From the historical part of Mr. Bonnor's work wefelect a pleasing specimen: "GOODRICH CHALICE, The "Ufed in adminiftering the Sacrament, involves too interefting a portion of hif tory to be omitted. It was drawn with permiflion of the Rev. Henry Williams, M. A. vicar of this church, 1795. The Rev. Thomas Swift, vicar of Goodrich, who was grandfather to Dean Swift, of St. Patrick's, in Ireland; and married Elizabeth Dryden, fifter to the father of John Dryden the Poet (by whom he had ten fons and four daughters), at the time of the Rebellion, was remarkably zealous and active for the Royal Party, and is defcribed as having been confpicuously courageous, and fhrewd in his inventions to diftrefs the enemy. Lord Clarendon obferves, that "the King received no relief that was more feafonable or acceptable" than a fum this Clergyman collected, by mortgaging his eftate, and every other means in his power, with which he repaired to Ragland caftle, whither his Majefty had retired after the battle of Nafeby, "when his diftrefs was very great, and his refources entirely cut off." Governor, with whom he was acquainted, - asked his errand: I am come,' faid he, to give his Majefty my coat.' As he took it off, the Governor pleafantly replied, "it is of little worth." 'Why then,' faid Swift, take my waistcoat;' which being ripped, was found to contain 300 broad pieces of gold. His mother was fo capricious and ill-natured as to difinherit him (though an only child) merely for robbing an orchard when he was a boy. Befides his church preferments of Goodrich and Bridstow, he had a temporal eftate of about 100l. per annum in the parishes of Goodrich and Marstow. His ability and exertions drew down the refentment of the Earl of Stamford, Captain Kyrle, and the other officers acting under the Earl at Goodrich Caftle, who purfued him and his family with the fulleft measure of rancour and oppreffion. They likewife charged him with having purchased arms, and fent them to Monmouth; and with preaching at Rofs from "Give unto Cæfar the things which are Cæfar's;" in which he was accufed of rendering to Cæfar more than his due. He was ejected from his living of Good rich in March 1616; his eftates fequeftered the 4th of Auguft following, and himself imprisoned. Being again at liberty, he performed the duties of his profeffion (in thofe families which, in better times, had been committed to his care), from houfe to houfe, adminiftering the Sacrament from this chalice, which he bore about with him for that purpofe; and in the year 1658, the 63d year of his age, he died, which was near two years before the return of King Charles II.; of course the promised promotions which his "fufferings and fervices" had occafioned the King to declare it was his intention to reward him with, if ever God should retore him, he never enjoyed. The following infcriptions, engraved upon the foot of this chalice, by the directions of Dean Swift, in the manner reprefented in the print of it, fig. 4, pl. XI. will add an authoritative close to its hiftory: Upper fide: "Jonath. Swift, S.T. D. Decan. Ecclef. St. Pat. Dubl". hunc Calicem Ecclef. de Goderidge facrum voluit." Under fide: "Tho. Swift, hujus Ecclef. Vica. notus in hiftoriis ob ea quæ fecit et paffus eft pro Car jmo, ex hoc Calice ægrotantibus propinavit eundem Calice'-Jonath. Swift, S.T.D. Decan. Ecclef. St. Pat. Dublin. Thomæ ex filio nepos, huic Ecclef. in perpetuum dedicat. 1726." 26. The Life and Exploits of the ingenious Gentleman, Don Quixote, de la Mancha; containing his fourth Sally, and the fifth Part of his Adventures: written by the Licentiate Alonfo Fernandez de Avellaneda, Native of the Town of Tordefillas. With Illuftrations and Corrections by the Licentiate Don Ifidro Perales y Torres. And now firft tranflated from the Spanish. 3 vols. THOSE among our Readers who have the happinefs of being acquainted with the Tranflator of thefe volumes (who, if we miftake not, is fon of the late Sir Andrew Fountaine), and have witneffed the brilliancy of his wit, and the folidity of his judgment, will beft be able to appreciate the unaffected modefty of the following Preface: illuftrative of two rival Authors, who have detailed the heroic deeds and hair-breadth fcapes of the renowned Knight of La Mancha; and accurately characterizing their refpective degrees of merit. This we confidently affert, after an attentive re-perufal of the four volumes of Cervantes, in the perhaps faithful (for we pretend not to underftand the Spanish) but fomewhat homely tranflation of Dr. Smollett, and alfo of the three volumes that are now for the first time tranflated from the origi nal; which, whatever may be thought of Avellaneda, deferve much commenda. tion for confpicuous purity of language. "In this age of literary deception, when Truth herself is regarded with fuf picion, from the attempts of unblushing Imposture to affume her femblance, it may may be neceffary to fay fomething of a work, whofe very exiftence might be doubted, were it not recorded by the rival pen of Cervantes. That it should have continued in filence and oblivion during the lapse of near two centuries, can be attributed only to the fuppofed fidelity of the French translation; or that the fuperior merit of the original Don Quixote was fo evident, that to enter the lifts with its author was an undertaking nearly as romantic as any afcribed to the hero of the tale. Anxious to fee that in the original, of which I had met with no tranflation but through the medium of the French language, I procured, by the kind intervention of a friend, the work of Avellaneda from Spain. I at firft amufed myself with tranflating detached paffages; but afterward, finding it to be nearly as different from the French tranflation as from the continuation by Cervantes, I extended my plan; and, having completed my tafk, have been induced to prefent it to the publick, from the confideration of its being the only genuine reprefentation of the original in the English language. Although it is not my intention to enter into minute criticifm, it may not be improper to offer a few words on the merit of my author. After fuch numerous teftimonies of approbation, which, as a corroborating mark of authenticity, I have been induced to preferve; little perhaps will be expected from me but accumulation of praife, and diverfification of panegyric: yet I am not prepared to fubfcribe implicitly either to the opinions of the Spanish licencers, or the fentiments of the French critics. I can neither fee the great fuperiority of this author over Cervantes, nor compromife their merits, by allowing the praife of invention to the one, and the glory of completion to the other. In every point of view, I behold Cervantes unrivalled; but though I join cordially with that great man, in his reprobation of the malevolent fcurrility of Avellaneda's Preface, I confefs, that fome of his objections to the Aragonian appear to me fo weak, as almoft to give the victory to his competitor. That he calls the wife of Sancho Panza Mary Gutierrez, would be a trifling fault, even if Cervantes himfelf had not fet him the example; that he writes in the dialect of Aragon, though an objection that has its weight with a Spaniard, is, as the French critics obferve, of no confequence when tranflated into any other language; and the circumftance of making Don Quixote renounce his attachment Dulcinea, though perhaps reprehenfible in the conduct of the ftory, is yet venial, if the fpirit of it be preferved in other refpects. It is from the comparifon be to tween the two writers, which the French critics have inftituted, and from which they have decided in favour of Avellaneda, that the fuperiority of Cervantes will appear. The language of Sancho, they fay, is better adapted to the person of an igno-rant countryman; yet this, I apprehend, is no recommendation; and, however the Spanish courtiers of those days might be amufed with his fimplicities, as the author ftyles them, I much doubt whether they would afford equal entertainment at this time. The Sancho of Cervantes has undoubtedly much more wit, and perhaps lefs of nature, than his competitor. But let it be remembered, that imitations of Nature, to produce delight, fhould not be too clofe; for what fhall we fay of that man who could prefer the waxen exhibitions at a country wake to the Venus de Medici, or the Apollo Belvidere? Yet the former have been miftaken for real perfonages, the latter never. Between the works of Nature and of Art a ftrong line of difcrimination should be drawn; and each. is most perfect, when refembling, but incapable of being confounded with, the productions of its rival. In dramatic fcenery, every one knows that the characters require heightening beyond the bounds of common life; and the fools of Shakspeare would be much more difgufting, were their language and converfation that of boorish ignorance, or illiberal rudenefs. Yet Avel. laneda has fcarcely allowed common fenfe to his Sancho; for where is the man, with the leaft fhadow of reafon, who could talk of writing loud to a deaf perfon? The moft ftupid cannot mistake in a matter of that kind, or apply an object of fight, even in imagination, to the organ of hearing. Against the Hero himself nearly the fame objection may be urged. I behold him degraded below his original character-he has no lucid interval, as in Cervantes, beaming with deep fense, and boundle's knowledge. In vain fhall we look for thofe difquifitions, which the imagination of Cervantes was capable of conceiving; in vain fhall we look for those nice fhades of character, which even in his madnefs difcriminate our hero from the unhappy maniacs which, nature produces. It was referved perhaps for Shakfpeare and Cervantes to depict lunacy in a form neither unnatural nor difgufting, where the intellect fhall be ftrong, and unclouded, except on the particular fub ject of the difeafe; and where the replies fhall be pregnant with good fenfe, even in the paroxyfms of madnefs. But, when I thus acknowledge the inferiority of Avellaneda, let it not be imagined that he poffeffes no merit, because his rival enjoys fo large a portion, I had merely faid thus much, much, that the reader may not raife his ideas too high, in expecting a work equal to that of Cervantes, or form of the tranflator an opinion too low, in fuppofing he entertained fuch fentiments. What the merit of Avellaneda is, muft be left to the judgment of each perfon to appreciate." With me, I confefs, he does not rank high; and I fhould be inclined to affign him a place among thofe authors, who (to ufe the words of Horace) are Extremi primorum, extremis ufque priores." In my tranflation I have chiefly ftudied fidelity and correctnefs. Having no predeceffor of whote labours I could avail myfelf, I was not willing to facrifice much to the graces of ftyle; and was rather anxious to reprefent my author as he is, than attempt in any inftance to infert beauties which he does not poffefs, or conceal faults which he may have committed. On this account, I have preferved fome, paffages which I at firft thought of pafsing over as tedious; and have omitted nothing but a few trifling paragraphs, which the refinement of this age, and the delicacy of this nation, would ill endure. Of the poetical parts I am not anxious to claim the merit, nor am I willing to incur the cenfure; they were fupplied at my requeft by a friend, whofe readiness of compliance he will permit me thus publicly to acknowledge. That the adept in Spanish literature, however, may not fuffer from this circumftance, the original pieces are fubjoined at the end of the volumes. Notwithstanding more than one careful revifion of this tranflation, I am confcious that it is not without defects; but, when it is confidered that I have fupplied that which no one has hitherto undertaken, I hope I may efcape blame, if I do not deferve praife. A future tranflator may exprefs himself with more vigour of language, more grace of diction, or greater harmony of period; but he will not, I truft, find many paffages where I have mistaken the meaning, or mireprefented the fenfe of the original. If it be obferved that I have done little, let it be remembered, that, in a fituation where moft men have contented themfelves with doing nothing, I have performed fome fervice, however fmall, to the literary world; and, to ufe the words of Pliny, it must be a very bad book indeed that does not contai fomething good. The work of Le Sage was tranflated by Capt. Steevens early in the 18th century; and a Mr. Baker copied Capt. Steevens, and published his book in 1756; and the fame was re-printed in 1760. Thefe circunftances are mentioned in a Pofticript to another tranf lation from the French by W. Augufus Yardley, efq.*; a copy, of which, inferted in the Novelifts' Magazine for 1784, was fent to the tranflator; and was partly the occafion of his offering this to the publick, tranflated from the Spanish." To authenticate the Work, are prefixed the original "Dedication to the Alcade Magifirates and Gentlemen of la Mancha, the happy Country of the the noble Town of Argamafilla in renowned Knight Don Quixote, Luminary of the Profeffors of Knighterrantry;"the feveral original licences and approbations to the first edition in 1614; which in 1731 were renewed, by Don Augulin de Montiano y Luyando, in which he fays, "I have reviewed the fecond part of Don Quixote, written by the licentiate. Alonzo Fernández de Avellaneda. The opportunity of reading it (which has been my earneft wifh for many years) has afforded me great pleasure; as I had difcovered in the Don Quixote of Cervantes forne fevere ftrictures on this, with the folidity of which I was not fatisfied: I was the more anxious to meet with the original, in order to be convinced whether there was caufe fufficient to juftify them. It happened otherwife; and I truft no judicious man will decide in favour of the affertions of Cervantes, when he compares the two fecond parts; for the adventures of this Don Quixote are more natural, and adhere to the ftri&t rule of probability. The fame character that fhews itfelf in his fit fally, is fuftained fometimes with lefs extravagance, confequently with more refemblance; and in what relates to Sancho, who will fay that the droll rufticity of a villager is not more clofely imitated in this of Avellaneda? It appears to me difficult to re-, concile the extreme fimplicity, fometimes difcovered by the Sancho of Cervantes, with the delicate archnefs he makes ute of at others, and the peculiar diferetion that he evinces in many cafes; to that we cannot help feeling that Sancho fpeaks and acts like the author, inftead of fpeaking and acting like himfelf. On the contrary, his character in Avellaneda never varies from the fpecimen he gives us at the commencement, nor does he go beyond himself in actions, words, or judg ment, fo far as to make us forget him; his wit has relifh; he is neither fo dull, for fo devoid of humour, as Cervantes would have us think: and I believe, that in this inftance he gave way to that dif pleasure which his better judgment would have corrected, had he written without the prejudice which the offence committed against him excited, and unfupported by the boundless applaufes which he fo defervedly received from ours, as well as foreign nations. Few men, when irritated from diminished favour and pa tronage, know how to keep their temper; and it is not therefore to be wondered at, if the brilliant understanding of Cervantes were clouded on a fubject he thought contrary, in every refpect, to his own intereft." cited in the public mind an ardent defire to know what, after fo many changes, is now the religious code among the mafs of the French people. The dominion of the priests was for years rejected: even Chriftianity itself was fuppofed to be thrown away; and infidelity and atheifm were faid to reign. By intelligent minds it was always perceived, that fuch a ftate of things could not long continue; but that into one form or another of the Christian religion they would ere long fubfide. This has actually taken place; and a large pro portion of the people have returned again into the bofom of their old mother, the Church of Rome. Of this communion the Emperor profeffes himself to be*; This is followed by the Licence of and, being full of projects on all kinds of the Ordinary, Don Miguel Gomez le things, he is determined to have uniEfcobar: the Approbation of the Li-formity in the Roman Catholic Church in his dominions. For this purpose he centiate Don Francifco Domingo, &c.; has appointed the Clergy to draw up this the King's Licence, dated 1730; and an Catechifm; the Doctrinal part of which ample Criticifm on La Sage's French (Mr. B. fays) is as little exceptionable tranflation, by the Authors of the "Journal des Scavans," publifhed in 1704. In one of the pleafing little novels with which the rival works abound, we meet with a word in the new traufFation, which (in the fenfe there ufed) we have never before obferved in print. A Spanish nobleman, returning home after a fhort abfence, found his lady in confinement. In our younger days, on the authority of Bailey and of Johnfon, we should have confidered this to have been an imprifonment, and have imagined that the heroine had, by fome enchanter or fell giant, been fecured in a difmal dungeon. But the context relieves us from this embarraffinent, by the information that her confinement was merely the refult of an increase in the nobleman's family. The ufe of the word, however, in this ambiguous fenfe, we are aware, is juftified by modern refinement, and fhall only obferve, that the ftory in which it here occurs is one which muft harrow up every tender emotion of the heart.. 27. A Catechism for the Ufe of all the Churches in the French Empire; to which are prefixed the Pope's Bull, and the Archbishop's Mandamus. Tranflated from the Original, with an Introduction and Notes, by David Bogue. "THE aftonishing events which, during the laft 17 years, have taken place in France, have turned the eyes of eyery man of reflection to that country of wonders. As the influence of religion on the manners and deftinies of a people muft be univerfally acknowledged, there is ex as any. The reader will here find the mere facts recorded in the Sacred Scriptures, and the general principles of Chrif tianity arifing out of them, and depending upon them."-"In the fpecification of moral obligations, the Catechifm prefents to the reader many branches of Chriftian duty with great fairnefs and precifion. This indeed is what we might reasonably expect; for fo clear and reasonable are the duties which the word of God inculcates, that perfons can hardly mifs them, when it is really their purpofe to exhibit them to view. But there is at the fame time a great defe&t; the duties are all on one fide. It may be confidered as among the ftrong internal evidences of the divine origin of the New Teftament, that relative duties are all ftated with perfect fairness and impartiality. Parents and children, mafters and fervants, rulers and fubjects, are equally taught what they ought to be, and what they ought to do. Here, on the contrary, we meet with but one fide. What inferiors owe to their fuperiors is but what fuperiors owe to their inferiors minutely detailed, and fternly enjoined ; will be fought for in vain: not a word on the fubject is to be found." * A Clergyman of a neutral nation, who left Paris a few weeks fince, writes thus to a correfpondent in England: "The Emperor's chapel at St. Cloud is remarkably plain and decent. If I recollect right, except a fmall filver crucifix on the altar, there is not an image, a cross, or a painting in it. Buonaparte, however deftitute of real religion he may be thought to be, regularly attends at his private chapel in the Thuilleries, and St. Cloud, on a Sunday morning, with his family.” Thus Thus far from the Tranflator's Introduction; and the following quotation will ferve to illuftrate his laft remark: "Q. What are the duties of Chriftians in regard to the Princes who govern them; and, in particular, what are our duties towards Napoleon the First, our Emperor? A. Chriftians owe to the Princes who overn them, and we owe in particular to Napoleon the Firft, our Emperor, love, refpect, obedience, fidelity, military ferpice and the tributes ordained for the prefervation and the defence of the Empire and of his Throne; befides, we owe him fervent prayers for his fafety, and for the temporal and fpiritual profperity of the State. "Q. Why are we bound to all thefe duties towards our Emperor? "A. First, becaufs God, who creates empires, and who diftributes them according to his will, in loading our Emperor with favours, whether in peace or war, has established him our Sovereign, has made him the minifter of his power, and his image on earth. To honour and ferve our Emperor is therefore to honour and ferve God himfelf. Secondly, becaufe our Lord Jefus Chrift, as well by his doctrine as by his example, has himfelf taught us what we owe to our Sovereign. He was born under obedience to the deeree of Cæfar Auguftus; he paid the tribute prefcribed; and, in the fame manner as he has commanded to render to God what belongs to God, he has alfo commanded to render to Cæfar what belongs 10 Cæfar. "Q. Are there not particular motives which ought to attach us more strongly to Napoleon the First, our Emperor? "A. Yes; for he it is whom God has raifed up, in difficult circumstances, to re-eftablish the public worship of our fathers' holy religion, and to be the protector of it. He has restored and preferved public order by his profound and active wisdom; he defends the State by his powerful arm, and is become the anointed of the Lord by the confecration which he has received from the chief Pontiff, head of the univerfal Church. "Q. What are we to think of thofe who fhould fail in their duty towards the Emperor? A. According to St. Paul the Apoftle, they would refift the order established by God himself, and would render themselves worthy of eternal damnation. "Q. Are the duties by which we are bound towards our Emperor equally binding towards his legitimate fucceffors, according to the order eftablished by the Conftitution of the Empire? "A. Yes, undoubtedly; for we read in facred Scripture that God, the Lord of heaven and earth, by a difpofition of his fupreme will, and by his providence, gives empires not only to a person in particular, but alfo to his family." The Introduction thus proceeds: "Worship forms a third divifion of the Catechifm, and occupies a much larger fpace than both the others. Concerning prayer, fome good ideas are to be found, and fome pious remarks concerning the Lord's Supper; but here the portion of exceptionable matter is far greater than under the former heads." After clearly pointing out thefe errors, and ably combating them, Mr. Bogue obferves: "If we may judge from this fpecimen, the Romish religion in France is nearly the fame as it was before the Revolution. Much of its pomp and fplendour it has loft: its immenfe endowments and its princely revenues are all gone; but its fpirit and its pretenfions are ftill the fame. The beaft, a non defcript, has loft its fleeknefs and its corpulence, its fat and its fize; fcarcely any thing remains but fkin and bones, and it is chained: but it growls as loud as it did before; and it barks as fiercely as in the days of old, at thofe who refute to throw it a fop. Not one doctrine to which Proteftants ob jected, is laid afide; not one opinion which was abhorred as antichriftian, is lopped off." 28. Feftuca Grammatica; the Child's Guide to fome Principles of the Latin Grammar, in which the original and natural Delineation of the Verb is reflored; and the Government of Nouns is reduced, by Means of the English Particles, to fix certain Rules most easy to be comprehended by Children; with a Phrafeologicon of the regular Latin Syntax, fhewing its very extenfive Analogy with the English to be a true and mofi ready Medium, through which to initiate a young English Scholar in the Latin Tongue. By the Rev. Richard Lyne, Author of the Latin Primer. "THE defign of this book may be foon and eafily accomplished. Its defign is to inform the minds of children with a know ledge of fome principles of the Latin Grammar; and for this I have here comprised and compreffed, as plainly as I could, all that, after five and twenty years' expe rience of teaching, I believed to be neceflary, as a first step. After this, and again after a like ftep in the Greek, I moft earnestly recommend Nugent's English Tranflations of the Port Royal Gram mars, |