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excavated in 1902 and 1903 by Mr. Theodore N. Davis, who has most generously published a detailed description both of it and its contents (The Tomb of Thothmes IV., London, 1904). The tomb lies on the eastern side of the valley, and the descent to it is made by a flight of steps; it consists of a well, a hall, a flight of steps, a sloping corridor, a second flight of steps, a vestibule, a short passage, and the chamber which contains the sarcophagus. The sarcophagus was found to be empty. In the paintings on the walls of the well and vestibule the king is depicted standing before Osiris, Anubis, Hathor, and Khenti-Amenti. A hieratic inscription states that the tomb was repaired or restored in the reign of Heru-em-heb, the last king of the XVIIIth dynasty. The inscribed sarcophagus is rounded at the top and measures 10 feet by 6 feet 6 inches by 5 feet 4 inches. The mummy is that of a man, "young, clean-shaven, and effeminate," 5 feet 6 inches high; the head has a cephalic index of 777, which places it in the mesaticephalic group. Circumcision had been performed. According to Mr. G. Elliot Smith, Thothmes IV. was about 25 years of age when he died.

In the sarcophagus chamber the body of a chariot was found. This magnificent object is now in the Museum at Cairo, and is one of the most interesting objects of the period which has ever been found. No one who is interested in Egyptian antiquities should fail to see it. On the right side of the chariot (exterior) the king, accompanied by the god of war, Menthu, is seen in his chariot charging the foe and shooting arrows among the hostile charioteers; on the left side (exterior) the king is seen in his chariot riding down his foes and slaying numbers of them. On the inside of the chariot Thothmes is depicted in the form of a humanheaded lion, the paws of which rest upon the prostrate forms of enemies. The nations conquered come from Nehiren, Sanker, Tunep, Shasu, Keṭesh, Thikhisa, and other regions.

(For further particulars about the chariot, see Professor Maspero's account in Mr. Davis's Tomb of Thothmes IV.).

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In a corner of a small chamber by the side of the sar cophagus chamber, "resting in an erect position against the 'wall, was a denuded mummy of a boy, whose stomach and "cage had been ripped open by the ancient plunderers "with a very sharp knife" (Mr. Howard Carter, in Tomb of Thothmes IV., p. 10).

VI. (No. 22). Tomb of Amen-ḥetep III.-This tomb is in the Western Valley, and it seems not to have been finished. Its total length is about 370 feet, and, like many of the best tombs, it contains a deep, rectangular shaft, commonly called a well, which was intended either to bar the way of the thief, or to mislead him. The scenes on the walls represent the king standing before gods of the Underworld, and are unimportant, but the astronomical scenes painted on the ceilings are of considerable interest. The sarcophagus is broken, and the mummy was hidden in a chamber in the tomb of Amen-hetep II., where it was found by M. Loret in 1899.

VII. (No. 23). Tomb of Ai.-This tomb is in the Western Valley, and is called Tomb of the Apes, because of the picture of 12 apes, which probably forms part of the vignette of the First Hour of the Night.

VIII. (No. 16). Tomb of Rameses I.-This tomb was discovered by Belzoni and excavated by M. Loret; the royal sarcophagus, made of granite, is in its chamber. The mummy was found at Dêr al-Baharî by Professor Maspero, and is now in the museum at Cairo.

IX. (No. 17). Tomb of Seti I., called also "Belzoni's Tomb," because it was discovered by him in 1817. This is the most important and interesting of all the royal tombs,

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I. Ground plan of the Tomb of Seti I., B.C. 1366.
II. Section of the Tomb of Seti I.

(From Lepsius. Denkmäler, Abth. I., Bl. 96.)

and should be carefully examined, because it may be regarded as the best known type of the tombs which were planned by the priests of Amen. The walls are ornamented with texts and mythological and religious scenes which refer to the passage of the Sun, and of the king also, through the Underworld. On the walls of the sloping corridor is a copy of the "Book of the Praisings of Ra," and on those of the chambers are the texts and vignettes of 11 of the 12 sections of the "Book of that which is in the Underworld"; the twelfth section is, for some extraordinary reason, omitted. A copy of the first half of the short form of this work is also written on some of the walls, and the scribe was stopped so suddenly in his work that he did not finish the section which he had begun. It will be noticed that some of the figures of gods, etc., are only traced in outline, a fact which suggests that the tomb was not finished when the king died, and that afterwards no attempt was made to finish it. It is impossible to describe the scenes on the walls in detail; it is sufficient to draw attention to the excellence and beauty of the paintings and sculptures, and to point out that the whole series refers to the life of the king in the Underworld. The tomb is entered by means of two flights of steps, at the bottom of which is a passage terminating in a deep well. Beyond this are two halls having four and two pillars respectively, and to the left are the passages and small chambers which lead to the large six-pillared hall and vaulted chamber in which stood the sarcophagus of Seti I. Here also is an inclined plane which descends into the mountain for a considerable distance; from the level of the ground to the bottom of this incline the depth is about 150 feet; the length of the tomb is nearly 500 feet. The designs on the walls were first sketched in outline in red, and the alterations by the master designer or artist were made in black. The mummy of Seti I., found at Dêr al-Baharî, is preserved in the Museum

at Cairo. The beautiful alabaster sarcophagus of Seti I., inscribed with the texts and scenes of the "Book of the Gates," was taken to London by Belzoni and sold by him to Sir John Soane for £2,000; this magnificent object is now in the Soane Museum in Lincoln's Inn Fields, London. The wooden statue of the king from his tomb is

in the British Museum.

X. (No. 7). Tomb of Rameses II.-This tomb has become choked with sand and limestone fragments, in such a way that it appears to have been filled up on purpose; it was probably faulty in construction. The mummy of the king was found at Dêr al-Baharî in a coffin, which may possibly be the work of the XXIInd dynasty, and is now in the Egyptian Museum at Cairo.

XI. (No. 10). Tomb of Amen-meses.—A man who usurped the royal power for a short time; the tomb is in a ruined condition.

XII. (No. 8). Tomb of Mer-en-Ptaḥ (Menephthah). -This tomb is decorated with texts from the "Book of the Praisings of Ra," and from the "Book of the Gates"; the sarcophagus is in its chamber. The mummy of the king was found by M. Loret in the tomb of Amen-hetep II. in 1899, and is now in the Egyptian Museum at Cairo. This tomb was completely excavated in 1903-04 by Mr. Howard Carter, to whose description of it, published in Annales du Service, tom. VI, fasc. 2, p. 116, I owe the plan here given.

XIII. (No. 15). Tomb of Seti II.-This tomb appears not to have been finished. It was completely cleared out by Mr. Howard Carter in 1903-04 at the expense of Mrs. Goff.

XIV. (No. 14). Tomb of Set-nekht, father of Rameses III.; the tomb was originally made for the queen Ta-usert, whose inscriptions and figures were obliterated by Set-nekht.

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