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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER.
I. GEOLOGY OF ILLINOIS....
PAGE.
1
II. TOPOGRAPHY, RIVERS, SOIL AND CLIMATOLOGY.
Origin of the Prairies; Table of Temperature and Rainfall.
14
III. ILLINOIS ANTIQUITIES; THE MOUND BUILDERS..
23
IV. THE INDIANS OF ILLINOIS.
Algonquins and Iroquois; Illinois Confederacy; Sacs and Foxes; Kickapoos;
Mascoutins; Plankishaws; Pottowatamies; Art of Hunting: General Coun-
cils; Constitution of the Indian Family; Methods of Sepulture; Belief
in a Future State; Why the Red Race should give way to the White.... 30
V. OPERATIONS OF THE MISSIONARIES-EXTENT OF THEIR OPERATIONS
UP TO 1673 The French on the St. Lawrence; LaSalle Discovers the Ohio 53
VI. EXPLORATIONS BY JOLIET AND MARQUETTE-1673-1675..
VII. EXPLORATIONS BY LA SALLE.
The Griffin; Fort Creve Coeur.
VIII. TONTT'S ENCOUNTER WITH THE IROQUOIS...
IX. FURTHER EXPLORATIONS BY LA SALLE.
His Indian Colony on the Illinois; Discovers the Mouth of the Mississippi and
takes possession of all the Country in the name of the King of France;
Builds Fort St. Louis on Starved Rock; His Colony in Texas.
59
67
79
91
X. 1700-1719-ILLINOIS A DEPENCY OF CANADA AND PART OF LOUISIANA.
The Government a Theocracy; Operations of Crozat........
XI. 1717-1633-ILLINOIS AND LOUISIANA UNDER THE COMPANY OF THE WEST.
John Law His Banking Operations; The Mississippi Scheme: Founding of New Orleans; Mining for the Precious Metals in Illinois; The Spaniards vie
Santa Fe seek the Conquest of Illinois; They are met and overwhelmed by
the Missouris; Fort Chartres built; Extermination of the Natchez; Opera-
tions of the Company of the West in Illinois........
XII. 1732-1759~ILLINOIS AND LOUISIANA UNDER THE ROYAL GOVERNORS. War with the Chickasaws; Death of Gov. D'Artaguette; Commerce of Illi-
nois; Manners and customs of the French; Common Field; Common; Inter-
course with the Indians: Avocation and Costume of the People; Mode of
Adininistering the Law; Operations of the Ohio Company: Fort Duquesne;
M. DeVilliers of Fort Chartres defeats the Virginians at the Great Meadows;
War between the French and English Colonists......
108
115
134
XIII. 1759-1763-THE CONSPIRACY OF PONTIAC; ATTACK UPON DETROIT.
Destruction of the British Posts and Settlements....
XIV. SIEGE OF DETROIT; PONTIAC RALLIES THE WESTERN TRIBES.
His Submission and Death.......
XV. ILLINOIS AS A BRITISH PROVINCE.
Partial exodus of the French; Their dislike of English Law, and the restoration
of their own by the Quebec Bill; Land Grants by British Commandants;
Curious Indian Deeds; Condition of the Settlements in 1765, by Capt. Pitman;
Brady's and Meillets's Expeditions to the St. Joseph in 1777-1778...........
XVI. CONQUEST OF ILLINOIS BY GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.................
XVII. CLARK OBTAINS POSSESSION OF VINCENNES.
Treaties with the Indians; Vincennes falls into the hands of the English and
is recaptured by Clark...
XVIII. 1778-1787-ILLINOIS UNDER VIRGINIA.
137
150
162
173
184
The French take the Oath of Allegiance; Illniois County; American Immi-
grants: LaBalme's Expedition; The Cession of the Country and Delays
Incident thereto; No Regular Courts of Law; Curious Land Speculation. 202
XIX. ILLINOIS UNDER THE GOVERNMENT OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.
Ordinance of 1787; Organization of St. Clair County; Bar of Illinois in 1790; Im-
poverished condition of the French; Indian Hostilities, 1783 to 1795; Randolph
County; American Immigration; Sickness; Territorial Assembly at Cincin-
nati; Notable Women of Olden Time; Witchcraft in Illinois.
XX. 1800-1809-ILLINOIS AS PART OF THE INDIANA TERRITORY.
Its Organization; Extinguishment of Indian Titles to Lands; Gov. Harrison's
Facility in this; Land Speculations and Frauds on Improvement Rights and
Headrights; Meeting of the Legislature at Vincennes in 1805; Statutes of
1807........
XXI. 1809-ILLINOIS TERRITORY.
210
232
Opposition to division; Jesse B. Thomas; Gov. Edwards; Nathaniel Pope; Ter-
ritorial Federal Judges; The Governor avoids the meshes of the Separa-
tionists and Anti-Seperationists; Condition and Population of the Territory. 241
XXII. INDIAN TROUBLES IN ILLINOIS PRECEDING THE WAR OF 1812.
The Country put in a State of Defence by the organization of Ranging Com-
panies and the building of Block Houses and Stockade Forts; Gov. Edwards
sends an envoy to Gomo's Village; Battle of Tippecanoe; Indian Council at
Cohokia....... 247
XXIII. THE MASSACRE AT CHICAGO; EARLY HISTORY OF THE PLACE..... 260
XXIV. ILLINOIS IN THE WAR OF 1812.
Gov. Edwards's Military Campaign to Peoria Lake; Gen. Hopkins with 2,000
Mounted Kentucky Riflemen marches over the prairies of Illinois; His force
Mutinies and marches back; Capt. Craig burns Peoria and takes all its inhabi-
tants prisoners; Second Expedition to Peoria Lake; Indian Murders; Illinois
and Missouri send two expeditions up the Missouri in 1814: Their Battles and
Disasters........
XXV. CIVIL AFFAIRS OF THE ILLINOIS TERRITORY FROM 1812 TO 1818.
Meeting of the Legislature; The Members; Laws: Conflicts between the Legis-
lature and Judiciary; Curious Acts; Territorial Banks; Commerce; First
Steamboats; Pursuits of the People.......
268
283
XXVI. ORGANIZATION OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT.
Administration of Gov. Bond; Our Northern Boundary; First Constitutional
Convention and something of the instrument framed; Gov. Bond; Lieut.-Gov.
Menard; Meeting of the Legislature and election of State Officers; First
Supreme Court; Hard Times and First State Bank; Organization of Courts. 295
XXVII ADMINISTRATION OF GOV COLES.
A resume of Slavery in Illinois from its earliest date; Indentured Slaves
Black Laws; Life and Character of Gov. Coles; The effort to make Illinois a
Slave State in 1824.
309
XXVIII. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS.
Legislative-Reorganization of the Judiciary; Chief Justice Wilson; Hubbard
as Governor ad interim; Population of 1820; Visit of Layfayette...
XXIX. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV, EDWARDS.
Campaign of 1826; The Gubernatorial Candidates; Contest between Daniel P.
Cook and Joseph Duncan for Congress; Character of Edwards' speeches; His
charges against the State Bank Officers and result of the inquiry into their
conduct; Repeal of the Circuit Court System; Gov. Edwards claims for the
State title to all public lands within her limits....
XXX. 1830-A RETROSPECT.
Advance of the settlements: Note; Galena, its early history; Origin of the
term "Sucker:" Douglas' humorous account of it; Trials and troubles of
Pioneers in new counties; European Colonist; Financial condition of the
State; Trade and Commerce; Early Mail Routes; Newspapers and Literati;
Politics of the People; Militia System..........
XXXI. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. REYNOLDS.
The Gubernatorial Candidates; Their Lives and Characters; The Campaign;
The Wiggins' Loan; Impeachment of Supreme Judge Smith; W. L. D. Ewing
Governor for 15 days..
XXXII. BLACK HAWK WAR.
Winnebago Hostilities; Indians unable to resist the encroachments of the
Miners; Coalition with the Sioux; Attack on a steamboat; Compelled to sue
for Peace.
2. Sacs and Foxes; Blackhawk; Keokuk; Sac Villages; Invasion of the State;
Militia and Regulars brought into requisition; March to the scene of danger;
Black Hawk compelled to enter into a treaty of peace......
328
335
346
363
...... 370
XXXIII. 1832-SECOND CAMPAIGN OF THE WAR. Blackhawk induced by White Cloud to recross the Mississippi; Refuses to obey
the order of Gen. Atkinson to return; State forces reorganized; March to
Rock River and unite with the Regulars; Army proceeds up the river in
pursuit of the enemy; Battle of Stillman's Run; Call for fresh troops; The
old forces disbanded..
........
XXXIV. 1832—THIRD CAMPAIGN OF THE WAR. Requisition for additional troops; Attack on Apple Creek Fort: Capt.Stephens' Encounter with the Indians; Organization of the New Levies; Battle of
Kellogg's Grove; Battle of the Wisconsin.....
XXXV-1832-CLOSE OF THE WAR.
381
390
Pursuit of the Indians; Battle of Bad Axe; Arrival of Gen. Scott; Treat-
ies with the Indians; Eastern tour of the Prisoners; Death of Black Hawk. 401
XXXVI-1834-1838-ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. DUNCAN.
The Campaign; Life and Character of Duncan; More State Banks and what
became of them; Slavery Agitation by Lovejoy; his death....
XXXVII-STATE INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT SYSTEM........
XXXIII-1838-1842-ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. CARLIN.
416
433
Continuance of the subject of Internal Improvement; Collapse of the grand
system; Hard Times: Reorganization of the judiciary in 1841................................................. 441
XXXIX-1842-1846-ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. FORD.
The Campaign; Life and character of Gov. Ford; Lt. Gov. Moor; Means
of Relief from Financial embarrassments; The State at the turning point;
Restoration of her credit......
462
XL-THE ILLINOIS AND MICHIGAN CANAL.
Trials and troubles incident to its construction..
XLI--1840-4--MORMONS OR LATTER DAY SAINTS.
474
Joe Smith: Prophetic mission: Followers remove to Missouri; Expulsion
from the State: Settlement in Illinois: Obnoxious Nauvoo charter and or-
dinances; Arrest and acquittal of Smith; His assassination......
489
XLII-1844-6-MORMON WAR.
Manner of Smith's death: Character of the Mormons; Apostles assume the
government of the Church; Trial and and acquittal of the assassins: Saints
driven from the vicinity of Lima and Green Plains; Leading Mormons re-
tire across the Mississippi; Battle at Nauvoo; Expulsion of the inhabitants.. 508
XLIII-ILLINOIS IN THE MEXICAN WAR....
522
XLIV--CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION OF 1847, AND SOMETHING OF THE
ORGANIC LAW FRAMED BY IT.
543
XLV-1846-1852--ADMINISTRATION OF GOV, FRENCH.
Lives and character of the Gubernatorial candidates: Funding of the State
debt; Refusal of the people to give the Legislature control of the 2 mill tax;
Township organization; Homestead Exemption; The Bloody Island Dike
and a speck of War; State policy regarding railroads
XLVI-THE ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD.
Congressional grant of land; Holdbrook Charter; Bondholder's scheme: The
7 per cent. of its gross earnings; Passage of its Charter; Benefits the Com-
pany, the State, and individuals; Note; Jealousy of politicians on account of
its glory; Correspondenc of Messrs. Breese and Douglas...................
551
571
XLVII-OUR FREE OR STOCK BANKS.
How a bank might be started; The small note act; Panic of 1854; Revulsion
of 1857; Winding up..
585
XLVIII-1853-1857-ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. MATTESON.
Democratic and Whig Conventions; Sketches of the Gubernatorial candi-
dates; Financial condition and physical development of the State; Legisla-
tion 1853-5; Maine Law and riot at Chicago; Our common Schools and trials
in the establishment of the Free School system..
XLIX-DUELS IN ILLINOIS AND ATTEMPTS AT DUELS.
Affairs of honor and personal difficulties,..........
599
618
L-1852-1856-ORGANIZATION OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY.
The Illinois Wilmot Proviso; Dissolution of the Whig party; Repeal of the
Mo. Compromise; Intense political feeling; Douglas denied free speech in
Chicago: Know nothingism: Democratic and Republican Conventions of
1856; Result of the campaign; Lincoln's plea for harmony at the Chicago
banquet........
LI-1857-1861--ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. BISSEL.
Life and character of the Governor, Gross attack upon him in the Legisla-
ture on account of his dueling affair, Turbulence of party strife and want
of official courtesy, Disgraceful action in organizing the house, Apportion-
ment bills of 1857-9, Canal scrip fraud, The Macalister and Stebbins
bonds
635
656
LII--OUR SENATORS IN CONGRESS.
Their lives and characters; Senatorial contest between Lincoln and Douglas
in 1858.......
679
LIII--1861-1865--ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. YATES.
Party conventions of 1850; The two great labor systems of the country in di-
rect antagonism; Life and character of Gov. Yates; Lieut. Gov. Hoffman;
Condition of the State and comparative growth since 1850.....
LIV-ILLINOIS IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.
Slavery; Sectional antagonism; Secession; Inauguration of Lincoln; Call for
volunteers; Proclamation of Gov. Yates; Uprising of the people.......
LV-1861-1864--ILLINOIS IN THE REBELLION.
Unprecedented success in furnishing men; Patriotic efforts of women; Mil-
itary operations within the State...
LVI--1861-2--ILLINOIS IN MISSOURI.
Battles of Lexington, Monroe, Charleston, Fredericktown, Belmont and Pea
Ridge.......
LVII--1861-2--ILLINOIS ON THE CUMBERLAND, TENNESSEE AND MISSISSIPPI.
Battles of Forts Henry and Donelson; Capture of Columbus, New Madrid
and Island No. 10..
716
722
732
746
757
LVIII--1862--ILLINOIS IN NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI AND ALABAMA.
Battle of Pittsburg Landing; Mitchell's campaign; Siege of Corinth........ 709
LIX--1862--ILLINOIS IN KENTUCKY, NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI AND MIDDLE
TENNESSEE.
Battles of Perryville, Bolivar, Britton's Lane, Iuka, Corinth and Stone River. 785
LX--1862-3--ILLINOIS IN THE VICKSBURG CAMPAIGNS.
Movements on the Mississippi, Battles of Coffeeville, Holly Springs, Par-
ker's Cross Roads, Chickasaw Bayou and Arkansas Post.
LXI-1863--ILLINOIS IN THE VICKSBURG CAMPAIGNS.
799
Battles of Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills and Black River :
Grierson's Raid, Siege and capture of Vicksburg....
811
LXII--ILLINOIS IN THE CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN.
Battles of Chicamauga, Wauhatchie, Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge,
Relief of Knoxville............
825