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mitted, that when fuch frenuous efforts are made, and when meafures are purfuing, which may render the future fupply of Weft ladian fugar at leaft problematical, it may be high time to look out for a fupply of fo neceffary an article elsewhere.

The writer urges many reafons for terminating the monopoly of our trade to the Eaft, or at leaft for transferring it to a company purely mercantile.

SLAVE TRADE.

Art. 20. Subftance of a Speech intended to have been made on Mr. Wilberforce's Motion for the Abolition of the Slave-Trade, April 3d, 1792: but the Unwillingness of the Committee to hear any Thing farther on the Subject, after Mr. Pitt had spoken, prevented the Member from being heard. 8vo. pp. 76. 19. 6d. Owen, Piccadilly.

This intended fpech may gain more attention in print, than in an affembly of men whofe imaginations are heated by declamatory addrefs to the paffions The writer combats the idea that the voice of the people demanded the abolition of the flave-trade, by giving Colonel Tarleton's reprefentation of the difingenuous mode by which the fenfe of the people has been obtained: that is, from those who know no more of the furje than they have been taught by the industrious circulation of garbled and partial accounts of it. He turns the evidence and arguments against this trade entirely against the abolitionists; for example:

A Right Hon Gentleman, whofe weight with the Houfe is defervedly great, and whofe abilities and eloquence are fufficient to make the worse appear the better cauje, has exerted both in support of the motion. He has endeavoured to fhew, that the abolition of this trade cannot be injurious to our Weft India colonies, "because it appears we are able now to keep up the prefent ftock by the number of births, which, upon an average in all the islands, equal, if they do not exceed the deaths." But permit me to obferve to this Committee, that if there be already a fufficient number of Negroes in our colonies, this argument proves too much-there would be no need to abolish a trade which would end of itself, because there would be no market for the flaves in the West Indies, and confequently no perfon would bring them over.'

He fhews, from the favage manners of the Africans, which are too well known to be doubted, that whatever may be the abstract fpeculative merits of fuch a trade, it is a pofitive act of humanity to carry any human beings out of the country; and that even the late interference in regulating flave fhips, is likely to occafion violent outrages against humanity. The circumftances of the following ftory are too natural to be doubted:

A captain of a trading fhip had a young woman with a child at her bread brought to him to purchase, which he refused, as by the late regulation fuch child would be reckoned among the number he was permitted to carry. Some few days after, one of his officers

C *Mr. Pitt.'

purchafed

purchased a young woman, who having a breast full of milk, and appearing melancholy, the captain endeavoured, by his linguit, to learn the cause; he found that this poor woman was the fame he had refused fome little time before. Her owner had taken her away, murdered the infant, and brought her back without the child. The gentle abolitionists may glory in their humanity.-The barbarous fave captain told the tory with the most lively fentiments of regret.

If this horrid tranfa&tion happened in confequence of regulation, and many others of the fame fort will undoubtedly happen, which we fhall know nothing of, the confequences of abolition will be a thousand times worfe; in proof of which we refer to the hiftories of Africa, the evidence on your table, and the affidavit annexed.' We shall close this article by a tranfcript of the following cbfervation:

The only rational mode of abolishing the flave trade, is to increafe the population in the Weft Indies; and the mode of doing fo, in the fpeediet and most effectual manner, is by increafing the importation of young women. When by that means you have as many Negroes in the colonies as you have occafion for, the trade to Africa for them will end of courle. This will be a gradual abolition, and the only mode by which a gradual abolition can take place, confitent with justice or humanity. In time, this will alo abolish fervitude-for it is an abule of the word, to call the condition of the Negroes in the West Indies, flavery.

Art. 21. A Letter to Bache Heathcote, Efq. on the fatal Confequences of Abolishing the Slave Trade, both to England, and her American Colonies. By Henry Redhead, Efq. 8vo. pp. 80. 25. Stockdale. 1792.

This is another fenfib e confideration of the flave trade, fo far as it goes, but it does not enter into an abstract difcuffion of the leading question agitated by the abolitioners. How fatal the abolition of the trade may prove to England, to her American colonies, or even to the poor wretches in Africa who are the objects of this trade, are matters furely not beneath the notice of thefe gentlemen, while they plead that the rights of man are invaded by it! Art. 22. Thoughts in favour of the Abolition of the Slave Trade, and the Emancipation of the Negroes, refpectfully intcribed to the Honourable Houfe of Commons. By Francis Stone, M. A. F. S. A. Rector of Cold-Norton, Effex. 8vo. PP. 35.

IS. Stalker.

Mr. Stone, moft probably, means well: but when a parochial clergyman, who has immediate duties enough on his hands, wanders into a fubject embracing 10 many circumitances and confiderations foreign to his knowlege and profeffional studies, he mutt neceffarily treat it fuperficially: efpecially when he is difpofed to indulge in a little ludicrous innocent fun on a ferious fubject.' (P. 19.) Art. 23. The Interim; or, Thoughts on the Traffic of West India Slaves; and on fome other Slaves, not lefs worthy of Compaf

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fion;

fion; with an Addrefs to Mr. Wilberforce. By Homo. 8va. PP. 33. 15. Printed at Newark; and fold by Gardner, &c. in London. 1792.

Thefe are confeffedly the hally undigested thoughts of an old man of nearly fourfcore; who pleads, in extenuation of their having no accuracy, no correctness,' the expediency of their appearing before the day when Mr. Wilberforce was to introduce his bill into the House of Commons! Alas, he might have husbanded his reflections to amufe himfelf and a few of his neighbours over their pipes, without the leat public injury. His favings, in paper and print, would have fupplied ale and tobacco for two or three months.

Art. 24. Reasons for not figning the Petition; or, The Abolition Scheme taken into cool and candid Confideration. By a private difinterested Perfon, independent and unconnected with any Sect or Party. 8vo. pp. 48. Is. 6d. Printed at Leominster; and

fold by Evans, in London.

Thefe reafons, it feems, were at first feparately published in three parts, at 6d. each, and claffed under Natural, Moral, and Political Reasons, for not figning the petition. In the preface to the third of thefe parts, the writer fays, If I could have had a little more time, (my thoughts croud in fo faft,) I could have foon fwelled this little treatife to four times the fize: but perhaps I have faid too much already.' In this conclufion, we cordially join. This odd kind of a writer, who nevertheless really appears to mean well, and, in his way, ftarts now and then fome home truths, gives up the whole Negroe race to flavery, as the juft doom of the worthlefs defcendants of the accurfed Ham! We wish he would take a ride over to Newark, and fmoke a pipe with the preceding old gentleman; they would, between them, fettle this question admirably! Art. 25. An Appeal to the Candour and Justice of the People of England, in Behalf of the Weit India Merchants and Planters, founded on plain Facts and incontrovertible Arguments. Svo. pp. 118. 2s. 6d. Debrett. 1792.

This appeal is a republication of the petition of the West India merchants and planters, with an abftract of the fpeeches of Mess. Bailey, Vaughan, Tarleton, Jenkinson, and Dundas, against the motion for the abolition; concerning which nothing need be added. Art. 26. Remarks on the New Sugar Bill, and on the National Compacts refpecting the Sugar-Trade and Slave-Trade. PP. 99. 15. 64. Johnfon. 1792.

The caufe of the planters is here pleaded against the refiners, in thefe points where they really do, or are thought to, interfere: but as we are neither planters nor refiners, we will not attempt to afcertain the merits of profeffional mysteries. The author remonftrates against the verfatility of parliament in colonial regulations, and efpecially in the fudden alarm raifed against the ule of Negroe lives; and as one novelty introduces another, and as, whatever may be the fate of the abolition-bill, he fuppofes the prejudice will not wear out, he recommends the inviting over Chinese fervants to

Supply

fupply their place, the Chinese national character being confidered as favourable to the theme of fubftitution. Men, (he truly obferves,) love to be righteous at the expence of other people, and acting upon each other is held equivalent to acting for themselves."

Something, however, has been faved from fhipwreck in the conteft; calumnies on the colonists have been fomewhat difcredited; the poffibility of obtaining white men to labour in tropical countries is given up; the flavery actually fubfifting in the islands feems allowed to remain untouched; and the Negroes are agreed to be unfit for prefent emancipation. In fhort, the abolition of flavery itfelf in the islands is left to its own fate; and, as the children of the West Indians, wherever fent out of the islands for education, will be made afhamed, if not averfe, with respect to the poffeffion of flaves, one of two things will happen; either flavery will become fo mild, as only to be fuch in name; or it will be formally abolished, as heretofore in Europe, by the decifion of those who are interested in it; and thus fuffer what Mr. Hume would call an Euthanafia,

On this difficult fubject, it might tend greatly to compofe difturbed minds, if we could, according to a hint started by another writer, abolish the term Negroe Slaves, and call them by fome more focial appellation: as we doat fo much on all new fashions*, even fo flight an alteration, could it be made current, might reftore our relish for fugar and tobacco.

IRELAND.

Art. 27. A Letter to the Societies of United Irishmen, of the Town of Belfast, upon the Subject of certain Apprehenfions which have ariten from a propofed Restoration of Catholic Rights. By William Todd Jones, Efq. With the Declaration of the Catholic Society of Dublin, and fome Thoughts on the prefent Politics of Ireland. By Theobald M'Kenna, M. D. 8vo. Pp. 189. 3s. 6d. fewed. Robinfons. 1792.

This is one of thofe publications that do honour to the prefent age, and which, as friends to the happiness of mankind, we announce with pleasure. Mr. Jones, a Proteftant, here offers himself to the notice of the public, as an able and ftrenuous advocate for the long profcribed and perfecuted Catholics of Ireland. He has evidently given the fabject much thought, and the refult is, that. he confiders the penal laws against the Catholics as a profligate, mitken, paflionate, and impolitic farrago of ftatutes of penalty and disqualification;' and he argues with great earnestnefs for their repeal, contending, that the entire abolition of these ftatutes against the Catholics is only wanting to convert ireland into the most opulent and most happy kingdom in Europe:-but it has been objected against the propofed emancipation of the Irish Catholics, "that, if

*That coarte vulgar word breeches has been abolished in favour of /mall cloaths; yet, as the correspondence may appear too clofe between jmall cloaths and petticoats, we anxioully wait the decifion of the polite on this intereiting fubject!

they are restored to the legiflative faculty of the conflitution, they will revive the court of claims, and inititute an inquiry into defective titles, and an invitation of re-affumption to ancient proprietors." This pofition Mr. Jones ridicules as extravagant and impracticable. He gives us a very melancholy picture of the state of the poor Catholics in Ireland; recalls to our recollection the horrid perfecutions of the Catholics by the Proteftants; and proves that Religion, or at leaft fomething which has hitherto affumed her facred name, bas been a fcourge and a fword to our fitter Ireland. When will Chrif tians learn the first maxim of the gospel, to love one another! When will rulers profit by the hiftory of perfecution, and allow religion to be a cement to, inflead of friving to make it a principle of repulsion among, the particles compoing the mass of civil fociety!

Dr. M'Kenna, who is a fpirited and fenfible writer, prophefies that an energy of character is now rifing among the Catholics of Ireland, and that the period of their emancipation is not far diftant,

May he be a true prophet!-and may peace, and love, and liberality of neat and mind, prove the everlating cement of the filler kingdoms!

MEDICA L.

Art. 28. A Treatise on the Management of Female Breasts during Childbed and feveral new Obfervations on Cancerous Difeater, with Prefcriptions: to which are added, Remarks on Pretenders to the Cure of the Cancer. By William Rowley, M. D. Member of the University of Oxford, the Royal College of Phyficians in London, &c. 2d Edit. 8vo. pp. 113. 2s. Wiegrave. 1790. This Treatife poffeffes little reafoning and no order; while it abounds in unfatisfactory affertions.-Dr. Rowley's plan of removing cancerous complaints, is, by perfifting in a long coule of mineral alteratives. Speaking of thefe medicines in cancers of the uterus, he delivers himfelf with more than ufual modetly:

• From this confideration I was induced to attempt a more rational plan of cure, by uniting the fulphureous antimonials with the preparations of hydrargyrus. In all the cafes where I have been confulted, I have never yet feen patients cured by any other methods; but by mineral alteratives, given in very small doses, and repeated now and then, an unfortunate victim to this horrid difeafe has been fnatched from death, and pofitively cured.

The remedies i have used are,

Cinnabar antimonii.

-- factitium, which are nearly the fame.

Ethiops mineralis.

- antimonialis.

Hydrargyrus and antincnial falphurs.

Sulphur antimorii præcipit. cum aquila alba.

Kermes mineralis.

Nitrum puriffimum.

Merc. dulc. xij. cies fub. & lotus cum fulph, aurat. ant. long

rubbed together.

Camphora.

Neutral falis.

Antimonialia.

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