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lowed, that was not divided with as much exactness. The employment might vary, but not the exact attention to the filling up of every hour."

Dr. Carey was another example of the same kind. The historian of the Serampore Mission, who knew him well, says:

"These Herculean labours he was enabled to accomplish without any strain on his constitution, simply by that methodical distribution of his time to which he rigidly adhered through life. His relaxation consisted in turning from one pursuit to another. He was in the habit of remarking that more time was lost by desultory and listless application than even from external interruptions. He made it a rule, therefore, to enter at once with promptitude on the object before him, and to allow nothing to divert his thoughts from it during the time allotted to its performance."-Vol. II. p 288.

"He was a strict economist of time, and the maxim on which he acted was to take care of minutes, and leave the hours to take care of themselves. He never lost a minute when he could help it; and he thus read through every volume of the Universal History' during his periodical journeys to Calcutta on his College duties." p. 478.

"A place for every thing and every thing in its place," is a maxim which should be borne in mind. Todd, referring to Jeremiah Everts, a distinguished worker, says,

"Though his papers filled many shelves when closely tied up, there was not a paper among all his letters, correspondence, editorial matter and the like, which was not labelled and in its place, and open where he could not lay his hand in a moment. I never knew him search for a paper; it was always in its place."

It should be observed that Wesley and Carey did not suffer from their gigantic efforts. Dr. Anderson of the American Board, after alluding to a fine example of industry, says that few men die of steady labour. Spasmodic exertions are a more frequent cause of injury.

Carey's habits were not acquired without severe discipline. He writes, "I have for years been obliged to drag myself on, to subject myself to rules, to impose

the day's work upon myself, to stir myself up to my work; perhaps sometimes several times in an hour, and, after all, to sit down in confusion at my indolence and inertness in all to which I set my hand." He "I think no man living ever felt inertia to so great a degree as I do." At last, however, he could speak as follows to his nephew :—

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Eustace, if, after my removal, any one should think it worth while to write my life, I will give you a criterion by which you may judge of its correctness. If he gives me credit for being a plodder, he will describe me justly. Anything beyond this will be too much. I can plod, I can persevere in any definite pursuit. To this I owe every thing."

Prayerfulness.-This must crown the whole. There is a danger in depending even on the best instrumentalities. Isaac Taylor says, "The kind-hearted schemer, fertile in petty devices for beguiling mankind into virtue, and rich in petty ingenuities-always well-intended, and seldom well-imagined, verily believes that his machineries of instruction or reform require only to be put fairly in play, and they will bring heaven upon earth."* The Missionary will soon find by sad experience, that "Old Adam is too hard for young Melancthon."

The last words of the venerable Eliot were 66 pray, pray, pray!" Ziegenbalg and Plutscho wrote, "We went always to our dear Father in heaven and laid every thing before him in prayer, and we were heard and supported by him both in advice and in deed."† It is recorded of Swartz and his fellow-labourers, "Whenever the Missionaries proceeded on a journey, or returned from one, when they arrived at another Missionary station, or departed from it, their first and last employment was to bend their knees in prayer to Almighty God with all their brethren." It is said of

*Natural History of Enthusiasm, p. 181,
Tranquebar Mission, p. 24.

Ragland, "He was emphatically a man instant in prayer, simple, child-like, confiding prayer, prayer, in every place, and at every time, and for every thing."

Few Missionaries have been more useful than KoThah-byu, the “ Karen Apostle.” His biographer remarks:

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"Should the enquiry still be urged, how is it that a man of such inferior powers should prove himself such as Boanerges as a preacher of the gospel? I answer, he was a man of prayer. His habitual feeling seemed to be, except thou go with me, send me not up hence' of myself I am nothing, and can do nothing, but in the name of the Lord, I can do all things.' It was this feeling of self-distrust that drew him to the mercy-seat and kept him there. I have heard it said of him that he has occasionally spent whole nights in prayer to God. Is it, then, a matter of wonder that such a man should be honoured of his God? That he should have souls given him for his hire ?That he should preach with the demonstration of the Spirit and with power? 'Them that honor me I will honor.' A man may have the talents and eloquence of an angel; but if they are not sanctified by prayer, the essential element of power as a preacher will be wanting, and the word of the Lord will not prove a fire and a hammer to do execution in his hands."*

III. HEALTH.

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Importance-Health demands attention where; but its preservation in India is of special consequence. The climate is depressing, and when even slight bodily ailment is superadded, a person is rendered almost useless. The bracing atmosphere of England often speedily restores health after it has been impaired; but recovery in India is slow, frequently necessitating a visit to the Hills, or a voyage home. Besides, the mortality among Europeans in India is twice or thrice as great as in Britain. It has, however, been satisfactorily proved that the increased death

*The Karen Apostle, p. 70.

ratio has arisen chiefly from disregard of sanitary laws. In several cases Missionaries have been spared to labour upwards of forty years in India, enjoying excellent health.

Season for Landing.-The frightful mortality among European troops in the East some years ago, was due partly to their being despatched without the slightest reference to the time of their arrival. All Mission Secretaries should make careful inquiries on this point. From mere thoughtlessness, a young Missionary may land at Madras when the scorching winds of the Carnatic are setting in; or disembark at Calcutta when the whole of Bengal is a steaming swamp.

Caution about Medicine.-Some persons injure their constitution by taking medicine for trifling illnesses. Many lives are lost by the use of saline purgatives during seasons of cholera. The Hindus, indeed, take medicine when in perfect health to prevent sickness! Nature herself is the best physician. She alone, with proper attention to diet and a little rest, will in most cases of slight disorder restore health.

Prevention better than Cure.-During the last thirty years the death-rate among European troops in India has diminished about one-half. This improvement is mainly due to more attention to sanitary measures. A few directions may be given under different heads.

House. In most cases a Missionary will find a house already provided. If he require to build, the advice of competent friends on the spot should be sought.

Site. Several circumstances require to be taken into account. A house within a town will be most accessible and best known. Unless, however, the compound be of some size, the health may be so affected as more than counterbalance the advantage. Frequently a suitable site can be obtained on the outskirts of the town. The distance should be as near as health will permit.

Where the Mission house is perhaps two miles off, the influence of the Missionary is considerably diminished. An elevated and dry soil should be selected. The most healthy sites are those which from the natural fall, or from the quality of the soil, do not retain moisture. Even where the surface may appear parched up and destitute of vegetation, if it be moist underneath, the locality is to be avoided. Before fixing upon any spot, it is desirable to see it during the rains.

Marshy grounds, and such as are elevated immediately above marshes, and grounds which are exposed to winds and currents passing over marshes, should be shunned.

A house should not be close to a tank. As the water dries up in the hot season, a sheet of mud is exposed. Natives who come to tanks to bathe, cover the banks with filth. Trees should not be in such numbers as to exclude the breeze.

Sir John Lawrence, in his evidence before the sanitary commission, referred to a matter of importance. "In India one great point upon which good health depends is the water; our people very seldom look to the water, but the natives always look to the water in choosing a locality." The natives are excellent judges of water. Consult them about the quality.

Plan.-It has happened not unfrequently that a young Missionary, new to the country and totally ignorant of building, has had to erect a house for himself. Thus great unnecessary expense has been occasioned, and curious specimens of architecture have been the result. If only the builder of the house suffered inconvenience, the matter would be comparatively trifling, and his tastes might be consulted. It is a matter, however, which concerns every future occupant. To provide against this, the American Madura Mission, one of the best organised in India, has a Building Committee. After considerable inquiry, a standard plan has been prepared, following which,

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