The relief of Lucknow had been effected, and we were soon to be free. Sir Colin, while the fire was still very heavy on the afternoon of the 17th, was met by Sir James Outram and General Havelock. A loud, long shout greeted the Generals and their staff as they shook hands, amidst heart-felt cordiality, with Sir Colin Campbell. Proud, indeed, must Sir Colin have been at the success which had crowned all his measures, and which stamped him as one of the first generals of the age. The enemy had been foiled in every instance, and, notwithstanding his desperation, vigilance, and unquestionably excellent maneuvers, had succumbed to the commander-in-chief's superior generalship, and the indomitable valor and undaunted courage of our troops. Sir Colin Campbell received the hearty thanks and congratulations of Sir James with evident satisfaction; and General Havelock, not less delighted and proud, harangued the troops who had so gallant ly carried out all the Commander-in-chief's brilliant maneuvers, in that concise and yet soul-stirring language for which he was so well known by his soldiers. While yet speaking, his attention was drawn to the place where his only son had just fallen, wounded by a musket-ball from the enemy. Though his father's heart must have been bleeding with anguish, and beating with curiosity to know the nature of the wound, the General, with wonderful self-command, continued his discourse without interruption, and then only amidst the cheers of the men, who were unacquainted with the sad event which had just happened, left to visit his wounded son. Fortunately it was only a slight wound, and he soon recovered from the effects of it. Sir Colin Campbell's army remained in occupation of the positions they had taken outside, and we received orders to prepare for leaving orders which took many of us by surprise, for we hoped that the government would not allow the city of Lucknow to remain in possession of the rebels, after all the difficulties and blood expended to enter it. Our noble deliverers had made immense sacrifices to relieve us, and it had cost as many lives as had been saved. The knowledge, however, of Sir Colin's move into Oude having been undertaken with no other view than to aid the beleaguered garrison, still further enhanced our gratitude. THE RELIEF OF LUCKNOW.* About 11 P.M. Ungud, pensioner, returned, bringing us a letter containing the glad tidings that our relieved force, under General Outram, had crossed the Ganges and would arrive in a few days. His arrival, and the cheering news he brought of speedy aid, were well-timed ; for neither our fast-diminishing stores, the vague and uncertain rumors of the advent of reinforcements, nor the daily sights and sounds by which we were surrounded, were calculated to inspire confidence and check desertion among the servants and camp-followers. All the garrison were greatly elated with the news, and on many of the sick and wounded, the speedy prospect of a change of air and security exercised a most beneficial effect. Heavy rain fell about 11 P.M. September 23.-About three A.M. the rain cleared off, and at eleven A.M. the sun came out and the clouds dispersed, and gave promise of fair weather. A smart cannonade was heard in the direction of Cawnpore; several imagined they also heard musketry, and the sound was listened to with the most intense and even painful anxiety by the garrison, who felt assured it must be their friends advancing to their assistance. But it was hardly expected that our force could have advanced so far, owing to the heavy rain which had fallen, and the state in consequence that the roads and country were in; however, at five P.M. another distant cannonade was heard, which last for half an hour, and which appeared much nearer than before; this elicited many and divers opinions, and created the greatest possible excitement. Throughout the day, large bodies of troops with guns and ammunition wagons were seen moving about in the city, in the early part of the day to the right, and later, in large bodies to the left. In the afternoon, the enemy placed a gun in position, facing down the Kass bazaar street, with what object it was impossible *The Defense of Lucknow. A Diary recording the Daily Events during the Siege of the European Re sidency, from 31st May to 25th September, 1357. By a Staff Officer. With a Plan of the Residency. 16mo, 224 pp. London: Smith, Elder & Co. to say. We threw many shells into the city during the day among the parties of the enemy seen moving about. At nine P.M. heavy rain began, and fell for two hours. commenced leaving with bundles of clothes, etc., on their heads, and took the direction of cantonments across the different bridges. At 2 P.M., armed men and Sepoys commenced to follow them, accomSeptember 24.-Every thing most un-panied by large bodies of irregular cavalusually quiet throughout the night, and only one or two cannon-shot were fired early in the morning. A considerable body of cavalry were seen moving to the right through the city, and about half past eight A.M. a distant cannonade was heard, which continued nearly all day. We had no news of any kind, and the anxiety of the garrison was very great. During the morning, large bodies of the enemy were seen moving through the city to the right and left. Ensign Hewitt, of the 41st Regiment Native Infantry, was slightly contused on the head by bricks struck out of a wall by a round-shot. At eight P.M. the enemy made a false attack on the Cawnpore battery, keeping up a heavy cannonade and musketry fire, which lasted for about half an hour, after which all became moderately quiet. During the night guns were heard in the direction of the Cawnpore road, and the flash of them could be very distinctly seen; they were supposed to be about seven miles distant. September 25.-A very unquiet night. Two alarms, one at half past one A.M., and another at four A.M. The whole garrison was under arms nearly the whole night. A very great disturbance in the city, in the direction of Mr. Gubbins' post especially. To the very great regret of the garrison, Captain Radcliffe, of the 7th Light Cavalry, was dangerously wounded while in command of the Cawnpore battery. About ten A.M. a messenger came in, bringing a letter of the 16th instant from General Outram, dated Cawnpore, announcing his being about to cross over to this side of the Ganges, and march on to Lucknow. The messenger could give no account of our force, beyond its having reached the outskirts of the city. About 11 A.M., nearly all sound of firing had ceased, but increased agitation was visible among the people in the town, in which two large fires were seen. An hour later, the sound of musketry and the smoke of guns was distinctly perceived within the limits of the city. All the garrison was on the alert, and the excite ment amongst many of the officers and soldiers was quite painful to witness. At 1:30 P.M., many of the people of the city ry. Every gun and mortar that could be brought to bear on the evidently retreating enemy, was fired as fast as possible, for at least an hour and a half. The enemy's bridge of boats had evidently been destroyed and broken away, for many were seen swimming across the river, most of them cavalry, with their horses' bridles in their hands. Strange to relate, during all this apparent panic, the guns of the enemy in position all round us kept up a heavy cannonade, and the matchlockmen or riflemen never ceased firing from their respective loop-holes. At 4 P.M. report was made that some officers dressed in shooting-coats and solah caps, a regiment of Europeans in blue pantaloons and shirts, and a bullock battery, were seen near Mr. Martin's house and the Motee Muhal. At 5 P.M., volleys of musketry, rapidly growing louder, were heard in the city. But soon the firing of a Minié ball over our heads gave notice of the still nearer approach of our friends; of whom as yet little or nothing had been seen, though the enemy were to be seen firing heavily on them from many of the roofs of the houses. Five minutes later, and our troops were seen fighting their way through one of the principal streets; and though men fell at almost every step, yet nothing could withstand the headlong gallantry of our reinforcements. Once fairly SEEN, all our doubts and fears regarding them were ended: and then the garrison's long pent-up feelings of anxiety and suspense burst forth in a succession of deafening cheers; from every pit, trench, and battery-from behind the sand-bags piled on shattered houses-from every post still held by a few gallant spirits, rose cheer on cheereven from the hospital! Many of the wounded crawled forth to join in that glad shout of welcome to those who had so bravely come to our assistance. It was a moment never to be forgotten. Soon all the rear guard and heavy guns were inside our position; and then ensued a scene which baffles description. For eighty-seven days the Lucknow garrison had lived in utter ignorance of all that had taken place outside. Wives who had long mourned their husbands as dead, were again restored to them; others, fondly looking forward to glad meetings with those near and dear to them, now for the first time learned that they were alone. On all sides eager inquiries for relations and friends were made. Alas! in too many instances the answer was a painful one. forcing their way through the city indeed, the losses were so heavy, that they could effect nothing towards our relief; as the enemy were in overpowering force, and the position having been extended, in order to accommodate as far as possible our great increase in numbers, and the guns that were in our vicinity having been captured at considerable loss to ourThe force under the command of Gene- selves, we remained on three-quarter ra ral Sir J. Outram, G.C.B., came to our as- tions, as closely besieged as before, until sistance at a heavy sacrifice to themselves. the 22d November, when the garrison Of 2600 who left Cawnpore, nearly one were finally relieved by the army under third was either killed or wounded in the Commander-in-chief. From Titan. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SIR HENRY HAVELOCK.* HAVELOCK'S RELIGIOUS TRAINING. As with so many others, the religious impressions of Havelock were traceable to the influence and the efforts of his mother when he was a little boy. It was her custom to assemble her children for reading the Scriptures and prayer in her own room. Henry was always of the party whenever he was at home, and in course of time he was expected to take the reading, which he generally did. It impressed him; and under these pleasant circumstances he knew, like Timothy, the Holy Scriptures from a child. After the death of his mother, his religious feelings fluctuated considerably, and he became dissatisfied with the generally-received opinions of the character and the work of Christ. It was necessary for him, with his uneasiness of mind, to go thoroughly into that question. He listened to the arguments which were addressed to him against the divinity and the atonement of the Saviour, and at one time thought that *A Biographical Sketch of Sir Henry Havelock, K.C.B. By the Rev. W. Brock. Fcap. 8vo, 288 pp. London: James Nisbet & Co. they were conclusive. He might almost have been claimed as a believer in the Unitarian creed. Subsequent investigations, however, convinced him that he had been committing some great mistakes. He had been forgetting that his business was not with that which was antecedently probable about Christ, but with that which was actually written about him in the Old and New Testaments. He had been overlooking the obligation to take the entire testimony of Scripture, and to accept every thing which, when honestly interpreted, it is found to teach. Because he could not understand how Jesus Christ could be both human and divine, he had pronounced that he could not be sothat such union was impossible and absurd. But no sooner did he recognize the authoritative nature of the divine oracles, and the corresponding duty of receiving their communications on the subject without objection, than he renounced all his disbelief and doubt, and held fast. to the doctrine, that whilst his Saviour is the man Christ Jesus, he is at the same time over all God blessed for evermore. THE ENCOUNTERS WITH NANA SAHIB. The bugle-notes rung clearly out, through the mango groves on the Pandoo Nuddee, and wakened the weary soldiers long ere the morning of the 16th was gray. A welcome rumor had run through their lines on the previous night. It bore to them the good tidings that the wives and children of their foully-slaughtered comrades and friends still lived in Cawnpore. They knew the road was long, and the fields of maize were heavy and soft. They knew that the rain would fall in torrents, or the sun would beat on them with scorching heat. They knew that many times their number of well-armed men stood between them and those whom they had hoped to save. But they knew not that of those women and little children many were already massacred, whilst others at the time were expiring amidst the throes and throbbings of a lingering and yet procrastinated death. Cheerily, therefore, they rose from their pillows of earth, girt on their armor and their knapsacks, and light of heart, and strong in hope, they made their way through the darkness, thinking not then of country or of honor, so much as that they were the defenders of the widow and the orphan. Havelock had learned that Nana Sahib had taken up a position at the village of Ahirwa, where the Grand Trunk Road unites with that which leads direct to the military encampment of Cawnpore. He found his intrenchments had cut and rendered impassable both roads, and his guns, seven in number, (two light and five siege caliber,) were disposed along his position, which consisted of a series of villages. Behind these his infantry, consisting of mutinous troops and his own armed followers, was disposed for defense. It was evident that an attack in front would expose the British to a murderous fire from his heavy guns sheltered in his intrenchment. The General resolved, therefore, to maneuver in order to turn his left. The camp and baggage were cordingly kept back, under proper escort, at the village of Maharajpoor, while he halted his troops there two or three hours in the mango groves, to cook and gain shelter from a burning sun. of whom was the central battery of six guns under Captain Maude. The 64th and 84th had two guns more in their rear, and the Regiment of Ferozepore closed the column. The troops defiling at a steady pace, soon changed direction, and began to circle round the enemy's left. They were shrouded for some time by clumps of mango; but as soon as the enemy comprehended the object of their march, an evident sensation was created in his lines. He pushed forward on his left a large body of horse, and opened a fire of shot and shell from the whole of his guns. But he was evidently disconcerted by the advance on his flank, and anxious for his communication with Cawnpore. Havelock's troops continued their progress until his left was wholly opened to attack, and then forming line, advanced in direct echelon of regiments and batteries from the right. A wing of the Fusiliers again covered the advance, extended as riflemen. "The opportunity had arrived," says Havelock, "for which I had long anxiously waited, of developing the prowess of the 78th Highlanders. Three guns of the enemy were strongly posted behind a lofty hamlet, well entrenched. I directed this regiment to advance, and never did I witness conduct more admirable. They were led by Colonel Hamilton, and followed him with surpassing steadiness and gallantry under a heavy fire. As they approached the village, they cheered and charged with the bayonet, the pipes sounding the pibroch. Need I add that the enemy fled, the village was taken, and the guns captured ?" The Highlanders had never fought in that quarter of India before, and their character was unknown to the foe. Their advance has been described by spectators as a beautiful illustration of the power of discipline. With sloped arms, and rapid tread through the broken and heavy lands, and through the well-directed fire of artillery and musketry, linked in their unfaltering lines, they followed their ac-mounted leaders, the mark for many rifles. They did not pause to fire-did not even cheer; no sound from them was heard as that living wall came on and on, to conquer or to die. Now they are near the village; but their enemies occupy every house, and from every point a galling fire is poured on them from the heavy guns. The men lie down till the The column then moved off, right in front. The Fusiliers led, followed by two guns; then came the Highlanders, in rear iron storm passes over. It was but for a moment. The General gave the word, "Rise up! advance!" and wild cheers rung out from those brave lines-wilder even than their fatal fire within a hundred yards; and the pipes sounded the martial pibroch, heard so often as earth's latest music by dying men. The men sprung up the hill, covered by the smoke of their crushing volley, almost with the speed of their own bullets; over and through all obstacles the gleaming bayonets advanced; and then followed those moments of personal struggle, not often protracted, when the Mahratta learned, too late for life, the power of the Northern arm. The position was theirs. All that stood between them and the guns fled the field or was cut down. General Havelock was with his men. Excited by the scene, some letter-writers say that he exclaimed: "Well done, 78th. You shall be my own regiment. Another charge like that will win the day." Nor was the gallant 64th behind. Charging with equal bravery another village on the left, and firing four volleys as they rapidly advanced up the rising ground, they soon made the place their own, and captured its three guns. "The enemy's infantry," continues Havelock, "appeared to be every where in full retreat, and I had ordered the fire to cease, when a reserve 24-pounder was opened on the Cawnpore Road, which caused considerable loss to my force; and, under cover of its fire, two large bodies of cavalry at the same time riding insolently over the plain, their infantry once more rallied. The beating of their large drums, and numerous mounted officers in front, announced the definitive struggle of the 'Nana' for his usurped dominion. "I bad previously ordered my Volunteer Cavalry to adventure a charge on a more advanced part of the enemy's horse, and I have the satisfaction to report that they conducted themselves most creditably. One of their number, Mr. Carr, was killed in the charge. "But the final crisis approached. My artillery cattle, wearied by the length of the march, could not bring up the guns to my assistance; and the 1st Madras Fusiliers, 64th, 84th, and 78th detachments, formed in line, were exposed to a heavy fire from the 24-pounder on the road. I was resolved this state of things should not last; so, calling upon my men, who were lying down in line, to leap on their feet, I directed another steady advance. It was irresistible. The enemy sent round-shot into our ranks until we were within 300 yards, and then poured in grape with such precision and determination as I have seldom witnessed. But the 64th, led by Major Stirling and my aide-de-camp, who had placed himself in their front, were not to be denied. Their rear showed the ground strewed with wounded; but on they steadily and silently came, then with a cheer charged, and captured the unwieldy trophy of their valor. The enemy lost all heart, and after a hurried fire of musketry, gave way in total rout. Four of my guns came up and completed their discomfiture by a heavy cannonade; and, as it grew dark, the roofless barracks of our Artillery were dimly descried in advance, and it was evident that Cawnpore was once more in our possession." "Such," says the author of 'The Indian Mutiny," "was the battle of Cawnpore, in which 1000 British troops, and 300 Sikhs, laboring under every disadvantage, a powerful sun over their heads, a merciless enemy in their front, strongly intrenched, without cavalry, and with an artillery of inferior weight, defeated 5000 native troops, armed and trained by our own officers. Perhaps in no action that ever was fought was the superior power of arrangement, moral force, personal daring, and physical strength of the European over the Asiatic, more apparent. The rebels fought well; many of them did not flinch from a hand-to-hand encounter with our troops; they stood well to their guns, served them with accuracy; but yet, in spite of this, of their strong position, of their disproportionate excess in number, they were beaten." And now the bugle sounds; this time to rest. The wounded were gathered together and cared for. The sentries commenced their nightly watch, the overwrought soldiers soundly slept for many hours, when a crash that shook the earth awoke them: Nana Sahib had blown up the Cawnpore magazine, and abandoned the place. The following general order, issued on the morning after the battle, and one of the last General Havelock penned, must now possess a melancholy interest: "Cawnpore, won by Lord Lake in 1803, |