9. Hero - heroes; loaf-loaves; baby-babies; brother-brothers or brethren; gymnasium-gymnasiums; son-in-law-sons-in-law; datum— data; cherub-cherubim. 10. This is a complex sentence in which "ye do so even unto them (that)" is the principal proposition; the remainder is the subordinate clause, also complex, "ye would” being the principal part and “whatsoever that men should do unto you" the subordinate part. The subordinate part is the object of "would" (wish or desire); "so" modifies "do" and "even" modifies "so;" (that) supplied is the object of "do," and the antecedent of "whatever," a compound relative, the object of "should do." GEOGRAPHY.-1. The mountain borders, especially the Sierra Nevada and the Coast Ranges deprive the interior of moisture, by condensing it before it passes over them to the interior. 5. Both have a republican form of government 6. Cuba is of great commercial importance, on account of the amount and variety of its useful productions, and on account of its position near the United States and the entrance to the Gulf of Mexico. Cuba is a Spanish colony, and the government is administered by a Captain-General appointed by the Spanish crown. 8. Surface, drainage, climate, boundary, people, occupations, chief business centers, commercial facilities, exports, imports, etc. U. S. HISTORY.-1. In 1539 De Soto sailed from Cuba with a force of men and horses; he landed at Tampa Bay and began his march into the interior. The soldiers were guilty of many cruel things in their treatment of the natives. In 1541 the company discovered the Mississippi River. (See Mont Hist. paragraph 22.) 2. The charter was obtained in 1732. In making the settlement there were two objects, one of defense to repel the attacks of the Spaniards in Florida; the other object was one of benevolence-to provide a home for the imprisoned debtors in England. (See paragraphs 126 and 127 ) 3. Among the people of Salem, in 1692, a peculiar delusion prevailed that originated among some thoughtless children who accused others of tormenting them. Several persons were hanged before the people came to their senses. (See paragraph 89.) He explored 4. La Salle was the greatest of the French explorers. much of the valley of the Mississippi and floated down that stream to its mouth. The most important work that he did was to take possession of the Mississippi Valley for the French king. (See paragraph 133.) It was 5. The bell was cast at Whitechapel, London. Its weight was 2080 lbs. It was received at Philadelphia in August 1752, and was broken up and recast in June, 1753. It was cracked on the morning of July 8 1835, while being tolled in memory of Chief Justice Marshall. found to be hopelessly useless after being tried Feb. 22, 1843. scription was: "By order of the Assembly of the Province of Pennsyl vania, for the State House in the city of Philadelphia, 1752." "Pro The in claim liberty throughout all the land to all the inhabitants thereof.". Lev. xxv, 10. 6. (See paragraph 283.) Many benefits have been derived from this invention. One of the most important is its great value to railroads; another great benefit is its aid in catching outlaws. 8. (See Article II and the XII Amendment) READING.-1. Pure tone and low pitch. 2. Dead, beautiful, calm, free, fair, fresh, waiting, not, lived, death, couch, die, near, something, loved, light, sky, always, these, words. 3. In those ideas of death that are familiar and touching, and in the simple natural way in which they are expressed in language, 4. If possible, all the selection concerning 1 ttle Nell, together with certain other matter of a related nature, by the same author; also, other characters quite in contrast with little Nell, yet pictured so lucidly, so powerfully that from them all the pupils could get an idea of the great power of Dickens in giving "a masterly realism to the good and ill of every day life " 5. Charles Dickens (1812-1870) born at Portsmouth, England, was bred in London. He first studied law, and then following in the footsteps of his father, became a newspaper man. While so engaged he wrote "Sketches by Boz." His fame began with “Pickwick Papers” published in 1836. "Nicholas Nickleby" and "Oliver Twist" followed, and Dickens was now established as the most popular novelist of the day. A visit to America in 1843 furnished the material for "American Notes" and "Martin Chuzzlewit." The severity of his censures upor certain peculiarities of American life did not seem to lessen his popularity in this country and his second visit in 1867 was the occasion of a welcome of the warmest description. Until his death Dickens continued to delight the English-speaking people of the whole world with his wonderful tales and characterizations. 6. Good reading in school, while the child is young and its habits are in the formative stage, will exert a lasting influence on its reading taste during its after years. The tendency will be constantly to choose that which is good and to discard that which is bad. PHYSIOLOGY -1. Nerve fibers end in nerve cells and in some places the fibers pass through cells and end in other cells. The cells originate nerve force, and the fibers conduct nerve force. 2. A number of men working together for a common purpose can accomplish vastly more than the same number working separately with their energies divided. Cells arranged in groups with distinct and separate functions to perform will accomplish very much more than if every cell working separately had to perform a part of every function. 3. In some systems the tissue denotes the nature of the system; as, Osseous, muscular, etc. In others. structures made up of several tissues constitute a system; as, the circulatory system, made up of the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins. 4. The uppermost vertebra on which the head rests articulates with the second cervical vertebra below, called the axis, which bears the odontoid process, around which it can turn as on a pivot. This arrangement permits much freer motion than is allowed between any of the other vertebrae. (See Advanced Physiology, p 46.) 5. The red corpuscles of the frog have a nucleus; those of mammals do not. Those of a frog, by the division of the nucleus, multiply. Those of mammals do not increase in this way. 6. Animal food is more valuable than vegetable food in producing activity and vigor in whoever or whatever partakes of it. 8. Some are harmless but many are very dangerous, and when their growth starts in the living tissues and in the blood, they produce some of the worst of diseases. (See pages 292 and 293.) SCIENCE OF EDUCATION.-1. It is better to test reading power, whether silent or oral, by using new matter. Pupils often memorize much of the language of a reading lesson, while they are studying it; and they frequently have the language committed when they know very little about the content, and perhaps are not able to acquire much knowledge concerning it. A pupil is thus able readily to express orally the work and know very little about the thought contained. Only by giving new matter can we test the pupil's power to interpret the symbols and express their content 2. The one that interested the pupils in what they did, for they worked out their proficiency by themselves, while that of the pupils of the other teacher was drilled into them. 3. Discipline should be obtained incidentally through work, for order obtained before work begins is not the kind of order that must prevail after the work begins. The first is forced and unnatural and could not last; the latter is the quiet of activity and is healthful and inspiring. 4. Elevation above the sea-level, the surface, direction of winds, rainfall, productions. The physical characteristics that determine productions should be studied before the productions. Before studying the rainfall, we should study that which determines it; as, the surface and direction of the winds. 5. In teaching language lessons the purpose is to give power to use the language; in teaching technical grammar the purpose is to impart a knowledge of the forms and principles of the language. However, in the study of techaic il grammar, the student's power of using the language is much increased ARITHMETIC.-1. Quantity is anything that can be measured; number is a unit, a collection of units or any part of a unit; a figure is a character used to represent a number; a figure is the representative of number. A common fraction is a fraction whose numerator and denominator may be any number. The value of a fraction depends upon the relative value of the numerator and denominator. 2. (a) The meaning of 12; that is, the number of things making 12. (b) All the combinations of things making 12. (c) The relation of the two digits in 12, and their place values. 3. 34-28 34-1/3 =3× 1 =13=%×1/2=33×8=8=.555; Ans. 4. 2X(18+16) X12%1⁄2=850 sq. ft. in walls 2X18X16=576 sq. ft in floor and ceiling. 5. .0525 interest of $1 for 10 mos, 15 das. at 6%. QUERY AND ANSWER DEPARTMENT. This Department is conducted by J. C. GREGG, Superintendent of the Brazil Schools. Direct all matter for this department to him. QUERIES 500. Who was president from April 4th to April 6th, 1841? CURTIS SHOrtridge. 501. A gardener laid off two circles of land, 100 ft. and 75 ft. in diameter, one tangent internally to the other. Beginning at the point of tangency he laid off a quadrant in each on the same side. How far apart are the two corners of the quadrants? WALTER SWIHART. What was the Hampton Roads Conference? D. C. PAYNE. 503. What was known as the Cotton Loan? ID. 504. How much wire of an inch in diameter can be drawn from a sphere of copper 11⁄2 feet in diameter, 4% being allowed for waste? MILO F. HALE. 502. 505. A triangle is inscribed in a circle. The three altitudes of the triangle meet in O. Find the center and radius of the circle which shall bisect every line drawn from O to circumference of the circumscribing circle. C. ANSWERS. 475. South America is not the original home of large animals, and its peculiarly isolated position has prevented the migration of large animals to it. Large animals adapted to a tropical climate, such as lions and tigers, thrive well in South America if allowed to live there. Why large animals did not have their origin in South America instead of the eastern continent, can be accounted for by supposing that the eastern continent first became in a condition to support such animal life. R. L. THIEBaud. 487. This problem gives a right triangle whose sides are x=radius of earth and 1 mile, and the hypotenuse x+8 inches, or x+7920 miles. Solving the triangle we find x=3960 miles nearly. 489. 1⁄2(117+1})=777, the larger fraction. 1⁄2 (117-33)=8, the less fraction. D. M. DEEG. E. S. VANSCovoc. 490. A line drawn from the given point parallel to the sides of the field will divide it into two parts of 16 and 24 acres. Now by cutting off a triangle of 4% acres from the larger part or adding a triangle of 32 acres to the smaller part, we will have 191⁄2 acres. The legs of these triangles are easily found to be 20 ch., 41⁄2 ch. and 20 ch., 31⁄2 ch. Their hypotenuses are 20.50 ch. and 20.304 ch. Two answers. C. 491. Half the chord is a mean proportional between the height of the segment and the rest of the diameter x. Hence we have 4:20 :: 20 x; whence x=100, and x+4=104 the diameter, 52 the radius. ANDREW MARTIN. 492. It was enacted by Congress, Sept 13, 1788 that the new government should go into operation on the first Wednesday in March. This fell on March 4th and it has ever since remained inauguration day. Congress could at any time change this date. JAS. F. HOOD. CREDITS. Wm. Morrison, 487-9-90-2; Chas. Methley, 489-91-2; Jas. F. Hood, 4812-3-4-5-9-90-2; Ed. Wade, 487-9-90-1; D. M. Deeg, 487-9-90-1; Geo.M.Taber 489; Andrew Martin, 487-9-90-1; R. L. Thiebaud, 475-82-3-7-9-90-1; A. M. Conn, 487-9-90-1; Scott Bull, 489.90; M. Woolery, 489-90-2; E. M. Keefe, 489; P T., 487-9-90-1-2; D. C. Payne, 481-2-3-4-9; D. R. Hardman,485-93-4; Walter Swihart, 491; E E. Vanscoyoc, 489; J. R. Simon, 482-4; Lucy Nugent, 482-4; Milo F. Hale, 484. MISCELLANY. INDIANA STATE TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION. THE FORTIETH ANNUAL SESSION WILL BE HELD DEC. 26, 27, 28, 29, 1893, AT INDIANAPOLIS. PROGRAM. TUESDAY, 7:30 P. M.-1. Solo, Miss Lella Parr, Indianapolis. 2. Devotional exercises, conducted by Dr. D. W. Fisher, president Hanover College. 3. Address of retiring president, J. N. Study, superintendent Richmond schools. 4. Inaugural address, President L. O Dale, Wabash. 5. Duet, Misses Emma and Lella Parr, Indianapolis. 6. Paper, "The Coordination of Studies," Howard Sandison, State Normal School. 7. Appointment of committees. 8. Miscellaneous business. WEDNESDAY, 9 A. M −1. Solo, Miss Emma Parr, Indianapolis. 2 Devotional exercises, conducted by Dr. A. R. Benton, Butler University. |