CHAPTER

XX CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF THE CONFEDERATE

STATES.

485-506

Confederate government unique as to its formation. The
Constitution the exponent of the true spirit of the Federal
compact. Secession indispensable to defence of South. South
Carolina's secession and the convention of Southern people.
The proceedings of the Montgomery Convention. A Pro-
visional Constitution adopted. Organization of the govern-
ment. The Provisional Congress. Permanent Constitution
adopted. Spirit of the instrument. Some changes from the
model of the Federal Constitution. Few Cabinet changes
during the Confederacy. The regular Congress. Conscrip-
tion laws, their administration and efficiency. Comparative
enlistments in the Northern and Southern armies. Reason for
the early Confederate successes. The Partisan Rangers. Food
stuffs and munitions of war free of duties. Slaves for defence
works and as soldiers. The administration of justice. Mar-
tial law in operation. The foreign relations of the Confed-
eracy. Failure to establish friendly relations with the United
States. The seizure of Mason and Slidell. Great Britain
resents the Trent outrage. Equipment of the foreign-built
cruisers of the Confederacy. State governments and the Con-
federacy. Severe treatment by the North of crews of priva-
teers. Violation of the cartel for exchange. Confederate
care of prisoners. Relative mortality in Northern and South-
ern prisons. The final issue accepted in good faith.

APPENDIX I.

Constitution of the Confederate States of America.

APPENDIX III

Executive Officers of the Confederate States-1861-1865.

PAGES

507-525

527-532

533

535

537-544

545-553

THE CIVIL WAR

FROM A SOUTHERN STANDPOINT

GARRETT-HALLEY

CHAPTER I

SECESSION AND ITS CAUSES

A HISTORY dealing with a period in a nation's life that is marked with some great disagreement or conflict, whether national or international, must be viewed from a standpoint. of prejudice. This prejudice may be great-and usually is when the historian is either entirely or nearly contemporary with the times of which he writes or it may be slight and hardly perceptible: but no matter to what degree it exists in the work, it always exists. This volume is no exception. to the general rule, and, like all its fellow volumes upon the late War between the States, it is biased. According to its title, it is a history of the Civil War from a Southern standpoint. It is a history of the Civil War, inasmuch as it is a truthful narrative of the more important events of the War between the States. It is "from a Southern standpoint" to the extent that it is a portrayal of the sentiments of the Southern people which prevailed-and still prevailin regard to the Civil War. It is also a study of the motives that impelled the Southern States to secede from the United States, that prompted them to resist the invasion of their soil by armed men hostile to their welfare and interests, that moved them to exhaust every effort in their power to establish independently the Confederate States of America, and that, finally, brought them to surrender in good faith, abiding the issues of the War, cherishing the memory of their heroes, and demanding for themselves a true verdict