble who shall do good to the people, who shall surpass the virtue of him that begot him, he shall be 15blessed in the hereafter, his son shall abide in his father's house, his memory shall be pleasant in the city, his statue shall be glorified and 'carried by the children of his house. aUsed alike of the cliffs or the river. bAbout one-third line. cAmenhotep IV also calls himself a Nile for his people. dThe omissions contain obscure phrases, chiefly referring to Tefibi's kindness to his people. eSee Sethe, Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache, 1893, 108. fThe text has "person." The stature indicated, “I cubit," is that of a newborn child, as shown by Papyrus Westcar (X, 10), where the three children are each "of one cubit" at birth. The same statement is made of Khety II (§ 413, 1. 21), where it is confirmed by the context), and seems to be a favorite boast of such princes: in Benihasan (Tomb 13), the owner, Khnumhotep, boasts of being one "whose place was advanced while he was a child." The Pharaohs make the same boast. 8 Meaning the good his father had done, as the following shows. bIt shall receive the proper ceremonies and be carried in the festal processions. Cf. the contracts of Hepzefi, §§ 535 ff. War with the South 396. 16aThe first time that my soldiers fought with the southernb nomes, which came together southward as far as Elephantine and northward as far as [-]c [they smote them] as far as the southern boundary.d the west side. When I came to the [I drove him1] 18— as far as the He gave to me land, while I did not - I reached the east side, sailing city, I overthrew [the foe1] — 8 19 g aLines 16-40 were never finished; the lower third was never cut (my restorations chiefly indicate the probable connection). Moreover, they were plastered over, and a new inscription containing the conventional encomium was painted on the plaster. As the content of this very portion of the text is political, this must have been the motive for effacing it. See Griffith, Babylonian and Oriental Record, III, 128. As the effacement was done before the inscription was finished, it would seem that there was interference from the south during the construction of the tomb. bThe word "southern" is broken and not quite certain. It exactly fits the remaining traces as well as the context, and later course of the war. Maspero reads “Gaou” (Ķau), (Revue critique, 1889, II, 416), but wisely adds? The same name occurs at Benihasan (§ 620, note), but cannot be located. dThe southern boundary of the Heracleopolitan kings (?), which was then not far north of Abydos; cf. § 423. In this case there would have been an invasion of the Heracleopolitan kingdom by the Thebans, who were then driven out. eA reference to his campaign on the west shore of the river; the east shore follows in 1. 19. f This must have been a city on the frontier between the territory of the north and south, for he has just passed "the southern boundary," and in the next line reaches "the fortress of the port of the South." 8About one-third line. hSee Erman (Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache, 1891, 120), who suggests that tp rsy is really the south, and šm‹ middle Egypt. This distinction is apparently maintained in these Siut texts, and is clear at this point, where Tefibi drives his enemy as far as the southern (rsy) border of the Northern Kingdom, and then "as far as the fortress of the port of the South (tp rsy)." The northernmost point to which tp rsy is applied is the Thinite nome. Now, the Theban king, Intef (Horus: Whenh), states that he captured all of the Thinite (Abydos) nome, and “opened all her fortresses” (§ 423), using the very word for fortress (yth) employed in 1. 18, above. He also made the Aphroditopolite nome (just north of the Thinite nome) "the door of the North" (ibid.). Remembering that Tefibi's campaign is thus far confined to the west shore, one would suspect that Tefibi's "port of the South" is Intef's "door of the North." All the indications, therefore, point to this region as the southern extremity of Tefibi's campaign. iWith the determinative of a person. 20with another army from his confederacy. I went out against him with one -. There was no fear -a 21He hastened to battle like the 'light'; the Lycopolite nome-like a bull going forth 22 forever. I ceased not to fight 'to the end [making use of the south wind] as well as the north wind, of the east wind as well as [of the La 23г—— He fell in the water, his ships ran west wind] a 25— -a [when attacked by wild aground, his army were like bulls, - I drove out rebellion by —, by the _a 26of a mighty bull. When a man did well, La 27for his lord.c a 36Heracleopolis. The land was under the fear of my soldiers; no highland was free from fear. If he made La 37fire in the southern nomes. He did it as an affair of his 397. 38The temples were made to flourish, offerings were made to the gods; the wicked saw it, a з9he put not eternity before him, he looked not to the future, he saw evil II. INSCRIPTION OF KHETI Id a 40. 398. Kheti (called I to distinguish him from Kheti II of the next tomb) was the son of Tefibi of the preceding tomb. He inherited the lands and titles of his father, being a nomarch by inheritance from his mother (1. 8).. Besides the usual functions of the Assiut nomarchs, he was also The following lines, to 1. 35, inclusive, are very fragmentary and obscure. In 1. 28 there is reference to "the South” (“Oh, speak a word to the South (tp rŝy)”). In 1. 33 the goddesses "Bast of the South" (Bɔ stt nt tp-rŝy) and Hereret (Hrrt) are mentioned, and the following lines (to 1. 35, inclusive) consist of epithets in the feminine, referring to one of them. In 1. 35 there is reference to Middle Egypt (3m) and the building of "its fortresses." dIn the middle tomb (IV) of the three on the same opposite the scene of the soldiers with large shields. 13, 14, 20. See also § 391. eGriffith, Siut, IV, 75; cf. Kheti II's title, § 410. terrace, on the north wall, Text in Griffith, Siut, Pls. "military commander of the whole land." His inscription is of great importance for the inner history of the Heracleopolitan kingdom, but is unfortunately fragmentary and obscure. After some references to Kheti's services to the king, Merikere (11. 1-7), and the ancient origin of Kheti's family (11. 7-9), it is stated that he has chastised Middle Egypt for the king's sake (1. 10), a clear indication of insurrection within the Heracleopolitan kingdom. This trouble quelled, Kheti conducts the king up-river, probably to receive the homage of the kingdom, which, including the nobles of Ehnas, was in great fear, as Kheti's enormous fleet passed up (ll. 10-15). Returning to Ehnas-Heracleopolis, the king is received with acclamation by old and young (ll. 16, 17). Kheti now returns to his home and is commissioned to restore the ancient temple of Upwawet, which, at the present day, lies somewhere beneath the modern buildings of Siut (11. 17-31). The people lived in peace and security during the remainder of Kheti's reign (ll. 31-34). 399. Of the first seven lines only the upper portion (from a third to a half line) is preserved. The content was important, but only the merest scraps are now intelligible. They show that the text is an address to the deceased Kheti, of historical import, and are as follows: "6. a a stock of ancient time 3 King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Merikere (Mry-k'-R) of Heracleopolis. Thou overthrowest the rebels. "lord of the two regions, beloved of the god, shade of the whole land." These last epithets (1.7) refer to the king; and probably Kheti's services to him in overthrowing the rebels, furnish the connection. The text now becomes more connected, though still very obscure in places. a Referring to the ancient origin of Kheti's family; see also 1. 8. |