First wind the Mohair on a Book to keep it straight, then simply make a loop, and pull one loop through the other with the fingers, not with any hook, but each loop should be nearly, if not quite, the size of a threepenny piece. When sufficient of this chain is made, and it will take nearly the whole piece, take the Ribbon Wire and cut off 3 inches, which is of no use, double it in half, and sew the two edges of the Wire together to within 4 inches of each end; then fasten the two cut ends neatly together, open these spaces at each end that are not sewed together by the edges, and bind the whole neatly with the ribbon so that the stitches are not seen through to the side which goes next the head. Now begin at the extreme end of one of the bowed ends to sew on with fine black cotton the chain of Mohair in doubled loops, each loop, when doubled, to be of the length of the finger, decrease these loops in size after the first three at the end, till the part where the edges of the Wire are sewed together, which part goes across the head; then cut off the Mohair, and begin to loop it again in the same place as at first, only looping on the second wire of the bowed end, and continue the same as on the first wire. Over the front let the loops be small and very flat, unless preferred otherwise, and when at the termination of this part of the wire, cut the Mohair off, and loop it on the remaining end, the same as the first.

A CHESS-BOARD IN ANGLO-JAPANESE WORK.
BY MRS. WARREN.

"A polish'd board, with differing colours grac'd,
Squares eight times eight in equal order lie."

IN selecting the material for the Chess-board, or Table, it is necessary that the wood be perfectly dry and of close grain, otherwise it will be liable to warp. The border on the outside of the squares may be made of oak, ivy, or currant leaves, interspersed with more light foliage, but the covered squares should have the thinnest leaves, such as hemlock, wild carrot, and wild parsley, otherwise the pieces will be obstructed in moving them, or the surface will be rendered liable to be scratched. If the article be a Chess-table, let the pedestal be covered with good bold leaves, so as to give greater effect to the finer foliage on the top. Observe the same process as directed for the Box in last Number.

THE EASTERN OR FOREIGN NAVE.-The visitor, upon entering at the eastern entrance of the building, finds himself in the midst of the territory occupied in this Hall of Nations by our transatlantic friends, and will, no doubt, feel somewhat disappointed at the comparatively bare appearance which their department présents. In the centre of the nave, opposite the space occupied by the United States, is a huge wood and iron bridge-while, as if to represent grace by the side of force, there is the beautiful chef d'œuvre of American art, the figure of the Female Slave, kindly allowed to be exhibited by Mr. Grant,

its owner, at the earnest request of the American commissioners. In this part of the Exhibition, however, great incompleteness prevails, the Americans having apparently claimed far more space than they are able properly to fill. They have taken about a dozen capacious compartments, and they have occupied them in a mercantile matter-of-fact kind of way, giving to them more the look of a display of goods for purchase than of articles of taste and art for exhibition. Thus, there is a lamp stall, presenting some scores of lamps, all pretty much the same, and many precisely the same, in pattern and in size; so of a shoe stall and a harness stall, and a pistol stall, and so forth. There are in these compartments hardly any which can be called works of art, unless we include under that head, bowie-knives, hatchets, and revolvers. In the galleries of these compartments nothing seems forthcoming to fill them. They are in some degree relieved, however, at the back, by some splendid specimens of decorative printed paper-hangings, some by English artists, as Horne and Scott; others by French, as Laurent and D'Almaine. These decorations are extended down

romeo, moreover, having been a cardinal, has the
insignia of that dignity in addition to that of arch-
bishop. In the Belgium gallery the back-ground is
formed (and in one or two of the ground-floor com-
partments, as also in some of those of France) by
splendid carpets of the most gorgeous colours and
pattern; and the fore-ground is filled up with glass-
cases exhibiting the beautiful Brussels lace, with its
gossamer-like fineness, and delicate texture, and
exquisite embellishment. On the ground-floor the
fronts of the Belgian compartments present a variety
of most attractive works of taste and art, and are
some of the best filled in the Exhibition.
We were
especially struck with the marble sculpture and the
carving in wood; both seemed unsurpassed, and the
latter utterly unrivalled.

behind a portion of the south side gallery, forming a pleasing back-ground, while on the other side one still more effective is supplied in the stained glass furnished by Wailes, of Newcastle, by Bailey, M'Connor, and other English artists, and some foreign ones. Returning-adhering, however, to the American compartments-we may mention that one of them is devoted to carriage equipages, which are certainly extremely light and elegant. Next to the American compartments come those of the North of Europe-Russia, Sweden and Norway, and Denmark. Russia is at present a blank (the whole of the goods not having arrived or not being unpacked, some splendid candelabra and vases merely serving as specimens), and the compartments bearing the names of the Scandinavian countries not containing anything (except a few sculptures, which seem The French compartments, which come next, fine) to arrest the cursory glance of the visitor. In- although unfinished, are still sufficiently advanced to deed, these compartments are partly, if not princi- indicate what they will be, and to excite expectation pally, occupied by the goods of the Zollverein, which, to the utmost. On the south side they are most brilin reality, extend over at least twelve compartments, liant; those on the north side being occupied with about six on each side. This is one of the most articles more or less ornamental; and the versatility attractive portions of the Exhibition, comprising, as of French artificers, and the taste of French artists, it does, Saxony, Prussia, and Wurtemburg, and in afford an exhaustless field for display. And this disgeneral, the North of Germany. The front portions play is in itself so brilliant, that it does not seem at of the compartments are very tastefully arranged, a all the less so by reason of the close juxtaposition of remark which applies to all the compartments except the beautiful expositions of Austria and Belgium; the those of America; and, indeed, in an artistic point of former with its superb porcelains on one side, and its view-at all events in artistic arrangement-the splendid works in Bohemian glass on the other; and foreign compartments seem superior to the English. the latter with its exquisite sculpture in stone and There are an elegant hanging of the drapery, and a carving in wood. France fills her compartments on graceful grouping of the articles, which give them a the south side with works of art equally observable very tasteful effect; and this is heightened in the case for their variety, their value, and their beauty. One of the Zollverein compartments by the stained glass exhibits an array of glorious tapestries; another, a behind. These compartments are, however, by no dazzling blaze of gorgeous gilding: here, on a ground means finished, yet enough can be seen of Saxony to of dark green velvet drapery, you see beautiful black predict a severe contest with our woollen and other cabinets inimitably decorated; there, before a warm manufactures; while on the other hand, the rivalry and graceful crimson drapery, are displayed some of is great between Prussia and Austria, or between that elegant embellishment in carved cornices or Austria and Prussia and France on the one side, and decorated panelling, which has so long distinguished between England and France on the other. Here France, especially since the days of Louis Quatorze. probably will after all be the main pith of the con- One compartment is composed of a kind of fancy temple test-the chief struggle of national emulation. We made up of beautiful shawls; another is gay and glismust not omit to mention, among the various curious tening with choicest silks; a third exhibits in the forecontributions of the Zollverein, models of the castle ground the richest bijouterie, and gleams behind in all of Rosenau in which Prince Albert was born, and of the glory of the most splendid plate and the most superb the castle of Heidelberg. The former excites a porcelain. There is hardly any department of artistic great deal of interest. The Austrian compartments skill and taste in which France does not challenge present a splendid appearance. On the south admiration; and the immense variety and exquisite side there are superb expositions of vases, and simi- beauty of her contributions, even as at present dislar articles in the beautiful Bohemian glass; and on closed, equally defy description. Another is filled the other side are innumerable valuable articles of with the finest shawls, both in pattern and texture, vertù. The chief portion of the interior of the Aus- that fancy could conceive!-Next comes Switzerland, trian compartments is occupied by a complete suite with her three modest-looking compartments, not at of rooms furnished in a most superb style, after the all striking in their exterior appearance, but, to the Austrian fashion, the floors laid beautifully in polished ladies at least, highly attractive inside. One of the oak-the tables, chairs, and libraries, the bedsteads, three compartments is lined with a dwarf glass-case, and the cabinets, massive masterpieces of workman- in bright brass framework, divided into a double ship-in a word, beyond all power of description, series of sixty small compartments (120 in all), each valuable in material, and gorgeous in decora- containing on an average specimens of four species of tion. Nor is this all: Austria is aided by Italy, ribbon, all different, of course, and all of rich and and on each side some portion of her compartments choice character; thus comprising nearly 500 sepaare occupied by some of the most exquisite achieve-rate patterns, all to be inspected at a glance. It ments of Italian art; on the north side principally is only possible to mention some striking feature or in painting, on the south side chiefly in sculpture. two-such as the gilding, the decoration, the fancy Belgium, with her six compartments, interposes be- work, the silks and the shawls. The display of tween Austria and France, and is no mean opponent gilded work in cornices, picture-frames, mirrors, chanof both. We should mention that a portion of the deliers, and a hundred other forms, is unsurpassed north gallery compartments of these three countries alike in splendour and in number. The silks and are occupied, and contain some of the most interest- shawls are alone a magnificent exposition; in silk she ing objects in the Exhibition. In the Austrian gal- seems rivalled only by Italy, and in shawls she comlery, Vanhale, the great ecclesiastical embroiderer, petes even with the East. The light aspect of the proexhibits in three glass cases figures of St. Thomas of ductions of Switzerland contrasts very strikingly with Canterbury, St. Charles Borromeo, and the late that of Tunis, which adjoins with its noble Oriental Archbishop of Paris—all arrayed in full archiepiscopal shawls in the front, and behind a vast display of curious attire, according to the age and country in which and magnificent apparel. Next comes China, with its they respectively lived, with mitre and crosier, and well-known mixture of the graceful and the grotesque. all other insignia of their dignity. St. Charles Bor-Crossing the nave to the north side, appears Persia,

with her gorgeous embroideries of scarlet and gold: and then Turkey, with her superb trappings, weighty with gold. Soon we reach Spain, whose compartments have a sort of proud simplicity unconsciously characteristic, for on one side we see in a glass case a few Toledo blades, and in a similar one on the other the celebrated Andalusian veil, its black lace thrown over a dress of bright orange silk. The Toledo sword-case contains some weapons of unexampled beauty and fineness of temper, some of them being so flexible as to form complete circles when thrust home into their sheaths. Spain has, moreover, one of the grandest things in the Exhibition. It is a superb piece of work in brass, in silver, in gold, and precious stones, called in the catalogue the "custodia" (or monstrance in which the Host is exposed to Roman Catholic veneration during the rite of" Benediction") made for the cathedral of Lima, and valued at £28,000. It is, at its massive base, more than two feet square, and it is more than five feet high. The pedestal presents several sacred subjects in relievo. At the four projecting corners, as many angels, choicely cast in chaste silver, kneel adoring. From the midst of them rises the pillar, in polished brass, covered with beautiful ecclesiastical decorations. Then it expands. and figures in chased silver of Moses, of David, of St. Peter and St. Paul, and of the Virgin, support a beautiful entablature. Nearer the top, similar figures of the four evangelists support the continuation of the pillar, which rises further until it spreads into a blazing circle of divergent rays of glory, resplendent with gold and silver, sparkling with stars of light, radiant with rubies, emeralds, and diamonds, and surmounted with a cross chiefly composed of gems. Passing on from Spain to Portugal, snuff-takers are tempted to take a pinch out of the beautiful barrels ranged on each side of the compartment, filled with the most various and most odoriferous specimens of powdered tobacco. We admire here a quantity of beautiful specimens of carved wood that may vie with the workmanship of any other country. To Portugal succeeds Italy, with her Tuscan and Roman sculptures, the exquisite beauty of her costly cabinet work, and the gorgeous velvets of Genoa and Turin. Then we come to the compartments of France on the north side of the nave, dedicated rather to articles of utility than of ornament, but, like those of Belgium, deriving great adornment from the magnificent carpets suspended in the background. And if, on the other side, one is astonished at the versatility of French taste in art, here one is equally struck with the fertility of French skill in mechanics. We have only space left to mention that in Holland are some fine specimens of decorative workmanship, especially some prodigious candelabra (equal to those of Austria or Russia), and splendid cabinet work, in which it is perhaps surpassed by Belgium, whose piano cases are superb-along with a beautiful case of plate, exhibiting specimens of four styles (in silver), Louis Quinze, Louis Quatorze, the Gothic, and the Grecian.

THE EPICURE.

"The term Epicure has been strangely perverted; it has been deemed synonymous with Glutton, than which nothing is wider apart: when it really means only a person who has good sense and good taste enough to wish to have his food cooked according to principles which allow to everything a proper mode and proper time for its preparation, and thereby rendering it most easy of solution in the stomach, and ultimately contribute to health. Every individual who is not quite void of understanding, is an epicure in his own way-the epicures in boiling of

potatoes are many. The perfection of all enjoyment depends on the perfection of the faculties of the mind and body: therefore, the TEMPERATE MAN is the greatest epicure."

"The four cardinal virtues of cookery are CLEANLINESS, FRUGALITY, NOURISHMENT, and PALATEABLENESS."

"The first consideration in dressing a dinner is, that it be well done, when 'tis done.'

SOUP AND BOUILLI, OR SOUP AND BOILED BEEF. Take the best piece of a brisket of beef, of six or seven pounds weight; put it into an oval saucepan that has a drainer to it, the same as a fish-kettle has (indeed a fish-kettle will do as a substitute, for as a fork should never be stuck in any meat while cooking, it is necessary to have something of the kind to prevent this), put to this sufficient water to cover it, and about a quart more; put in three carrots, three turnips, three cloves, and a bunch of sweet herbs, tied in a muslin bag, and after it has begun to simmer slowly, it will take four hours. Be careful to remove the scum as it arises, and add a little boiling water as may be required; while this is cooking have ready some boiling water in a saucepan, into which throw three large onions, skinned and cut in quarters; let them boil briskly, and when done, take them up and chop them fine; when the vegetables also are dressed, take them up and chop them very fine also, and mix with the onions; when the meat is done take this up by the drainer, set it on a dish, and cover closely to keep warm. Then strain the liquor, if any vegetables are at the bottom, chop them also, and add the whole of the chopped vegetables (which should be first rubbed through a fine colander), add a quarter of a small teaspoonful of celery seed, and the same of white pepper to the liquor, and let it simmer three minutes; then send up in a soup tureen very hot. Afterwards send up the beef and potatoes.

N.B. Sufficient carrots should have been put in, to admit of their being used as a vegetable unchopped, to garnish the dish. If more soup is required, more vegetables should be allowed, and consequently more water; it may also be thickened by rubbing smoothly down a tablespoonful of flour in cold water, then mixing it gradually with the soup. The beef is most excellent cold for breakfast.

TO MAKE DAMSON CHEESE.

Boil the damsons without sugar, then rub them through a sieve; to take out the skins and stones, take the kernels from the latter, and to every lb. of pulp put & lb. of loaf-sugar, broken small. Boil the pulp, sugar, and kernels together till it become quite stiff, but not longer, otherwise the colour will be spoiled; rub some cheese plates, that are rather deep, with a little fresh salid oil, then pour in the mixture, and put in a warm place to dry. When quite firm, roll up in oiled paper, and keep in not too dry a place.

TO DRESS VEGETABLE-MARROW.

Choose them young and small, when the skin will have scarcely any thickness; put them into boiling water without paring, with a little salt. Do not let them boil too fast, and when sufficiently done, lay them to drain in a culender for a few minutes; have ready a toast, cut them in halves or quarters, as the size may be; let the toast absorb all the moisture and serve as hot as possible; or they may be mashed from them; then pour some good melted butter over, after boiling, and when drained quite dry, add a lump of fresh butter, a little pepper and salt. Warm up hot in a saucepan, and serve on a toast; but the former way is generally preferred.

Chess.

"No mortal hand the wondrous sport contrived,
By gods invented, and from gods derived."

THE NAME OF CHESS.-The game of Chess has been immemorially known in Hindostan by the name of Chaturanga or the Four Members of an Army; viz., elephants, horses, chariots, and foot soldiers. By a corruption of the pure Sanscrit word, it was changed by the old Persians into Chatrang; but the Arabs, who soon after took possession of their country, having neither the initial nor the final letter of that word in their alphabet, further altered it into Shatrouj, or the King's Districts, which found its way into modern Persia, and, at length, into the dialects of India; it has been successively called Axedreg, Scacchi, Echecs, and Chess.

CHESS BOARDS.-The Asiatic and African Chessboards are of a single colour, divided into squares. Louis XIII. had a Chess-board quilted with wool, with a point at the bottom of each piece, to enable him

to play when riding in a carriage. Don John of Austria had a chamber in which was a chequered pavement of black and white; upon this living men moved under his direction, according to the laws of Chess. The Arabians play at Chess by making out squares on the ground; and using pebbles of different sizes and colours for the pieces and pawns.

TURNING CHESS TO ADVANTAGE.-Boi, a native of

Syracuse, was a very famous player at Chess; and very much considered in the Court of Spain, under Philip II., from whom he received many presents. Having had the misfortune to be taken by Corsairs and reduced to slavery, he found means by his skill in Chess to find favour with his enemies. They admired him for it, treated him civilly, and exacted no other ransom from him but the lessons he gave them for some months in the game.

PROBLEM V.-White to give Checkmate in three moves.

TIM.-The line is in Young's "Love of Fame," a of a 100, a very short one. Longevity usually accomSatire, and runs thus:

panies a simple vegetable diet, though vegetables, as all other things, should be used in moderation, bearing in mind that it is the abuse and not the use of anything which causes its hurtfulness.

Fulham always sow their cabbage seed for planting on AMATEUR is quite correct. The market gardeners of the 25th of July, and tradition says this has been done in best in an eastern aspect. Perennial means lasting-rooted the locality for many generations. The Auricula thrives flowers or plants.

EMMA P.-Refer to the 1st and 3rd series Shortway

Edging Books, by Mrs. Warren, for the patterns required.

All Letters and Communications for the Editor to be addressed, care of Messrs. PETTER, DUFF, and Co., 3, Crane Court, Fleet Street, London.

૨