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(559).-Fåte, får, fåll, fåt;-mè, mêt ;-pine, pin;

BOLTER, bol'tůr. s. A sieve to sepa

rate meal from bran. BOLTHEAD, bolt'hed.

S.

A long

straight-necked glass vessel; a matrass, or receiver.

BOLTING-HOUSE, bolt'ing-house.
The place where meat is sitted.

S.

BOLTSPRIT, or BowSPRIT, bo'sprit. s. A mast running out at the head of a ship, not standing upright, but aslope. BOLUS, bo'lús. s. A medicine made up into a soft mass, larger than pills. BOMB, bům. s. (165). A loud noise; a holow iron ball, or shell, filled with gunpowder, and furnished with a vent for a fusee, or wooden tube, filled with combustible matter; to be thrown out from a mortar. I do not hesitate to follow Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Nares, in this word, and all its compounds, in giving the o its fourth sound, equivalent to the second sound of u, though contrary to Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation, which makes it rhyme with Tom, from, &c. Dr. Johnson's derivation of the verb to

A kind

bump, from the same origin as bomb, makes the pronunciation I have given more agreeable to analogy, BOMB-CHEST, bům'tshest. s. of chest filled with bombs, placed under ground, to blow up in the air. BOMB-KETCH, bům kétsh. BOMB-VESSEL, bûm'vės-sèl.

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S.

A kind of ship, strongly built, to bear the shock of a mortar.

BOMBARD, bům'bård. s. A great gun; a barrel for wine.

TO BOMBARD, bûm-bård'. v. a. To at

tack with bombs.

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bombast stands in Dr. Johnson, the substartive has the accent on the last syllable, and the adjective on the first, contrary, I think, to the analogy of accentuation (494); yet this is but a bungling way of supplying the want of different words for different parts of speech.-See BowL. BOMBULATION,

bûm-bu-la'shun.

Sound, noise. BONAROBA, boʻnâ-rò'bâ. s. BONASUS, bo-na'sus. s.

buffalo.

S.

A whore. A kind of

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BONDWOMAN, bônd'wùm-ûn. s. A woman slave.

BONE, bone. s. The solid parts of the body of an animal; fragment of meat, a bone with as much flesh as adheres to it; To make no bones, to make no scruple; dice.

To BONE, bone. v. a.

To take out the

bones from the flesh. BONE ACE, bone-låse'. s. Flaxen lace. BONELESS, bone'lés. a. Without bones. To BONESET, bone'sêt. v. n.

To re

store a bone out of joint, or join a bone broken.

BONESETTER. bone'sêt-tur. s. One who makes a practice of setting bones.

BONFIRE, bôn'fire. s. A fire made for

triumph.

Mr Sheridan pronounces this word bonefire; Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, make the first syllable rhyme with don; and though in the first edition of this Dictionary I made it rhyme with tun, I now prefer the sound rhyming with don.

BOO

-no, move, nor, nôt;-tube, tub, bull;-oil;-pound;-thin, THIS. BONGRACE, bùn'grås. s. A covering | Boos, boon. s.

for the forehead.

A gift, a grant.
BOON, bʊon. a. Gay, merry.

BONNET, bôn'nit. s. (99). A at, a cap.oor, böör. s. A lout, a clown.
BONNETS, bon'nits. s. Sman sails set
on the courses of the mizzen, mainsail, and
foresail.

BOORISH, bỏōr'ish. a. Clownish, rus

BONNILY, bôn'né-lè. ad. Gaily, hand

somely.

BONNINESS, bôn'nè-nès. s. Gaiety,

handsomeness.

BONNY, bon'ne. a. Handsome, beau-
tiful; gay, merry.
BONNY-CLABBER,

Sour butternnik.

bôn'né-kláb'bůr. s.

BONUM MAGNUM, bo'nům-måg'nům.
s. A great plumb,
Boxy, bo'né. a. Consisting of bones;

full of bones.

BOOBY, boo'bė. s. A dull, heavy, stupid fellow.

Воок, bỏók. s. A volume in which we read or write; a particular part of a work; the register in which a trader keeps an account, In books,in kind remembrance; Without book, by memory.

To Book, book. v. a. To register in a

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BOOKLEARNING, bỏỏk'lêrn-ing. s. Skill
in literature; acquainted with books.
BOOKMAN, book'mân. s. (88). A man
whose profession is the study of books.
s. School-
BOOKMATE, book'måte.

fellow.

BOOKSELLER, book'sêl-lûr. s. A man whose profession it is to sell books. BOOKWORM, böỏk'wůrm. s. A mite that eats holes in books; a student too closely fixed upon books.

Boom, boom. s. In sea language, a long pole used to spread out the clue of the studding sail; a pole with bushes or baskets, set up as a mark to show the sailors how to steer; a bar laid across a harbour to keep out the enemy.

To Boom, boom. v. n. To rush with

violence.

tic.

BOORISHLY, bôôr'ish-lè. ad. After a
clownish manuel.

BOORISHNESS, bỏôr'ish-nês. s. Coarse

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serve for boots.

BOOT-TREE, boot'tréé. s. Wood shaped
like a leg, to be driven into boots for stretch-
ing them.

BOOT-CATCHER, boot'kétsh-ůr. s. The
person whose business at an inn is to pull
off the boots of passeugers.
BOOTED, boot'ed. a. In boots.
BOOTH, bоTh. S. A house built of
ards or boughs.

BOOTLESS, booties. a. Useless, una-
vailing; without success.

Boory, boo'tè. s. Plunder, pillage;
things gotten by robbery; To play booty,
to lose by design.
BOPEEP, bo-pèèp'. s. To play Bopeep,
is to look out, and draw back, as if frighted.
BORACHIO, bo-rat'tsho. s. A drunkard.
BORABLE, bo'râ-bi. a. That may be
bored.

BORAGE, bůr'idje. a. (90) (165). A
plant.

BORAX, bo'raks. s. An artificial salt,

prepared from sal ammoniac, nitre,ca cined tartar, sea salt, and alum, dissolved in wine. BORDEL, bor'dél. s. A brothel, a bawdy-house.

BORDER, bördûr. s. (98). The outer
part or edge of any thing; the edge of a
country; the outer part of a garment adorn-
ed with needle-work; a bauk raised round
a garden, and set with flowers.
To BORDER, bordur. v. n. To confine
upon; to approach nearly to.
To BORDER, bor'dür. v. a. To adorn
with a border; to reach, to touch.
BORDERER, bor'dûr-ür. s. (555). He

that dwells on the borders.

(559)-Fate, får, fåll, fât ;-me, mêt;-pine, pin ;

To BORE, bore. v. a. To pierce in a

hole.

To BORE, bore. v. n. To make a hole; to push forward to a certain point. BORE, bore. s. The hole made by boring; the instrument with which a hole is bored; the size of any hole. BORE, bore. The preterit of Bear. BOREAL, bo'ré-ål. a. Northern. BOREAS, bo'ré-âs. s. The north wind. BOREE, bo-rée'. s. A step in dancing. BORN, born. part. pass. Come into life. BORNE, borne. part. pass. Carried,

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Bosky, bos'kè. a. Woody. Bosoм, boo'zům. s. The breast, the heart; the innermost part of an enclosure; the folds of the dress that cover the breast; the tender affections; inclination; desire : in composition, implies intimacy, confidence, tonaness, as my bosom friend.

This word is pronounced four ways, Bozum, Buzzum, and Boozam, the oo like u in bull; and boozum, as ou in house. Sheridan and Scott adopt the third sound; Perry seems to mark the fourth; Dr. Kenrick has the second and fourth, but seems to prefer the former; and W. Johnston has the second; and that is, in my opinion, the most general: but the stage seems to have adopted the fourth sound, which has given it a currency among polite speakers, and makes it the most fashionable. Mr. Elphinston, a nice observer, as well as a deep investigator, announces the second, but tells us that the third was the original pronunciation. To Bosoм, bôô'zům. v. a. To enclose in the bosom; to conceal in privacy.

Boson, bỏsn. s. (170) (103). Cor

rupted from Boatswain, which see. Boss, bôs. s. A stud; the part rising in the midst of any thing; a thick body of any kind.

Any

BOSSAGE, bôs'saje. s. (90). stone that has a projecture. BOSVEL, bôz'vel. s. (448). A species

of crowfoot.

BOTANICAL, bò-tân'è-kál. BOTANICK, bo-tân'nik.

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a. Relat

i. g to be bs; skilled in herbs. BOTANIST, bot'à-nist. s. (503, b.) (543). One skilled in pants. BOTANOLOGY, bôt-an-l'ò-jẻ. s. A discourse upon plants. (518). BоTCH, botsh. s. (352). A swelling,

or eruptive discoloration of the skin; a part in any work ill finished; an adventitious part clumsily added.

To BOTCH, bôtsh. v. a. To mend of

patch clothes clumsily; to put together unsuitably, or unskilfully; to mark with botcues.

BOTCHY, bot'tshẻ. a.

botches.

Marked with BOTH, both. a. (467). The two. BOTH, both. conj. Ás well. Bors, bots. s. Small worms in the

entrails of horses.

BOTTLE, bot'tl. s. (405). A small vessel of glass, or other matter; a quantity of wine usually put into a bottle, à quart; a quantity of hay or grass bundled up. To BOTTLE, bot'tl. v. a. To enclose in bottles.

BOTTLEFLOWER, bot'tl-floù-år. s. A plant.

BOTTLESCREW, bottl-skrỏ. screw to pull out the cork.

s. A

Воттом, bớt tùm. S. (166). The lowest part of any thing; the ground under the water; the foundation, the groundwork; a dale, a valley; the deepest part; bound, limit; the utmost of any man's capacity; the last resort; a vessel for navigation; a chance, or security; a ball of thread wound up together.

To BOTTOм, bôt'tům. v. a. To build up, to fix upon as a support; to wind upon something.

To BOTTOM, bôt'tům. v. n. To rest upon as its support. BOTTOMED,

bot'tům❜d. a.

(359).

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-no, move, nor, nôt;-tube, tüb, bùll-oil;-pound;-in, THIS.

To BOUNCE, bỏûnse. v. n.

To fall or fly against any thing with great force; to make a sudden leap; to boast, to bully. BOUNCE, bounse. s. A strong sudden blow; a sudden crack or noise; a boast, a threat.

BOUNCER, boun'sår. s. A boaster, a bully, an empty threatener; a liar. BOUND, bound. s. (313). A limit, a boundary; a limit by which any excursion is restrained; a leap, a jump, a spring; a rebound.

To BOUND, boùnd. v. a. To limit, to
terminate; to restrain, to confine; to
make to bound.

TO BOUND, bound. v. n. To jump, to
spring; to rebound, to fly back.
BOUND, bound. Participle passive of

Bind.

BOUND, bound. a. Destined, intending
to come to any place.
BOUNDARY, boundá-rẻ. s. Limit,

bound.

BOUNDEN, boun'dên. Participle pas

sive of Bind.

BOUNDING-STONE, boun'ding-stone.
BOUND-STONE, bound'stone.

s. A stone to play with.

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Bow, bầu. s.
submission.
Bow, bồ. s.

An act of reverence or

An instrument of war; a rainbow; the instrument with which string instruments are played upon; the doubling of a string in a slip knot; Bow of a ship, that part of her which begins at the loof, and ends at the sternmost part of the forecastle.

BOUNDLESSNESS, bound'lês-nês. s. Ex-To Bow, bỏ. To bend sideways.

emption from limits.

BOUNDLESS, bound'lês. a. Unlimited,

unconfined.

BOUNTEOUS, boun'tchè-ûs. a. (263).
Liberal, kind, generous.
BOUNTEOUSLY, bỏûn'tchê-ûs-lè. ad. Li-
berally, generously.

While some words are narrowing and contracting their original signification, others are dividing and subdividing into a thousand different acceptations. The verb to bot rhyming with cow, might originally signify flexure every way, and so serve for that action which made any thing crooked, let its direction be what it would: but it appears certain, that at present it only means that flexure which is vertical, and which may be called a bowing doren, but is by no means so applicable to that flexure which is sideways or horizontal, and for which, necessity seems insensibly to have brought the verb I have inserted into use. S. This verb

BOUNTEOUSNESS, boun'tchè-us-nês. s.
Munificence, liberality.

BOUNTIFUL, boun'té-fül. a. Liberal,

generous, munificent.

BOUNTIFULLY, bỏùn'tè-fùl-lé. ad. Li berally.

BOUNTIFULNESS, boun'tè-ful-nês.

The quality of being bountiful, generosity.
BOUNTIHEAD, boùn'tė-hed.
BOUNTYHOOD, bountử-hud.
Goodness, virtue.

S.

BOUNTY, boun'tè. s. Generosity, liberality, munificence.

To BOURGEON, bar'jûn. v. n. (313) (259). To sprout, to shoot into branches. BOURN, borne. s. A bound, a limit; a brook, a torrent,

I bave differed from Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Kenrick in the pronunciation of this word. They make it sound as if written

but if my memory fail me not, it is

seems accompanied by the word out as the other is by down, and we may say such a thing bores doren, but another thing bores out, or swells sideways: the first verb is pronounced so as to rhyme with cow, now, &c. and the last with go, no, &c. Milton seems to have used the word with this sound, where in his Penseroso he says

"And love the high embowed roof, "With antique pillars' massy proof." But as nothing can tend more to the ambiguity of language than to have words spelled in the same manner sounded differently in order to distinguish their meaning by their pronunciation, I would humbly advise

1

(559).-Fate, får, fåll, fât;-mè, met;-pine, pin ;—

to spell the word how (to shoot with), and the verb to bow (to bend sideways), with the finale; this slight addition will relieve a reader from the embarrassinent he is under at first sight, where he is not thoroughly acquainted with the circumstances of a relation, and does not know how to pronounce the word till he has read the context. For the propriety of this additional e, see the words Bowl and FORM.

I cannot refrain from quoting Mr. Nares on this word, as his opinion has great authority:-"A bow for arrows, and to bow, when "it signifies merely to bend any thing, "have ore like ō long. This distinction I "believe to be right, though our great "Lexicographer has not noticed it. He "gives to bow, in every sense, the regular "sound of or, (that is rhyming with co-v.) "But of this instance the first and fourth

appear to be erroneous; the third is "doubtful; and in the second, the word is "used to express an inclination of the bo'dy, but metaphorically applied to trees. "See the four instances from Shakspeare, "Dryden, and Locke, under To bow, v. a. "No. 1."

A want of attending to the different ideas the
word bore conveys, as it is differently sound-
ed, has occasioned the inconsistent sea
terms; the bore of a ship, rhyming with
coo; and an anchor, called the best bower,
rhyming with hour; and bow, in the word
bowsprit, rhyming with go, no, &c.
Bow-BENT, bo'bênt. a. Crooked.
Bow-HAND, bo’hând. s. The hand that
draws the bow.

Bow-LEGGED, bo'lẻgd. a. (359). Hav-
ing crooked legs.

BOWELS, bou ́éls. s. Intestines, the vessels and organs within the body; the inner parts of any thing; tenderness, compassion.

BOWER, bou'ûr. s. (98). An arbour: it seems to signify, in Spenser, a blow, a stroke.

BOWER, bou'ûr. s. Anchor so called. BOWERY, bot'ür-rè. a. Full of bowers. BowL, bole. s. A vessel to hold liquids; the hollow part of any thing; a basin, a fountain. See the next word.

BowL, bole. s. Round mass rolled

along the ground.

Many respectable speakers pronounce this word so as to rhyme with howl, the noise made by a dog. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Elphinston, and Mr. Perry, declare for it; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Smith, pronounce it as the vessel to hold liquor, rhyming with hole. I remember having been corrected by Mr. Garrick for pro

nouncing it like hool; and am upon the
whole of opinion, that pronouncing it as I
have marked it is the preferable mode,
though the least analogical. But as the
vessel has indisputably this sound, it is ren-
dering the language still more irregular to
give the ball a different one. The incon-
venience of this irregularity is often per-
ceived in the word bore; to have the same
word signify different things, is the fate of
all languages; but pronouncing the same
word diferently to signify different things,
is multiplying difficulties without necessi-
ty; for though it may be alleged that a
different pronunciation of the same word
to signify a different thing is in some mea-
sure remedying the poverty and ambiguity
of language, it may be answered, that it is
in reality increasing the ambiguity by set-
ting the eye and ear at variance, and oblig-
ing the reader to unde and the context
before he can pronounce the word.
It may

be urged, that the Greek and Latin lan-
guages had these ambigu ties in words
which were only distinguishable by their
quantity or accent. But it is highly pro-
bable that the Greek language had a writ-
ten accent to distinguiso such words as
were pronounced differently to signify dif-
ferent things, and this is equivalent to a
different spelling; and though the Latin
word lego signified either to read or to send,
according to the quantity with which the
first syllable was pronounced, it was cer-
tainly an imperfection in that language
which ought not to be imitated. Ideas and
combinations of ideas will always be more
numerous than words; and therefore the
same word will often stand for very differ-
ent ideas: but altering the sound of a
word without altering the spelling, is form-
ing an unwritten language.

To Bowl, bole. v. a. To play at bowls; to throw bowls at any thing. BowLER, bo'lür. s. He that plays at

bowls.

BOWLINE, bo'lin. s. A rope fastened

A

BOWLING-GREEN, bo'ling-grèèn, s.
to the middle part of the outside of a sail.
level piece of ground, kept smooth for
bowlers.

BOWMAN, bo'mân. s. (89). An archer.
BowSPRIT, bo'sprit. s. Boltsprit; which

see.

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