a few Arabs, who encamped around them under tents. M. de Champmartin says, that the ruins of those towns, drawings of which he brings with him, will appear more striking than those of Balbec or Palmyra. rated from the hospitable virtues of their ancesThe Arabs of this district, have not degenetors, and they welcomed, with feelings of the travellers, who at once supposed themselves most pure and generous brotherhood, our three transported to the tents of Jacob and his offspring. has greatly expanded our views" of the mani-cula that eludes the finest glass. He is every fold wisdom of God." This instrument, which where present, and, by his power, intelligence, discovers to us small objects invisible to the na- and agency, animates, supports, and directs the ked eye, was invented soon after the invention whole. Such views, and contemplations natuand improvement of the telescope. By means rally lead us to advert to the character of God of this optical contrivance, we perceive a va- as delineated by the sacred writers, that, "He riety of wonders in almost every object in the is of great power, and mighty is his strength," animal, the vegitable, and the mineral king- that, "his understanding is infinite," that, "his doms. We perceive that matter, however mi- works are wonderful," that "his operations are nute, has a determinative form-that the very unsearchable and past finding out" and they scales on the skin of a haddock, are beautifully must excite the devout mind to join with ferinterwoven and variegated, like a piece of net vour in the language of adoration and praise. work, which no art can imitate; that the prickWhen thy amazing works, O God! les of vegetables though magnified a thousand My mental eye surveys, times, appear as sharp and well polished as to "Transported with the view, I'm lost In wonder, love and praise." the naked eye; that every particle of dust on a butterfly's wings is a beautiful and regularly organised feather; that every bair of our head is a hollow tube, with bulbs and roots, furnished with a variety of threads or filaments, and that the pores in our skins, through which they sweat and perspiration flow, are so numerous and minute that a grain of sand would cover a hundred and twenty-five thousand of them. We perceive animated beings in certain li-M. de Champmarn visited and made draw-coolness, and without rising from the sitting, quids, so small that fifty thousand of them would not equal the size of a mite: and yet each of these creatures are furnished with a mouth, eyes, stomach, blood vessels, and other organs for the performance of animal func tions. come to Paris. During a stay of seven months at Jerusalem, Amongst the number of episodes which diffuse variety over te labors of our artist, there is one of a nature too extraordinary not to acquaint our readers of. M. de Champmartin ARABIAN ANTIQUITIES. and father Desmazures happended to be, at M. de Champmartin, jr. a French artist, who Constantinople at the time of the massacre of accompanied the Abbe Desmazures to the Ho-the Jannissaries, and during the horrors of the Land, is returned to France; he has just bloody revolution which annihilated them. disembarked at Marseilles, and will presently When the firman of the Grand Seignor arrived, M. de Champmartin was engaged in painting the Seraskier, and the Pacha with imperturable gave orders for the execution of the rebels, the court of the old Seraglio, which then formwhose bodies almost immediately encumbered ed his palace. M. de Champmartin has preserved a copy of this portrait, which it is said, is admirably executed, although the hand of the artist might well have trembled at the thought of the terrible circumstances which it recalled, and at the danger which threatened himself, if any sign or pity had escaped him. ings of all the places which the birth, life and Amongst the compositions with which the It only remains for us to desire the speedy taken with courage, and executed with the publication of these travels, which were undergreatest perseverance, and there is reason to hope that we shall not have to wait long for the will speedily follow that of M. de Champmartin, first numbers. A work of the Abbe Demazures and we shall thus have another monument that ANECDOTES. An old lady on a Sunday, was making dumplings, when two urchins her grand-sons, came to visit her, and being archly disposed, while her back was turned, conveyed some quick silver into the dough, and then took their depart ure. The ancient dame left the care of the In a stagnant pool, which is covered with a greenish scum, during the summer months, eery drop of the water is found to be a world teeming with thousands of inhabitants. The The writer recognized the truth of this picmouldy substance, which usually adheres to ture, traced by an illustrious writer. "I went damp bodies, exhibits a forest of trees and through a long street, still called the Knight's plants, where the branches, leaves, and fruit can street: it is bordered by Gothic buildings; the be plainly distinguished. In a word, by this walls of these buildings are covered with French admirable instrument we behold the same Al- devices, and the armorial bearings of our dismighty hand which rounded the spacious globe tinguished families. I remarked the lillies of on which we live, and the huge masses of the France crowned, and as fresh as if but just from planetary orbs, and directs them in their rapid the hands of the sculptor." notions through the sky, employed at the same M. de Champmartin, having visited the lit-will, without doubt, be welcomed with religious moment in rounding and polishing ten thousand tle island of Cos, so celebrated as the birth interest throughout the whole Christian world. minute and transparent globes in the eye of a place of Hippocrates, made there the drawing fly, and boring and arranging veins and arteries, of a place overshadowed by a vast planetree, and forming and clasping joints and claws, for in which, according to the tradition of the the movements of a mite! We thus learn the country, the divine old man delivered his inadmirable and astonishing effects of the wis-structions to his numerous disciples. dom of God, and that the Divine care and be- The exploration of two ancient towns, Dgernevolence are as much displayed in the con- arch and Amman, situated in the mountains of struction of the smallest insect, as in the ele- Arabia, three days' journey from Jerusalem, phant, or in those ponderous globes which roll presented to the young traveller and bis comaround us in the sky. These and thousands of panions* very interesting subjects of study. cooking to her grand-daughter, and betook herother views which the microscope exhibits, At Dgerach they discovered two superb thea-self to church, charging her to be careful in would never have been displayed to the human tres, the stage of one of which is still perfect. skimming the pot, wherein were concealed the mind, had they not been exposed by this admi-There are also temples in an almost entire state dumplings and a leg of mutton. The girl wa of preservation. Streets are also to be seen very watchful to obey these injunctions, and In fine, by the means of the two instruments ornamented throughout with Ionic columns. taking off the cover, when the pot boiled, out to which I have now adverted, we behold Je- The orders of architecture used, are the Corin-popped a dumpling which she puts in again, hovah's empire extending to infinity on either thian and Ionian. The whole is built of a hard when out bounced another and another, after that, so terrified the girl that she ran all speed hand. By the telescope we are presented with stone, almost granitic; no appearance of marEach column is composed to the church; grand-mother seeing her come the most astonishing displays of his omnipo- ble is to be seen. tence in the immense number, the rapid mo- of only four pieces; including base and capital. shook her head-winking at her, as much as to tions, and inconceivable magnitude of the ce- At Amman, eight leagues from Dgerach, our say, "begone!" At last the girl cried out belestial globes; and by the microscope, we be-travellers also discovered a theatre, several fore the whole congregation, "all your nodding hold what is still more inconceivable, a display grand entrances of exquisite architecture, id and woking is in vain; for the leg of mutton of his unsearchable wisdom in the Divine ne-a bridge which led to the theatre. The Cor - has kicked the dumplings out of the pot." chanism, by which a drop of water is peopled thian and Ionic orders are those alone employwith myriads of inhabitants, a fact which were ed in these different buildings. "I have lived," said Dr. E. D. Clarke, "to it not subject to occular demonstration, would These two towns, which are doubtles of Gre- | know that the great sum of human happiness far exceed the limits of human conception or cran origin, must be traced to a very high anti-is this: never suffer your energies to stagnate, belief. We have thus the most striking and quity. They are at present deserted, and have The old adage of too many irons in the fire, sensible luminaries of heaven, and from the but their ruins alone to bear testimony to their conveys an abominable lie. You cannot have loftiest seraph that stands before the throne of ancient grandeur, while their guardians are but too many; poker, tongs, and all-keep them God, and to the smallest microscopic animalall going." rable invention. Duc de Richelen and Desmazares. account of this imposing and interesting sentiment, that to another, entirely freed from sectarian absurdities, and unintelligible jargon. The latter would necessarily involve what we would wish to have avoided. Its tendency would be to render the population vicious, ignorant, and superstitious; and such a population would be incapable NEW-YORK, SATU pay, October 20, 1827. of self-government. The proposition addressed to our THE OLIVE BRANCH. SECTARIAN CORPORATIONS-NO. 11. ed, when to speak, and when to keep silence. There are times when a single sentence, or even a word, (though founded in truth,) may This be the means of doing much harm. But there are is a time to keep silence. other times when much harm may be prevented by a few words spoken in their proper season. This is a time to speak. The best criterion, therefore, which can be given in this case, (as the case will not admit of any thing more than a general rule,) is, when we can either do good, or prevent evil, understandings in relation to the perpetuation of the re-by speaking, then is the time to speak; but publican system necessarily implies the necessity of so en when speaking can neither do good, nor To effect so important an end as that of the meliora-lightening the mass as to enable them to judge correctly prevent evil, however much we may be tion of society, we would venture the opinion that chil- of every thing relating to their obligations as citizens, to prompted to speak from our feelings, then is dren should rather grow up without instruction than to the end that their suffrages might always be unconta- the time to suppress those feelings, and to be taught from their cradle pernicious errors. It will minated by any extraneous opinions or notions. Hence keep silence. This rule can be learned onbe no advantage to them to receive lessons from teachers the absolute necessity of so directing and liberalising the ly by long experience and constant observation: and each individual must judge for who are ignorant of all the genuine principles of moral minds of the people that they may be enabled at all times himself, or for herself, when to speak and excellence or science. These panders of a false philosophy to grasp the object in view. We would then ask the when to keep silence. No other rules, therefore, can be given can be of no use in bringing about the reformation which question, Is this happy and all-important end likely to be they themselves recommend. They will leave their pu- fulfiled by giving to the Rev. Clergy the sole direction of than such as are general; as the individual pils infinitely worse than they found them; enveloped in the minds of our youth? We trust not. We have ob- cases must all be left to individual judgment; error, and prone to superstition and bigotry. Who can served in another place, that not only the superinten-yet certain rules may be laid down which contemplate the works of an Almighty, and reconcile dence of Sabbath Schools, but almost every literary in-would be profitable to be observed by all. For instance; in a time of danger, it is them with the dogmas of the sectarians of the orthodox stitution in the country, is filled by them, and under faith? The immensity, the courses, the mutual relations their direction. This solicitude to gain a permanent in- always unwise and imprudent to give an unIt by no means lessons of those infinite globes which sail through space in solemn fuence over the minds and prejudices of the coming necessary alarm. the danger, or facilitates an escape; but grandeur, all governed and regulated by immutable laws, generation, to say the least of it, is very suspicious; and It may prohave a contrary effect. proclaim to our senses that the intelligence which presides looks, in our view, as a sort of manœuvring to bring duce unnecessary fears, and occasion much over this machinery is so far above the worse than pagan about a Hierachy in this country which if once acdistress, which, otherwise, might have been notions which are entertained by the orthodox, that men complished through such a medium, where will our re- totally avoided; and thereby the best of of pious feelings, and having as just a view of the incom-publican institutions be then? Like fragments taken plans may prove abortive. This, then, is a prehensible universe as can fall to the share of finite betime to keep silence. ings, would not hesitate to declare it presumption in them to say they were the only proper persons to superintend Sabbath Schools; that they were the legitimate organs to enforce on the rising generation all religious, moral, and political instruction, merely because they are of the cleri cal order, and would make the world believe that none others in the land are clothed with the proper authority This assumption of power is of immeasurable magnitude to the people of this Nation, and addresses itself with great force to their consideration. into the air by a whirlwind, they will be so broken and SPEAK."-SOLOMON. may But if a full knowledge of all the danger be thought indispen sible, to stimulate all concerned to the necessary exertions for either flight or defence; then, to keep silence, in such a case, would This be criminal. It is a time to speak. example in its various ramifications, may be carried into all the business of human life; and the general principle will hold good in all cases whatsoever. Perhaps there is no case in which it is more difficult to determine when to speak, and when to keep silence, than in that of defending a person against the slanderous reports of others; and especially when it becomes the imperious duty of an individual to speak in his own defence. On general principles, perhaps, it is always best to let envy alone, though it should "outvenom all the worms of the Nile;" for envy, tho' deadly, is, sooner or later, sure to punish itself. If we examine the history of the world we shall find that errors once imbibed and impressed on the minds of a whole generation are so difficult to eradicate, from the very nature and structure of the human mind, that even a thousand years may roll away before the false impressions made upon one generation may be completely removed. As the father believed, so also will the son believe. It is for this cogent reason that enlightened men look upon the whole system of Sabbath Schools with a painful distrust, observing that they embrace in their various rami- " A TIME TO KEEP SILENCE, AND A TIME TO But as evil reports, however falso, if long fications nearly all the juvenile population of the counpersisted in, although at first they may have try, good men are very properly alarmed for the conseThe wise man says truly, in the above been totally unworthy of notice, yet, not bequenees; and as it behoves them, would sound their fears motto, and to the truth of which all will as- ing contradicted, may be believed by some. sent: but then neither Solomon, nor any honest, though weak minds, to the injury of one else, has given us any certain criterion the individual against whom they are levelby which we can know, at all times, and led, a contradiction becomes absolutely neunder all circumstances, when to speak, and cessary. To be silent, therefore, under when to refrain from speaking. This is such circumstances, would be construed by left, at least in most instances, to human many into an acknowledgement of guilt. judgment: and each individual is, and must But a bare contradiction is all that ought to be, free to judge for himself, from the cr-be expected on the one hand, or yielded to cumstances by which he may be surround- on the other. To plead-"not guilty," is to the Nation, before the evil had proceeded so far as to become remidiless.-The chains of superstition and bi gotry are sufficiently galling now; but if we do not watch over them, in the progress of time, they will become so clenched that any effort to remove them will prove abor tive. We hold it a truth, of no inconsiderable importance to us, that our free institutions may have perpetuity. We are all embarked in the hope, and therefore it is on NEW ALPHABET. We have received a communicatiou from a 3. Why have single letters for friend, on the propsed new Alphabet, by Mr. two or more sounds, as x for ks; Kneeland, proposing a number of questions; ad for oi; & for tsh and XI andy directly as possible, and to save the necessity of and that these questions may be answered as for quoting them, we shall interlard the questions gz. in example? with their answers in due order. In this way with a reply to each question respectively. we shall publish the whole communication, For the Olive Branch. TO ABNER KNEELAND. two sets of letters, of 48 charac- Vowels all that is required of innocence; the burden of proof is wholly on the opposite side of the question. We are well aware, however, that merely to accuse a person of wrong, although he may be ever so innocent, and may be wholly acquitted on trial, yet the simple circumstance of his being charry character is to be distinctly sounded, and Answer. Because in the new system eveged with improper conduct, is calculated to prejudice the minds of people abroad against every word is to have as many syllables as him. The general maxim is, that persons vowel characters; hence the necessity of entirely innocent will be above suspicion. distinct characters for the two dipthongs, oy Many persons, therefore, will think, that aland ow, or oi and ou: and as the h is only though the evidence was not sufficient to used for the asper, as in head, the sound of condemn, yet there certainly must have Thy philanthropic disposition and habitu-giving two sounds to the letter h. The ch in cheese, cannot be given by tsh without been some cause of complaint; and hence, al attention to beneficial uses, to the improve-other two, it is confessed, might be omitted; notwithstanding the acquittal, it will be sup-ments that may benefit the human family, but as we already have the sharp z, as in posed that some blots and stains, at least, are should excite the love and respect of every vex, we may as well have its flat character left upon the character. good and liberal mind. Thou treadest the This would be a great grievance, and a sore tracks of Dr. Benjamin Franklin and Thorn- the sound in the word example, by gz, thus; to correspond with it, instead of expressing trial, were it not for another consideration ton's-philosophically arranged alphabets ; equally true, and which goes into the other the steps of Memnon and Cadmus. exampl. Why not rather exampl? scale, and on the whole, turns the balance Some nicities in thy alphabet, different in favor of the accused, if innocent, rather from the former, I would thank thee to ex-tween the sound of a in angel, able, 4. What difference exists bethan against him. Let a person be wrong-plain for the instruction of thy readers. fully accused of improper conduct; let his character be basely traduced by a few designbefore r sound peculiar. and a in rare, fair, &c.? ing men; and, although they may be able to sink his character in the estimation of many people abroad, yet it raises him in the Answer. If this question means, "Why same ratio among his friends at home. It make use of Italic, as well as Roman let excites public sympathy at once, and calls ters ?" (and I know not what else it means, out many friends of whom, till then, he had I answer, this is unnecessary. But if it means no knowledge; and who, but for this very the capitals, as well as the lower case, there circumstance, perhaps, would have been still are many important purposes to be answerunknown to him. Now it will not be diffi-ed by the use of capitals, too important, in ists between e in eel, here, eat, 5. What material difference excult to decide which class of friends is the our opinion, to be wholly dispensed with. most valuable, friends abroad or friends at The distinguishing of sentences, the head of and meet? If you wish, therefore, to know the real ning of proper names: and if every noun, but the long vowel coming before the perarticles, chapters, &c. as well as the begin- Answer. No difference at all in sound; character of any individual, male or female, or substantive, should be begun with a small fect mute, t, as also when it comes before k only ask the question, Where is that person capital, (as all nouns were formerly begun and p, the quantity of sound is necessarily most highly esteemed by those who with capitals,) it would greatly assist the shortened. Yet, if there were no other reaknow the character best, or by those who common reader, and be a particular benefit son why we should have the long and comknow it only by the hearing of the ear, but to foreigners, who are not well acquainted mon accent, this would not be sufficient ; at the same time are unacquainted with the with the language. But emphatic words (as but the common accent also represents the person? If you find the best and most numerous friends among the former class, your might be separated, like German print- syllables of words of more than one syllawe now make use of but comparatively few) long sound of the vowels in the unaccented -confidence will not be likely to be misplaced ing. This would be a saving of a great deal ble. if you set the character down as a person of of room in a printing-office, be much more real worth. But if those who speak well of convenient for printers, and answer every the person, are generally found only among purpose to readers which is now answered the latter class, then, undoubtedly, you will byta líc letters. act most safely, if you receive the confidence of such a person with caution. bome. 2. Why have several characters The above remarks are designed for ge- for one sound, as three letters for neral application: and if they should be the sound of s; to wit, s, c, C, as thought as having any particular bearing in Answer. The same difference as there is in the sound of a in mare, the female of a horse, and the sound of a in the first syllable of the word mayor! I am aware that most people pronounce these two words alike; but in my opinion it is very vulgar indeed. 6. Is the sound of u in duke, puke mute, the same as French u? or is it not rather the sound of you, as in youth; i. e. of i in it, and of oo in wool? al sound which cannot be represented by Answer. It is neither: but it is a dipthongtwo vowel characters, in my system, without relation to a particular case, they are inten-in sá, ceil, iç-say, ceil, ice? ded to give some satisfaction to our friends Answer. This would not be necessary violatiug a rule too important to be dispenabroad why we have said so little in self de- were it not for present existing circumstan-sed with; viz., that every word should have fence, when they may have supposed there ces; nor is it now absolutely necessary. was so much occasion for it, in relation to Yet. what is gained by it will amply pay for hence we must have a single character for as many syllables as it has vowel characters; the subject alluded to; and at the same time, the trouble of learning those three charac- every dipthongal sound. to satisfy our friends at home, why we haveters. It will alter the defended ourselves at all, as some, no doubt, less from their present form; as c is not to en for the sound of ew in dew, Jew, appearance of words 7. Why are two characters givhave thought it altogether unnecessary. be used excepting where it is now used, and Having said thus much, we have done in re-where it has its hissing sound; and the lat- &c. and of u in duke, puke, tube, lation to all that is past, but should any ter is used for ce, at the end of words, or new matter be offered, or the old grudge be else where c would be likely to be sounded reiterated, it may then be again "A TIME like k, or else where s might be sounded TO SPEAK." K. like z. &c.? given in answer to question 5. as in dew, Jew, new, &c. as it is not follow- diminish the strength of the fibre; whilst I find coal can never corrode or injure the texture of it may be thoroughly extaacted by the former the cloth submitted to its operation. It may ed by a perfect mute. without producing any such effect; this I have seem absurd to attempt to whiten cloth, &c. 8. As fewer letters would be re-proved by experiments made upon rather large with lampblack; but if we had any practical quired in an alphabet by doubling quantities. Wash it thoroughly from the alkali. concern with a bleaching establishment, we The bleaching is prepared in the following would try the experiment with a view to that the duration of the sounds of a in manner reduce perfectly fresh charcoal of soft result. hat, o in on, u in pull, &c., why not double the letters in such words as heart, awning, pool, &c.? Thus e, in rely, would be ee in really, and reel. If this last could be done with propriety, we should require but 30 letters; and these would be without accents, to prolong or abbreviate their sounds. C. C B-Y. porous wood, as willow or fir, to a very fine From the Macon, Geo. Messenger, Aug. 9. Many remains have recently been disco vered that on rinsing a little flax through it for a few of ancient and unknown inhabitants in the minutes, and then withdrawing it, it shall be county of Monroe. During the great freshet, lightly blackened. Put into it the flax to be the waters of the Towaliga having risen to an bleached, taking care that each parcel shall im- unusual height, overflowed a rising ground, on bue it to its middle. When all the flax is put the plantation of Mr. Mann, near Wilson's into the liquid, the water on being agitated Bridge, in a bend on the south side of the creek. ought to be clouded by charcoal. I cannot spe- The surface of the earth being washed away, cify the exact proportion as I observed it no laid bare what appears to have been the sight of further than this-that I always used more than a fortification, occupying the space of three or The ground had previously been And if each letter had no sound was actually requisite; in bleaching six or sev-four acres. but that which is distinguishable en pounds I never used more than half an cleared and cultivated without making the disMany antique and curious articles in slow, yea, very slow pronuncia-nder it several times in the day, in order to have been picked up. Among those we have Agitate the liquid and press the flax covery. tion; then to learn the 30 letters bring as much charcoal as possible in contact seen, are gun locks, of rude construction, parts After about twenty or twenty-four of a sword, small axes, pieces of gun barrels, & of the alphabet, would make any with it. hours remove it from the liquid, having it well great variety of spikes and nails, a small marone master of reading & Orthoepy. wrung, put it into a second which may contain in spike, brass hand bells, plate brass, pieces of less charcoal; agitate it as before, and after the carburated iron; a variety of beads, and among same interval of time, examine a small parcel them, those gilt or inlaid with gold; a small by washing it with soap and hot water if the tube, part formed of a greenish kind ef stone, colour be good, remove it from the charcoal and a part formed of lead, ingeniously fastened liquid, or else allow it to remain another day together, but for what purpose cannot be conuntil it washes white: two or three days are jectured.-Large knives, flints, musket balls, amply sufficient if the process is well conduct-a jug which would contain a gallon, of rude ed. It is advantageous to spread it out thinly manufacture, and many other articles. Great upon the grass wet as it is, and having the char- quantities of broken potter's ware scattered coal in it, taking care to turn it frequently for over the ground, of quite a different quality to Little or no cast a few days; the charcoal gradually disappears, any we have ever seen in use. iron has been found, from which it would ap, and the surface acquires a pearly appearance. The flax is now to be rinsed in a large quan-pear that their cooking utensils must have been tity of water: then to be washed thoronghly earthen. A great number of pieces of stone, with soap in hot water, till it is quite clean: the handsomely inanufactured, apparently into soap must then be washed out by cold water, quoits, are found. Many of the articles are in an extraordinary state of preservation. In and the flax dried; if on the grass, exposed to the sun and air, the better. walking over the ground, at every step someBefore washing out the charcoal with soap, thing appears; the stumps of large oaks may Our friend would have to write the lustre of the fibre will be improved by stee- be seen, which have grown in piles of ashes and Deity---Deeete; instead of Dèété.ping it for 8 or 10 hours in water just soured coals. Parts of high light wood posts, insertLet the above reasons be fully weighed, with sulphuric acid: but if this process be con-ed in the earth, yet remain the whole surface and I think they must be satisfactory. K. tinued too long, the fibre will be weakened. of the ground appears to be of artful formaThe acid steeping is not essential, except the tion. In the neighborhood, we are informed, flax be intended for particular uses. Miscellaneous. Answer. One object of the new system is to abridge the language, so as to lessen the size, and of course the expense, of books, without lessening the size of the types; but to double the vowel, to represent the long quantity of the same sound, would rather increase the number of letters, on the whole, instead of lessening them, and, besides, it would destroy the important rule of having as many syllables as vowel characters. The accents answer every purpose, and avoids this confusion: and children will learn the use of the accents much easier than they will learn that double vowels are only designed to lengthen the sound of the single vowel. A NEW METHOD OF BLEACHING AND BY THE REVEREND J. EMMET. The charcoal is easily washed ont, and that perfectly, with soap. The ultimate fibres are perfectly separated: they are so much finer than silk, that I use them in the quadrant, tranOn account of the distress which prevails in sit, and micrometers; the lustre is perfectly most of the manufacturing districts, I have that of silk; the strength of the fibre is not at been induced to present to the public the fol- all impaired. It takes such colors as I have trilowing means of bleaching and preparing flaxed-blue, pink and yellow, perfectly. The and tow, by a simple, easy and cheap process, finest thread can be spun. whereby it is reduced to a beautiful degree of whiteness, becomes possessed of a silky lustre, aud is made sufficiently fine to be manufactur- Remarks of the Editor of the New-England may beed into the finest goods; hoping that it come the means in the hands of opulent manufacturers of giving employment to some of the workmen who are unable to meet with it. Farmer. The above appears to be an important discovery, and bids fair to lead to "very beneficial results, some of which may not have been conThe process is as follows; steep or boil the templated by the inventor of the above descriflax or tow in a weak solution of sub-carbonate bed method of bleaching with charcoal. The of potash or soda, in order to extract the color-attraction between charcoal and putresent coing matter, rosin, &c. I prefer the subcarbon- loring and infectious matter, we believe may be ate to pure or caustic alkali, because however turned to better and more frequent account diluted the latter may be, its powers of corro- than ever has been done. In bleaching, charsion are so great that if it extracts the extrane- coal must have one advantage over the alkalies, ous matter perfectly, it will almost certainly acids, gases, &c. in common use, to wit: char are other similar remains. From nothing that has yet been sound, can any idea be formed, who these inhabitants were Some of the artior when they resided here. cles might have belonged to the Indians or hunters; but from many evidences, we are sure others were used by people of whom we have no record or tradition-Some of them are evidently of European manufacture-others do mestic. That these works were erected by Spaniards, is generally believed; but without any apparent authority, other than some remains evince that they belonged to Catholics. [In No. 36 of this vol. of the Gazette, Judge Buel's remarks on the cultivation of Potatoes, were given. In reply to these remarks, the following article shortly afterwards appeared in the New-Hampshire Statesman. As the practice recommended is in direct opposition to each other,—it remains for practical agriculturalists to test the validity of N. H. Gazette. each. From the New-Hampshire Gazette. I have for many years attended to agricultural notices in newspapers, and have for some time been of the opinion that it is the duty of every farmer, as well to correct the false theories of others, as to write new essays on Agriculture. In your last paper, under the head "Agriculture and the Arts," you have a very particular description how to plant and culti vate Potatoes-from high authority; but as theory and practice are two things, and as I raised some potatoes and tried many experiments as to the best mode of seeding potatoes, there are so many that give only 2 for 1, that POETRY. How meek and lovely, Charity, thou art, Bees.-In Livonia, the inhabitants make hollow places in the trees of the forest, to receive and cultivate bees. Some of them had hunI will tell you and you may tell Judge Buel, J. dreds, and even thousands of these bee-hives. Not those alone, that in frail flesh we find, Mr. Butner, a Livonian clergyman, says, the air, at some distance from the ground, is better for the bees than that of the bee-houses which receive the exhalations of the earth. Where forests are not conveniently situated, he says it is advantageous to place the hives upon trees W. Tyegate, and as many others as you please; that to cut off the seed end of potatoes and throw them away is not the best mode of raising potatoes. The seed end of the potatoe called the English white, contains all the seed you have from it worth planting, and as this is the kind of potatoe most generally raised in standing alone, at 12 or 15 feet above ground. To ease the throbs of pain with gentle hand. Ibid. Not for thy kindred and thy friends alone, Are thy attention, but confined to none. ZANESVILLE, Ohio, Oct. 6. To the poor stranger, thou wilt truly prove, Since the following was in type, the bones Thou feel'st for all a brother's tender love. alluded to have arrived in this place, and will Thou hast no pleasure in the envious tale, be open for the inspection of the public until And scornful mirth, that in the world prevail. Wednesday next. We are informed by the Thy hand has not forgotten to relieve, proprietor that the average of the estimates of In fear that bold imposture should deceive, the scientific, make the animal to which they Thou know'st thy blessings,all to thee are given; must have belonged, about 175 feet in length, Thou givest, too, and leav'st the rest to Heaven. and of the proper proportions. It would take The Searcher of all hearts, all-seeing Eye, more than common evidence to induce us to be- Will surely with the gift, its motive try. lieve in the existence of such a being, but with Teach us, exalted Charity, to know, the bones before them, none can doubt that at The Heav'nly source from whencethyvirtueflow, least one such has been; conjecture must sup- And knowing, may we learn to feel their power ply the rest. Let our readers measure off the To rule each action of life's fleeting hour. distance in their minds, and imagine its exis- Having all else, is it not said, that he tence, and the thought is almost enough to star-Is poor indeed, who feels the lack of thee? tle ordinary nerves, for man would be no more to such a monster than an insect one or 2 inches long is to us. They are truely worthy the attention of the curious. New-Hampshire, I will tell you the best mode "twenty feet in length, three in breadth, and present No. col. 2, question 2, for JUST RECEIVED, Prince-street. on the butt end and center than at or near the inches in diameter, which must have been a small end, and the larger kernels will produce weapon of defence; the other hones are in ex- And for sale at this Office, and at No. 80 act proportion. The vertebræ or back-bone is the larger stalks. Now Sir, as you belong to the Agricultural Society, and feel a deep in-sixteen inches in diameter, the passage for the terest for every thing agricultural, if you plant spine nine by six-inches, and the ribs nine feet your potatoes one half in my way and the oth-long." To what species these immense re- Series of Letters, in defence of Divine er half in judge Buel's way, and do not have as good a crop from those planted in my way as his, I will make up your loss next harvest-time, and draw the potatoes to you. Agriculture in Russia.-The state of agriculture in Russia is very low. Grain is raised in sufficient quantities to supply the country with bread and whiskey, and to leave a large surplus for exportation; yet by a comparison of the crop with the seed for several years, it apThere pears that the produce is only 2 for 1. Te a few estates which yield 10 to 12 for 1, but mains belong, we believe, is yet, and perhaps himself, $1.25 75 12 1-2 12 1-2 After seeing these bones we can scarcely any THE OLIVE BRANCH 19 Published every Saturday morning, in the rear of longer doubt the existence of the Kraken and IF TERMS.-City Subscribers, $2 50, payable in other monsters, whose history has generally he Bowery Hotel, corner of Bowery and Pell-street. advance. Mail Subscribers, $2 a year payable on the been considered fabulous. The proprietors, Messrs. Dailey & Co. in-receipt of the first number. No subscription will be re formed us that it was their intention to visit the ceived for less than a year, which includes one volume. Ten dollars from any individual will be received in Eastern cities, where we have no doubt, they full for six subscribers for one year, to be sent agreeable will be repaid for their trouble and expense, by to direction. the curious and the scientific.-Gazette. C. NICHOLS, Printer. |