A NEW HARNESS is described by the New Brunswick (New Jersey) papers, by which invention the ordi. nary saddle is dispensed with; also, the whipple-tree and breeching. The wagon is controlled by two friction rollers fastened at the end of the shaft-bars. The shafts are held and controlled by two terrets at the hames. The horse can be detached from the carriage in a moment, by means of two spring hooks, arranged at the forward end of the trace, which is convenient at all times, and more especially in case the horse becomes frightened and runs away.

back, which is the depth of the seat. From the front of the seat, and on a straight line, mark 24 inches to the dash or bracket-front, which you let run about 8 inches higher than the seat-line. Now you can commence and trace out the form of the body within the prescribed limits. About the centre of the quarter, let it be about 7 inches deep, taking out of that 1 inch for the rocker. The length of the top requires to be about 3 ft. 6 inches. In forming the top curve, mark from the straight line, H, in front, 5 inches, and on the back, 6 inches, which leaves the curve at the back bow an inch lower than the front. When

the body is traced out you can calculate for the remaining gear in the following manner: draw a perpendicular line 2 ft. 5 inches from the front of the seat, for the centre of the hind wheel. Next draw a straight loop from the body behind till it intersects the perpendicular line; then calculate 1 inch for the spring-bar (12 inches deep for the spring, and 3 inches deep for the axle-bed), with inch for the half of the axle, making in all 17 inches from the hind loop to the centre of the wheel, from which point you describe a four-foot circle. Now you can draw the ground or base line, from which you calculate for the front. You will have to use a deep axle-bed in front, in order to get a reasonable depth of spring. The diagram demonstrates the utility of Haussknecht's patent horizontal, or fifth wheelit is to enable the front wheel to lock back of the front seatline, giving more depth for the wheel to turn under the body. There is no particular rule for drawing the shape of the reach, only to follow the bottom curves of the body as much as practicable, retaining an easy-appearing sweep. It is fully as bad in appearance, as it is detrimental to the carriage, to have a reach too crooked. This top is supported by a stay, forming a pivot-iron to receive the slats. The same pivot also receives the arm, which terminates in a handle to the side of the body. The pivot should be about 9 inches high from the seat.

INVENTIONS APPERTAINING TO COACH-MAKING AT HOME.

AMERICAN PATENTED INVENTIONS.

October 26.-BRIDLES TO PREVENT HORSES FROM KICKING OR RUNNING AWAY.-John M. Lanier, of Eufaula, Ala.: I do not claim the employment of two bits operating upon one jaw of the horse. Nor do I claim operating one bit by means of two sets of reins.

But I claim the employment of two bits, so arranged with two sets of reins that one bit will operate upon the lower jaw, while the other operates upon the roof of the mouth and upper jaw, the same being combined and operated in the manner and for the purpose specified.

November 2.-TOOL FOR CHAMFERING LEATHER STRAPS.James Bridger, of Richland, Iowa: I claim the tool described for chamfering and channeling leather straps, as described.

MACHINE FOR CREASING AND BLACKING LEATHER FOR HARNESS. Adolph Stempel, of Oquaroka, Ill.: I do not claim broadly the employment or use of creasing and embossing rollers, in connection with a pressure roller, for ornamenting and creasing leather, for such device has been previously used.

But I claim the pressure roller, F, and the creasing and embossing rollers, in combination with the color fountains, K L, and felt rolls, M M, the whole being arranged to operate as and for the purpose set forth.

:

AXLE BOXES.-Henry Howson (Assignor to Isaac B. Wendall and Jacob L. Wendall), of Philadelphia, Pa. I claim the combination of the box with the bearings, B and B, and retaining keys, C and C; when the interior of the box is arched on the top, when the said arch terminates on each side of the recesses, gg, formed in the sides of the box; when the keys are adapted to fit into the recesses and against the edges of the bearings, and when the several parts are arranged in respect to each other, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

MACHINE FOR FILING SAWS.-C. Tabor and R. D. Tabor, of Ischua, N. Y.: We claim the use of the file carrier and pressure frame, as set forth, in connection with the carriage, clamping jaws,and revolving platform, constructed and operated as specified.

as to require a constant and abundant supply of fresh air for respiration, a poisonous atmosphere being equally deleterious to the system with noxious food; so that, if we habitually confine ourselves to close dwellings and heated rooms, that have not been properly ventilated, we must expect to pay the penalty in colds, influenzas, consumption, or other forms of disease. We may pursue a corresponding line of remark in reference to cleanliness, clothing, exercise, etc., all these requiring attention and care to be constantly and judiciously practiced, in order to maintain. either the health and integrity of the body, or the vigor and efficiency of the mind. Such are the conditions of our being, that we are in duty bound to inquire (although such inquiries should not engross our attention), "What shall I eat, and what shall I drink, and wherewithal shall I be clothed?" The body demands our attention, and it must be cared for. Although an inferior part of our nature, yet it is a very important part, and will not brook or excuse our neglect. Some literary men have affected to neglect the body, and some religious men have affected to despise it. But both are to be regarded as in egregious error. While we are not to sink ourselves to the low level of brutes, and delight to wallow in pure sensualism, at the same time a proper share of attention to the wants of our physical nature is imperatively demanded by the laws of our being, and by the circumstances in which we are placed. "Thou shalt not kill," and "Do thyself no harm," are commands obligatory upon us all in reference to whatever may injure health, or destroy life. "In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread," and "Six days shalt thou labor and do all thy work," with equal clearness indicate the great law of physical exercise, upon the observance of which is dependent our enjoyment of life and health. But we have not room on our sheet to pursue the subject further. It remains for the reader to consider, either with or without our aid, the duties which he owes to himself as an intellectual and moral being. We may possibly (although we are not now in circumstances to pledge ourselves) return to the subject in a future number.

For the New York Coach-maker's Magazine. NED LOWRIE'S COURTSHIP.

BY JAMES SCOTT.

Six or eight of us were seated around the stove in my bachelor quarters one evening, and, for lack of better amusement, each told some story of personal experience or adventure. Some of the yarns were rich, and, for the benefit of those of the "craft" who relish a bit of fun, I have reduced one of them to paper.

"I never was really in love but once!" said Ned Lowrie, sentimentally. "At the time I was overtaken by this dreadful calamity, a small town in the interior of Alabama had the honor of containing my corporeal corporosity; but, as you fellers don't understand anatomical terms, I mean to say that I was staying 'thar.' The establishment in which I was employed stood on the outskirts of the corporation, and was surrounded by neat suburban cottages. The prettiest of them was on the lot adjoining the shop, and in it dwelt the object of my heart's adoration. How shall I describe her! The term handsome is too tame. Pretty wouldn't begin to express half the enchanting beauty-the bewitching loveliness-the peace-destroying charms of my Rebecca Ann!

"Our acquaintance commenced at the pump. (What the mischief are you laughing at?) We of the shop had the right of way to the aforesaid pump, which pump belonged to the mansion above mentioned, and was located on the grounds thereof-excuse the legal phrases, you know I studied law once for two weeks. Well, I went to the pump for a bucket of water. Rebecca Ann arrived simultaneously

on a similar errand.

"Allow me, miss, to pump for you,' said, I with an elaborate attempt at French airs.

"Thank you, sir,' says she, smiling murderously. I say murderously, because the effect was killing.

"I operated on the water-drawing machine in the most graceful manner, handed the bucket to her with a bow which gave me a pain in the spinal column for a month afterwards, and again she thanked me in tones of ravishing sweetness. From that moment I loved-loved with the overflowing, obstacle-surmounting intensity of a heart that never loved before. My passion was reciprocated, and the increased frequency of her visits to the place where first we met proved it. And, oh! how my heart palpitated, and hopes of future bliss danced o'er my heated imagination, when, going for water, I met her. You needn't snicker, I didn't intend a pun.

"For once the course of true love ran smooth. I was invited to call, and I called. By the ghostly light of the pale moon I told her all my hopes and fears-told her that my future weal or woe was in her hands, and in piteous accents implored favor for my suit. Oh! what ecstatic bliss was mine, when, hiding her blushing face under my coatcollar, she murmured, in tones rivaling the poetic lute in softness, 'Ask my pa!'

"The discordant notes of a male shanghai warned us that it was time to part. Our lips met in love's first soulbreathing kiss. The door closed upon her fair form, and I left. Gates were useless-I sailed over the fence, floated home, and was wafted up three flights of stairs, and into bed, by troops of Cupid's fairy attendants. The Ethiopian youth, who blacked my boots, awoke me to consciousness in the morning, by reminding me that there was a balance of two bits due him for services rendered. Breakfast was swallowed with a total disregard to the culinary skill displayed in its preparation. Never before, had I hastened to the shop so eagerly-never with such joyous anticipations. I would see her-would breathe the same atmosphere, and manipulate the same pump-handle. Who on earth could ask for more?

"I feel like inflicting upon you a philosophical disquisition on the uncertainty of human happiness, but I forbear. The maxim, "There is many a slip 'twixt the cup and the lip,' will answer the purpose full as well, and save breath.

"Two hours of the morning-they seemed centurieshad passed, and my eyes had not yet been gladdened by a glimpse of her dear form. A large supply of water must have been laid in the night previous; for the morning dew yet lay undisturbed on the horizontal lever constituting the motive power of the hydraulic machine from whence was derived the daily supply of aqueous fluid. (What do I mean! Why, the pump-handle, of course.) Something dreadful must have happened. She was prostrated on a bed of sickness-severe cold-Ayer's pectoral-Brandreth's pills-Snooks' syrup, and so forth. The thought was madness, and the fell demon of despair was already clutching at my heart-strings, when, oh, joy! she appeared

on the front porch. Strangers were with her-strangers of the feminine gender. Country cousins, perhaps. The morning was warm, the porch shady, and a sable maiden of African descent produced chairs, which promptly disappeared 'neath descending avalanches of calico and other dry goods.

"There were six of them, but my eyes beheld but one, and she, sweet girl, was to be mine. Had not her own lips said so? ay, and sealed it, too. I wondered if she was telling them about me. Of course she was. Their eager glances from her to the shop said so, and the new-born feeling within me confirmed it. I must show myself. My plan was soon arranged. There was a body to paint in the shop below. I would descend by the platform stairs, and afford them a sight of the handsome affiancée of their friend. Rushing to a stray fragment of looking-glass tacked to the wall, I adjusted my spotted Marsellaise collar-ran my fingers through my hair-pulled off my apron (it didn't look genteel)--seized a keg full of lead color, and sallied forth. With dainty steps I picked my way across the platform, and down the stairs, which terminated in the yard within ten feet of the bevy of femininity. The programme was all arranged ere I started, and, in conformity therewith, when near the bottom of the stairs, I raised my eyes, and, for the first time, beheld the ladies. I stopped -elevated my hat à la mode-said something, I forget what-started again, and-well, the first thing I remember, my head came in forcible contact with terra firma-ditto the keg. Something went all over my face, and into my eyes. I gathered myself up-heard a perfect scream of laughter from the porch-rushed frantically into the 'woodshop'-was greeted with a similar burst of heartless merriment-wiped my eyes on my shirt-sleeve-shot up stairs to the paint-shop-reached the aforementioned piece of glass, and-found I had painted my own countenance instead of the buggy-body. Lead color predominated from the roots

of

my hair down to my boots. I left that town at an hour when graves are supposed to yawn, and sheeted ghosts to perambulate around the abodes of men-have never seen Rebecca Ann since, and sincerely hope I never may! Boys, let's go to bed; it's getting late."

The mailed horses and scythe-chariots of an early age-The revolution effected by Cyrus in the construction of chariots-The four-perch chariot of Abradatus, and the golden corslet of Panthea-An eight-perch chariot drawn by oxen-The success of the scythe-chariots, at first, wins for them a worldwide renown-Subsequently, the Romans treated them with contempt and derision, the improvements in military tactics rendering them ineffectual.

Quod tempore antiquum videtur, id incongruitate est maxime novum.

PREVIOUS to the introduction of cavalry, in Homer's time, some of the horses harnessed to the chariot, when going to battle, were partially mailed, and sometimes these horses were two, sometimes four, and even as high as six among some nations. The two inside only were employed in drawing the car, the two outside serving for the purpose merely of increasing the force of an onset. Some of these chariots had a sharp spike projecting from the end of the pole, and two sharp and curved scythes set in the axle, where the car was mounted on two wheels. As in the case in our illustration, where the vehicle was four-wheeled, these horrid and formidable instruments of death were doubled.

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struction and use of chariots, was that effected by Cyrus, the Persian, at the very moment of his contemplated expedition against the city of Sardis, a dependency of the Assyrian empire. Many of these, which we are about to describe in detail, were fitted up from the old chariots which had been captured in his previous battles, and others were constructed out of such material as he could lay his hands upon. Xenophon, to whom we are indebted for the most of what follows, and who writes from personal knowledge, tells us that the Trojan method of using chariots, as formerly practiced, and as still used by the Cyrenians, Medes, Syrians, Arabians, and other Asiatic nations, he utterly abolished. His opinion was that, formerly, the very best of the men-those which probably constituted the chief strength of the army-mounted in the chariots, had, in fact, only acted the part of skirmishers at a distance, and had contributed but very little to the obtaining of a victory. He argued that three hundred chariots would require three hundred combatants, requiring twelve hundred horses, demanding a driver for each chariot, whose skill was entirely lost in guiding the chariot, without contributing in the least towards obtaining a victory over an enemy.

The chariots invented by the Persian king were provided with wheels of great strength, so as not to be easily broken, and with axletrees that were very long, because, if made very broad, they would not so easily be overturned. The box for the driver he had made like a turret, and with strong pieces of timber; and the highest of these boxes reached up to the elbows of the drivers, that, reaching

Although, in conformity with this account of Xenophon, the general voice of the world has accorded the scythe-chariots mentioned to Cyrus, yet we think it proper to state that Diodorus Siculus, quoting from Ctesias, says that Ninus had a great number of them in use in his expedition against the Bactrians, at a much earlier period. They were certainly, however, not used at the siege of Troy.-ED.